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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENT ESSENTIAL OILS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTER ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(POULTRY RESEARCH STATION COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & A. H. ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, ANAND, 2019) Rajalekshmi C.; Dr. R. K. MishraThe experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of various levels of thyme and peppermint essential oils as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter on performance of commercial broilers. Two hundred and fifty six (256) straight run day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly to eight experimental treatments, consisting of 32 chicks in each treatment. Each treatment consisted of four replicates with eight chicks per replicate. The experiment was conducted for a period of six weeks. The eight treatments were divided as follows: T1 diet (control with no antibiotic and no essential oils), T2 diet with bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) @ 50g/100 kg feed, T3 diet with thyme essential oil @ 15g/100 kg feed, T4 diet with thyme essential oil @ 20g/100 kg feed, T5 diet with thyme essential oil @ 25g/100 kg feed, T6 diet with peppermint essential oil @ 20g/100 kg feed, T7 diet with peppermint essential oil @ 25g/100 kg feed and T8 ration with peppermint essential oil @ 30g/100 kg feed.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF PREBIOTIC, PROBIOTIC AND SYNBIOTIC AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTER ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(POULTRY RESEARCH STATION COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & A. H. ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, ANAND, 2019) Patel Ajaykumar; Dr. F. P. SavaliyaThe experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter on performance of commercial broilers. Two hundred and twenty four (224) straight run day-old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly to seven treatment groups, each treatment group consisted of four replicates, each of 8 chicks leading to 32 chicks per treatment. The experiment was conducted for a period of six weeks. The seven treatments were divided as follows: T1 diet was kept as control (without antibiotic and without prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic). T2 diet contained bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) as AGP @ 50g/100 kg feed, T3 diet contained prebiotic [Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) @ 0.05%], T4 diet contained probiotic-1 (Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces spp. @ 0.05%), T5 diet contained probiotic-2 (Clostridium and Bacillus spp. @ 0.05%), T6 diet contained synbiotic-1 (MOS @ 0.05% + Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces spp. @ and T7 diet contained synbiotic-2 (MOS @ 0.05% + Clostridium and Bacillus spp. @ 0.05%).ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF SIXTEENTH WEEK BODY WEIGHT ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF RHODE ISLAND RED BIRDS(POULTRY RESEARCH STATION COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & A. H. AAU, ANAND, 2018) Brahmbhatt Vishal H.; Dr. R. K. MishraThe present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of sixteenth week body weight on production performance of Rhode Island Red birds. The experiment was conducted from 17th to 40th weeks of age. Data pertaining to Rhode Island Red birds maintained at Poultry Research Station, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand were utilized for the present study. Present experiment was carried out using two hundred and sixty nine (269) Rhode Island Red females. They were classified into 8 experimental groups according to body weight (BW) at 16 weeks of age. Total 9 groups were also formed on the basis of total egg production upto 40 weeks of age with difference of 5 eggs between the groups.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF ACIDIFIER AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTER ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(POULTRY RESEARCH STATION COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2018) Natasha Anand; Dr. F. P. SavaliyaThe experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation of acidifier as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter on performance of commercial broilers. One hundred and ninety two (192) straight run day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly to six treatment groups, consisting of 32 chicks in each treatment group. Each treatment group consisted of four replicates with 8 chicks per replicate. The experiment was conducted for a period of six weeks. The six treatments were divided as follows: T1 ration was kept as control (No antibiotic and no organic acid), T2 ration contained bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) @ 50g/100 kg feed, T3 ration contained coated sodium butyrate @ 0.2% (200g/100kg feed), T4 ration contained coated sodium butyrate @ 0.4% (400g/100kg feed), T5 ration contained esterified sodium butyrate @ 0.2% (200g/100kg feed) and T6 ration contained esterified Sodium butyrate @ 0.4% (400g/100kg feed).