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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access SELENIUM STATUS OF GUJARAT SOILS AND FODDERS(AAU, Anand, 1968) Patel, Chimanbhai A.; Mehta, B. V.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM STATUS OF SOILS OF NORTH GIJARAT AND RESPONSE STUDIES WITH RESPECT TO ALFALFA(AAU, Anand, 1972) Patel, N. A.; Mehta, B. V.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF MICRONUTRIENT AVAILABILITY IN SOILS OF KAIRA AND BARODA DISTRICTS OF GUJARAT(AAU, Anand, 1969) DANGARWALA, R. T.; Mehta, B. V.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access AVAILABILITY OF POTASSIUM IN GUJARAT SOILS(AAU, Anand, 1952) Mehta, Bansidhar Vithaldas; Shah, C. C.Potassium is one of the fifteen chemical elements that have been shown to be essential for the growth of plants. It facilitates the production of translocation of sugars and starches from the leaf, stiffens the straw of cereal crops and the grass tribe generally and enables the plant to withstand adverse conditions of soil, climate and disease. It tends to counteract the rankness of growth developed by a abundant nitrogen. The continued growing and harvesting of crops remove large quantities of potassium from the soil. Our soils have produced thousands of crops which have removed huge quantities of potassium from the soil. In the usual fertilizer practice followed in this country potassium has not been included. The question, whether it will be necessary to include it in the near future, stimulates interest in the problem of potassium status of our soils.ThesisItem Open Access SOIL AND NUTRIENT LOSSES THROUGH RUNOFF FROM LOAMY SAND SOILS UNDER DIFFERENT CROPPING SYSTEMS(AAU, Anand, 1994) Sutaria, Gangdas Samjibhai; Patel, N. K.The field experiments were conducted at the College Agronomy Farm, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand, to study the soil and nutrient losses through runoff from loamy sand soils (Ustifluvents) under different cropping systems during Kharif season of the year 1992 and 1993. There were ten treatments consisted of sole crop of pearlmillet, pigeonpea, bidi-tobacco and groundnut and their intercropping systems including cultivated and absolute fallow treatments. The results revealed that both the runoff (152.0 mm) and soil loss (8469 kg ha-1 ) were maximum under cultivated plot. Per cent runoff loss under sole crops of groundnut, pearlmillet, pigeonpea and bidi-tobacco was to the tune of 13.9, 16.7, 27.4 and 30.9 per cent of the total rainfall, respectively. The corresponding values for soil loss was 2015, 2516, 6141 and 7436 kg ha"^ for these crops. Runoff loss from bidi-tobacco and pigeonpea was reduced to the extent of 34.0 and 32.7 per cent and that of soil loss by 45.3 and 42.5 per cent when groundnut crop intercropped with these crops. The highest content of various nutrients (N, P, K) in runoff water and that in sediment fractions were observed under sole groundnut crop. The contents of these nutrients in runoff water and in sediment fractions were enhanced under intercropping of groundnut with bidi-tobacco and pigeonpea as compared to that in sole crops. The total loss of nutrients through erosion under sole crops of biditobacco and pigeonpea was 120.2 and 101.2 kg ha-1 , respectively. These loss of nutrients curtailed to the extent of 37.8 and 32.3 per cent when groundnut crop was introduced as intercrop with these crops. The sediment was the main source of loss of nutrients through erosion. Significant negative relations were observed between runoff and soil losses with nutrients enrichment ratios in sediment fractions. The enrichment ratios for various nutrients was high with sole groundnut and it was low with bidi-tobacco and pigeonpea. The fractions of silt and clay were more in eroded sediment (14.05 to 26.94 %) than the soil from which they derived (11.0 %) . The cultivated fallow plot retained more soil-water during dry spell than cropped plots. In contrast to this, cropped plots stored more water than cultivated fallow plot during rainy season. Groundnut as sole or intercrop improved the soil fertility and physical conditions of the soil. The EI30 is a good index for the prediction of runoff and soil losses. Average annual rainfall erosion index (R) is arrived as the figure 772.59. The July and August months contributing 72.39 per cent of EI30 and these months are the most erosive months. Prediction models are developed for measurement of KE and EI30 based on daily rainfall data. Sole pearlmillet and groundnut as well as groundnut intercropped with bidi-tobacco and pigeonpea crops have low crop management factor (C). Soil erodibility factor (K) is worked out to be 73.0 kg ha-1 per unit of erosion index. Prediction models were also developed using multiple factors of USLE (erosivity, crop management and soil erodibility factors) for calculation of runoff and soil losses. The impact of different cropping systems on yield, monetary returns and uptake of nutrients were also studied. The results indicated that pearlmillet crop benefitted from intercrop while pigeonpea and bidi-tobacco crops affected adversely by intercrop. The productivity per unit area was increased by 23 per cent when groundnut intercropped with pigeonpea and bidi-tobacco crops. Incorporation of groundnut as intercrop with bidi-tobacco and pigeonpea crops gave extra monetary returns of 896 and 2648 Rs . ha-1, respectively than that from corresponding sole crops. The uptake of various plant nutrients were high under intercropping system in comparison to that in sole cropping system.ThesisItem Open Access PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SMOKE CHARACTERISTICS OF BIDI TOBACCO AS INFLUENCED BY VARYING STAGES OF HARVEST(AAU, Anand, 1985) GHELANI, LAXMANBHAI MANJIBHAI; Dangarwala, R. T.With a view to knowing the differences in physico-chemical and smoke characteristics of bidi tobacco due to varying stages of harvest an experiment was conducted during 1982-83 and 1985-84 at Bidi Tobacco Research Station, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand Campus, Anand. Different stages of harvesting were; (I) relatively immature stage of harvesting at 140 days after transplanting (M1), (ii) normal stage of harvesting at 160 days after transplanting (M2) and (iii) relatively over-mature stage of harvesting at 180 days after transplanting (M3).ThesisItem Open Access ZINC, IRON AND MANGANESE AVAILABILITY IN PADDY SOILS OF SOUTH GUJARAT(AAU, Anand, 1978) Patel, Gokalbhai Ramjibhai; Dangarwala, R. T.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF POOR QUALITY IRRIGATION WATER THROUGH DRIP SYSTEM ALONGWITH FARM YARD MANURE AND PLASTIC MULCH ON CHANGES IN VERTISOL AND PERFORMANCE OF TOMATO CROP(AAU, Anand, 1995) DESAI, RAMESHCHANDRA MAGANLAL; PATEL, J. C.A field experiment was conducted at Narmada Irrigation Research Project, Khandha (Karjan) on Vertisols (heavy black) to study the effect of poor quality irrigation water (EC 2.1 dSm-1 SAR 10.8 and Mg/Ca ratio 2.1) using flood and drip system with or without FYM and black plastic mulch (PM) on changes in properties of soil and performance of tomato crop during Rabi season of 1993-94. The effect of monsoon rain on changes in properties of soil was also studied. Ten treatment combinations viz., 50 mm flood (0.8 PE) and three levels of drip viz. D1(0.45), D2(0.60) and D3(0.75 PE) with or without FYM as well as black PM(50) at 0.45 PE with or without FYM were tried in randomised block design with four replications. The use of black polyethylene mulch alongwith drip irrigation at 0.45 PE showed maximum plant height, number of branches per plant and leaf area index. The use of drip irrigation was better with respect to above parameters over flood system. The levels of irrigation and application of FYM did not show significant response. The development of roots (dry weight, length and volume) was significantly higher under PM alongwith drip irrigation at 0.45 PE. Application of FYM was effective at higher level (0.75 PE) of drip irrigation only. The number of fruits per plant and mean weight of fruits were maximum under PM' treatments. The performance of drip system in respect of number of fruits per plant was better over flood. The fruit yields were significantly highest under PM treatment! during both the periods. The fruit yields under D1 + PM (75.29 Mg ha-1), D1 + PM + FYM, D3 + FYM and D3 treatments were 96.6, 67.8, 65.1 and 63.0 (period I), as well as 82.8, 62.5, 46.4 and 44.7 (overall) per cent higher, respectively over flood irrigation (41.19 Mg ha-1 ). The effect of application of FYM was not significant. The stalk yield was maximum under PM along with lower level of drip irrigation (0.45 PE) followed by treatment D3 (0.75 PE). The water use efficiency (kg ha-1 m-1 ) was maximum in D1 + PM (173.36) followed by D1 + PM + FYM (154.4) while increasing levels of drip irrigation reduced. the WUE irrespective of FYM application.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF MUSTARD TO P, S AND Zn FERTILIZATION AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON BAJRA CROP(AAU, Anand, 1988) PATEL, M. K.; DANGERWALA, R. T.A field experiment was conducted with a view to knowing the effects of different levels of P (0, 50 and 100 kg p205/ha), S (0, 20 and 40 kg S/ha) and Zn (0, 5 and 10 kg Zn/ha) on (i) periodical chcinges in available status of the applied nutrients, (ii) changes in concentration of nutrients in mustard leaves collected after 30, 60 and 90 days of sowing, (iii) dry matter yield, oil content and chemical composition of different plant components of mustard, (iv) residual effects of the applied nutrients on dry-matter yield of a succeeding crop of bajra, and (v) finally suggesting fertilizer schedule for mustard-bajra cropping sequence. The cropping sequence of mustard-bajra was followed for two consecutive years, with a crop of fodder jowar in between to exhaust out the residual effects of left-over nutrients as the experiment was to be continued on the same site in the subsequent year. Soil was loamy sand in texture, poor in N and organic matter, sufficient in K, fairly adequate in S and deficient in Zn. Available status of P, S and Zn at different growth stages were affected significantly due to application of respective nutrients. Generally, all of them showed a decreasing trend with passage of time. The concentration of P in mustard leaves was not significantly altered at different stages due to P levels, but S and Zn contents showed significant differences due to variation in level of their applications during both the years. On the pooled basis, the yields of mustard grains, straw and husk were increased to the maximum extent by 33, 24 and 20 per cent at P2 (100 kg P2O5/ha) level respectively as compared to P0, (control) , but such yield differences were not noticed due to applications of S and Zn. However, oil content of mustard was significantly enhanced by the increased rate of S addition during both the years. The increases over control (S0) in oil content at S, (20 kg S/ha) and S2 (40 kg S/ha) levels on the pooled basis were 1.8 and 3.4 per cent respectively. However, overall oil yield was significantly improved only on accoxmt of P addition during both the years, which could be attributed to mainly to increased production of mustard grains. Addition of Zn neither increased oil content nor its overall yield. Application of P increased total uptakes of different elements in plant parts of mustard. While, S and Zn application improved their respective uptakes, but generally not of others. The percentage increases on pooled basis in total uptakes over control at P1 and P2 levels were respectively 13 and 31 for P; 16 and 33 for S; as well as 18 and 38 for Zn. Addition of Zn to the previous crop of mustard significantly elevated the grains and straw yields of bajra during both the years. The percentage increases in grains yield over control on pooled basis at Zn1 (5 kg Zn/ha) and Zn2 (10 kg Zn/ha) were 26 and 57 respectively indicating tremendous boosting effect of Zn on production of bajra grains. Fertilization of mustard crop at varying levels of P, S and Zn did not show significant effect on the fatty acid profile of mustard oil. Erucic acid, a characteristic fatty acid showed the maximum contribution of 60 per cent. Mustard crop should be fertilized on hectare basis with 100 kg P2O5, 2.5 or 5 kg Zn along with 50 kg N to realize maximum net returns on a soil deficient in Zn and medium in P, while the succeeding bajra crop be fertilized with 2.5 or 5 kg Zn/ha to derive more monetory returns. It is desirable to supplement Zn in two equal splits to each of the crops of mustard-bajra cropping sequence for its efficient utilization, rather than full Zn dose of 5 or 10 kg/ha to the first crop of mustard.