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYTASE ENZYME ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(POULTRY COMPLEX COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2016) Deokar Parshuram Prabhakar; Deokar Parshuram PrabhakarThe experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of phytase enzyme on performance of commercial broilers. Two hundred and fifty (250) day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly in to five treatments. Each treatment was having 5 replicates of 10 birds each. T1 ration was kept as control (without phytase), T2, T3, T4 and T5 rations contained phytase enzyme supplemented at the rate of 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 FTU/Kg of feed, respectivelyThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ENZYMES SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(AAU, Anand, 2013) SHINDE, OMPRAKASH SHAMRAO; MISHRA, R. K.The experiment was conducted to study effect of enzymes supplementation on performance of commercial broilers. One hundred and sixty (160) day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly into four treatments. T1 ration was considered as control (without enzyme). T2, T3 and T4 ration contains enzymes at the rate of 25g, 50g and 75g per 100 kg feed, respectively in broiler starter as well as in broiler finisher ration. The each gram of commercial enzymes mixture used in the experiment contains: Xylanase (2,000 IU), Amylase (400 IU), Protease (4000 IU) and Cellulase (500 IU). Each treatment was having 4 replicates of 10 birds each. The initial mean body weight (g) of day old age chicks (BWQ) was found to be 49.67 ± 0.11, 49.61 ± 0.05, 49.67 ± 0.07 and 49.68 ± 0.08 which was non-significant and finally reached to average body weight (g) of 1975.53 ± 23.28, 2011.75 ± 12.73, 2054.41 ± 17.95 and 2093.02 ± 43.98 at the end of experiment (6th week) under treatment rations T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations, respectively. The mean body weight gain (g) of birds during 0-6 weeks of age fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was found to be 1925.85 ± 23.39, 1962.10 ± 12.75, 2004.74 ± 17.91 and 2043.38 ± 43.94, respectively. The birds fed with T4 ration recorded significantly higher body weight gain than control (T1). The mean body weight gain of birds during 0 to 4 weeks (starter phase) and 0 to 6 weeks of age was significant but non-significant differences were observed during 4 to 6 weeks of age (finisher phase). The significant increase in average body weight and body weight gain on enzyme supplementation clearly indicates the beneficial effects of supplementing enzymes in improving the nutrient utilization required for the growth. The mean total feed consumption (g/bird) during 0 to 4 weeks of age fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was found to be 1752.9 ± 10.84, 1756.02 ± 10.23, 1777.12 ± 10.99 and 1707.83 ± 21.02, respectively. Feed consumption of birds fed with T1, T2 and T3 rations was significantly (P<0.05) higher than T4. The differences in feed consumption among different treatment rations were non-significant during 5 to 6 weeks and during 0 to 6 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio of birds from 0 to 4 weeks of age fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was found to be 1.873 ± 0.011, 1.835 ± 0.032, 1.803 ± 0.035 and 1.659 ± 0.015, respectively. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed with T4 ration was significantly (P<0.05) better than T1,T2 and T3 rations. However, the differences in feed conversion ratio among different treatment rations were found to be nonsignificant during 5 to 6 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio of birds from 0 to 6 weeks of age fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was found to be 1.975 ± 0.036, 1.890 ± 0.018, 1.872 ± 0.030 and 1.789 ± 0.036, respectively. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed with T4 ration was significantly (P<0.05) better than T1 and T2 but differ non-significantly with T3 ration. The significantly improved feed conversion ratio in enzyme supplementation clearly indicates the beneficial effects of supplementing enzymes in improving the nutrient utilization from rations. The livability in the birds fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was 97.5% 100%, 97.5% and 100%), respectively. Enzyme supplementations do not have any adverse effect on the livability of the birds. Economy in terms of Return over Feed Cost (ROFC) of birds fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations was found to be (Rs./bird) 58.12, 62.67, 64.73 and 69.66, respectively. Economy calculating in terms of European Performance Efficiency Index (EPEI) of birds fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 rations at 6th week of age (42 days) was found to be 232.01, 253.37, 254.90 and 279.18. Birds fed with T4 ration were having higher EPEI than T3 followed by T2 and control (T1) ration. Profit increases as the level of enzymes supplementation in broiler ration increased and highest profit was noted @ 75g/100 kg feed of enzymes supplementation than other treatment rations. The carcass characteristics like pre-slaughter live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, liver weight, heart weight, gizzard weight, giblet weight, abdominal fat, kidney weight and intestinal length were found to be non-significant among birds fed under different treatment rations. For better growth performance, feed efficiency, profitability and livability, the enzymes should be supplemented @ 75g/ 100kg of feed in the broiler ration.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF THREE CROSSBRED CHICKENS SUITABLE FOR RURAL FARMING(AAU, Anand, 2011) PODCHALWAR, KUNDAN SURESH; SAVALIYA, F. P.The present research work was undertaken to evaluate and compare performance of three crossbreds which were generated by mating of males of Australorp (A), Naked neck (Na) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) with the White Leghorn females (IWP strain). The traits studied during the experimental period were fertility, hatchability, body weight, age at first egg, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg quality, livability and economic returns. The fertility percent was found to be 97.83, 96.33 and 95.83 in Australorp male x IWP strain of White Leghorn female (A x IWP), Naked neck male x IWP strain of White Leghorn female (Na x IWP) and RIR male x IWP strain of White Leghorn female (RIR x IWP) crossbreds, respectively. The hatchability percent on total egg set basis was found to be 92.33, 90.50 and 86.83 and on fertile egg set basis it was found to be 94.37, 93.94 and 90.60 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. Fertility as well as hatchability in A x IWP crossbred was better as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. The body weight (g) was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred at all ages as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, except at day old age. The age at 10% and 50% egg production was higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. The average age at first egg was found to be 157.68 ± 0.65, 153.71 ± 0.36 and 153.56 ± 0.39 days in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The average age at first egg was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. The hen housed egg production was found to be 65.70, 72.67 and 70.00 percent in A X IWP, Na X IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The hen day egg production percent was 67.52, 73.45 and 71.32 for A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. Mean egg production (No) up to 40 weeks of age (TEN40) was recorded to be 96.11 ± 1.28, 103.54 ± 1.26 and 101.86 ± 1.26 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The TEN40 was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Na x IWP and RIR X IWP crossbreds as compared to A x IWP crossbreds. Mean egg weight (g) at 28 weeks of age (EWzs) was found to be 50.55 ± 0.23, 50.22 ± 0.23 and 51.20 ± 0.23 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The EW28 was significantly (P<0.05) higher in RIR x IWP crossbred as compared to A x IWP and Na x IWP crossbreds. The TEM40 was significantly (P<0.05) higher for Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds as compared to A x IWP crossbred. Mean total feed consumption (kg/bird) for 21-40 weeks period (TFC40) was found to be 15.529 ± 0.019, 15.405 ± 0.028 and 15.231 ± 0.019 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR X IWP crossbreds, respectively. The TFC40 was not differed significantly among the crossbreds. Mean feed consumption per egg during 21-40 weeks (FC/E21.40) was found to be 166.81 ± 2.83, 152.96 ± 2.26 and 153.71 ± 2.34 (g) in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The FC/E21-40 was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. Mean feed consumption per dozen eggs for 21-40 weeks period (FC/DE2M0) was found to be 1.93 ± 0.02, 1.78 ± 0.02 and 1.79 ± 0.01 (kg) in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR X IWP crossbreds, respectively. The FC/DE2Mowas significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. Mean feed consumption per kilo eggs during 21-40 weeks (FC/KE21-40) was found to be 3.18 ± 0.04, 2.94 ± 0.03 and 2.93 ± 0.04 (kg) in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The FC/KE2M0 was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds. Mean Haugh unit (HU) was found to be 69.30 ± 2.08, 64.8 ± 1.62, 60.82 ± 2.20 in A X IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The Haugh unit was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A x IWP crossbred as compared to RIR x IWP crossbred. The crossbreds did not differ significantly for Mean Albumin index. Yolk index. Yolk color and Shell thickness. All three crossbreds had excellent livability during the experimental period. Livability (%) during 0-40 weeks period was found to be 97.2, 96.4 and 96 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. ReUim over feed cost (ROFC Rs./egg) was found to be 0.14 ± 0.04, 0.29 ± 0.03 and 0.28 ± 0.03 in A x IWP, Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds, respectively. The ROFC was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Na x IWP and RIR x IWP crossbreds as compared to A x IWP crossbred.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF FOUR BREEDS OF CHICKEN AND THEIR CROSSBREDS UP TO 8 WEEKS OF AGE SUITABLE FOR BACKYARD FARMING(AAU, Anand, 2012) PATIL, SACHIN SUBHASH; JOSHI, R. S.The present study was designed to study growth performance of four breeds, Red Cornish, Sussex, Rhode Island Red and Color Broiler chicken along with growth performance in their crossbred progenies suitable for rural fanning. The crossbred progenies were produced by full diallel crossing between these four breeds in order to obtain both direct and reciprocal crossbred progenies. Thus, total sixteen genetic groups including twelve crossbreds and four purebreds were produced with an objective to evaluate growth performance in the next generation. The following traits were studied i.e. Growth traits (Body weight and body weight gain). Feed consumption traits (Feed Consumption & Feed Conversion Ratio), Fertility (%) and Hatchability (%) traits, Livability (%), Carcass traits. Heterosis, Economics in terms of Return Over Feed Cost and European Performance Efficiency Index. Amongst pure breds, body weight (g) in Red Comish at day old, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th weeks of age were 40.38 ± 0.49, 68.39 ± 1.78, 115.24 ± 4.86, 193.87 ± 8.52, 285.66 ± 11.8, 420.06 ± 15.94, 507.67 ± 16.62, 659.83 ± 19.63 and 890.09 ± 23.04 g, respectively. Similarly, it was 41.18 ± 0.40. 66.36 ± 1.6, 117.53 ± 3.66, 184.32 ±5.95, 294.06 ± 10.62, 451.53 ± 15.04, 595.8 ± 17.28, 793.29 ± 25.34, 1107.23 ± 33.68 g, respectively in Sussex, while in RIR it was 36.29 ± 0.59, 67.54 ± 1.38, 117.29 ± 2.35, 173.25 ± 4.03, 233.10 ± 5.33, 303.94 ± 7.15, 393.73 ± 9.24, 489.77 ± 11.24 and 627.69 ± 13.07 g, respectively, whereas as in Colored Broiler, 44.21 ± 0.62, 77.52 ± 1.46, 145.15 ± 3.43, 283.40 ± 7.18, 462.12 ± 13.12, 636.96 ± 16.3, 921.43 ± 22.54, 1189.71 ± 26.65 and 1448.9 ± 33.62 g, respectively. The body weight at all the weeks of age was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Colored Broiler. All the breed groups differ significantly (P < 0.05) for body weight at all the stages of growth. Among crossbred progenies, body weight (g) ranged at day old, 33.54± 0.36 g (BxRIR) to 45.52 ± 0.56 g (SxB ), at 1''week 57.96 ± 1.23 g (BxRIR) to 72.77 ± 1.30 g (BxRC), at 2nd week 97.38 ± 2.60 (RIR x S) g to 139.84 ± 3.80 g (BxRC), at 3rd week 166.22 ± 4.80 g (RIRxS) to 253.64 ± 8.17 g in (BxRC), at 4th week of age, 250.28 ± 7.76 g (RIRxS) to SxB (443.54 ± 10.66 g), at 5th week 340.26 ± 11.01 g (RIRxS ) to 629.02 ± 17.64 g (SxB) cross, at 6th week, 452.29 ± 13.96 g (RCxRIR) to 816.3 ± 19.98 g (SxB), at 7th week 563.03 ± 16.42 g (RCxRIR) to 1075.90 ± 24.73 g (SxB), and at 8th week , 721.94 ± 20.69 g (RCxRIR) to 1400.80 :c 31.19 g (SxB). The average body weight gain during 0-8 wk (1404.61 ± 33.40 g) period was higher in Colored Broiler as compare to other breds while lowest body weight gain observed in RIR . Amongst cross breds, SxB found significantly higher body weight gain almost at all stages i.e. BWGo-4 (398.04 ± 10.44 g), BWG4-8 (957.33 ± 26.02 g) and BWGo-8 (1355.38 ±31.02 g) while RIRxS had lowest body weight gain during BWGo-4 ( 208.95 ± 7.70) and BWG4-8 RCxRIR had (466.59 ± 15.06 g ) and BWGo-8. (683.44 ± 20.56 g) in comparison to other cross breds in different stages The total feed consumption in pure breds found to be lowest by RIR, during 0-4, 4-8 and 0-8 weeks period and highest by Colored Broiler during whole experimental period. Among crossbred progenies, lowest TFC was observed in RIRxS cross during 0-4 and in RCxRIR cross during 4-8, 0-8 week's period. Whereas, the higher feed consumption was observed by RlRxRC cross during 0-4 and 0-8 weeks, while SxRC during 4-8 weeks. It was observed that FCR was best in Colored Broiler during 0-4, 4-8 and 0-8 weeks i.e. 1.67 ± 0.07, 2.05 ± 0.06 and 1.85 ± 0.04, respectively while it was observed poor in RER. breed. In cross breds, FCR was best in SxB cross during 0-4 and 0-8 weeks i.e. 2.16 ± 0.06 and 2.06 ± 0.04 while 4-8 week best in BxRC, while poor in RCxRIR cross during 0-4 wk, 3.44 ± 0.15 and RlRxRC during 4-8, 0-8 weeks i.e., 3.59 ± 0.10 and 3.38 ± 0.07. Overall FCR for 0-8 week's period was found to be best in SxB (2.06 ± 0.04) and poor in RIRxRC (3.38 ± 0.07) crosses. Among pure breds, fertility was highest in S (96.50 %) and lowest in RIR (82.10 %).In cross breds, fertility (%) ranged from 72.20 (B xRiR) to 98.30 (SxRIR). The hatchability (%) among pure breds was ranged from 86.00 (B) to 92.90 (S) and 75.60 (RIR) to 89.70 (S) on FES basis and TES basis, respectively. The hatchability among crosshreds, on FES basis was ranged from 69.20 % (RlRxB) to 91.50 % (RCxS) whereas; on TES basis it was from 54.20 % (BxRIR) to 79.20 % (RCxS). During 0-8 weeks period highest livability was observed in B & S (98.0 %) and lowest by RC (92.0 %). Overall livability upto 8 weeks period in pure breed was 96.0 % among cross breds, RIRx S had shown highest livability (100.0 %) and it was lowest in RCxS and SxRC (94.0 %) upto 8 weeks of age. Overall livability (%) in crossbred were 97.16%. The dressing (%) found to be higher in Colored Broiler (70 %) and lowest in RIR (62 %) in pure breds. In cross breds, Cross of broiler breed with other shown higher dressing (%) as compared to cross of RIR Breed with other breeds. Dressing percentage in S xB found to be (70 %) and lowest found in RIR x RC (60.73%). Cost of TFC (0-8 weeks) per bird in pure breds was lower in RIR (Rs. 30.36) and higher in B (Rs. 41.68). Economics on the basis of ROFC was found to be highest in B (Rs. 45.20) and lowest in RIR (Rs. 7.25). Cost of TFC (0-8 weeks) per bird in cross breds was lower in RCxRIR and higher in RIRxRC i.e. Rs. 30.77 and Rs. 45.18, respectively. Economics on the basis of ROFC in cross bred was found to be higher in SxB (Rs. 40.66) and lower in RIRxRC (Rs. 6.00). The results revealed highest EPEI in SxB (119.00) and lowest in RIRxRC (43.29). The pooled over EPEI for various crossbreds was found to be 71.93. The positive heterosis was observed in crossing of RCxS, RCxB, SxRC, SxB, RIRxRC, RIRxS and RIRxB, Whereas BxRC, BxS, BxRIR, SxRIR, RCxRIR crosses showed negative heterosis. The maximum percent of heterosis was found to be in RIRxB (52.82 %) while BxRIR (-34.6 %) cross showed minimum heterosis. Overall , it was obsei-ved that SxB cross performed excellent with higher body weight and weight gain, better feed conversion efficiency, higher dressing percentage, higher EPEI value as well as higher ROFC. Hence, Sussex as male line and Colored Broiler as a female line yield better cross for excellent ecomomic crossbred suitable for rural poultry farming.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYTASE ENZYME ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2016) Parshuram Prabhakar Deokar; Dr. F. P. SavaliyaThe experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of phytase enzyme on performance of commercial broilers. Two hundred and fifty (250) day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly in to five treatments. Each treatment was having 5 replicates of 10 birds each. T1 ration was kept as control (without phytase), T2, T3, T4 and T5 rations contained phytase enzyme supplemented at the rate of 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 FTU/Kg of feed, respectively. The phosphorous level (%) in the broiler starter diet of birds fed T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 ration was 0.43, 0.33, 0.30, 0.27 and 0.24, respectively. The phosphorous level (%) in the broiler finisher diet of birds fed T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 ration was 0.42, 0.26, 0.23, 0.20 and 0.18, respectively.
