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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access RENIFORM NEMATODE, ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS LINFORD AND OLIVEIRA, 1940 IN TOBACCO(AAU, Anand, 1982) Patel, Davabhai Jethabhai; Desai, M. V.The experiments on reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, in bidi tobacco conducted to study the life cycle, effect of temperature and pH on hatching of eggs, nematode survival and virulence/ histopathology, effect of nematode on seed germination and seedling development, inoculum potential in relation to growth of tobacco seedlings and reaction of tobacco.varieties to nematode revealed that R. reniformis completed its life cycle from egg to egg in 27 to 32 days at 30 to 32°C on bidi tobacco variety Anand 119, The fecundity of nematode was on an average 83 eggs per egg mass and reproduction was amphimitic. Among the different temperatures (5 to 45°C with an increment of 5°C) studied, egg hatching of nematode was significantly more a t 30°C as compared to the rest, while per cent nematode survival was significantly-more at 15°C than at the remaining temperatures. But the nematode virulence on castor variety Anand 6-4 was significantly more when incubated at 5°C as compared to the remaining temperatures. As regards the different pH levels (2 to 10 with an increment of one), nematode egg hatching was significantly more at 7 pH than the remaining levels. The nematode survival was significantly more at 9 pH than the rest, while nematode virulence on castor variety Anand 6-4 was significantly more at 9 pH than the rest barring 8 pH. Histopathological studies indicated that young female penetrated the epidermal and cortical parenchyma tissues and reached the endodermal layers intracellularly through parenchyma. The orie third anterior portion of the female remained embedded in the root. Several cells of pericycle layer surrounding the head of the nematode formed giant cells. R. reniformis reduced 36,36, 57.56, 7.91, 64.32 and 23.91 per cent reduction in seed germination, green and oven dry seedlings weights as well as number of transplantable and total seedlings over sterilized soil. The nematode also retarded the nutrients uptake by tobacco seedlings to the tune of 9.83 (Nitrogen) ,1.75 (phosphorus), 5.93 (Potassium), 10.70 (Calcium) and 1-8.59 (Magnesium) per cent under infected soil. The nema population increased from the initial level of 250 to 1400 per 100 g of soil in 45 days. Among different levels of inoculum (o, 10, loo, 1,000 and 10,000 nematodes per pot), the inoculum level of 100 nematodes per pot and above reduced the green shoot weight and plant height of tobacco seedlings. The level of 10,000 nematodes per pot while being at par with the level of 1,000 nematodes per pot had significant depressing effect on green root and green as well as dry shoot weights of tobacco seedlings as compared to the rest barring the level of 100 nematodes per pot. The level of 10,000 nematodes per pot reduced significantly less plant height as compared to the rest. The soil population per pot and total number of nematodes per plant increased significantly upto 1000 nematodes per pot, thereafter, the population did not increase significantly in the level of 10,000 nematodes per pot. similarly the reproduction of R. reniformis increased with an increase in nema population upto 3,000 nematodes per pot (0 to 5.14), It was low (0.69) in the level of 10,000 nematodes per pot. Likewise nutrients uptake also decreased with an increase in nema population and inverse correlationship observed between inoculum levels and nutrients uptake was very high with the variation in coefficient from -0.865 to -0.706. Ihe reaction of tobacco varieties viz. Anand 2, Anand 119, Dharmaj Kaliu (DK), S 20, GT 4, K 49, K 20 and Kumkumathri (Bidi types), Anand 145, and 47-75 (Chewing types) and CTRI Special, 16-103 and VaSCR (VFC types) to R. reniformis revealed none to be free from R. reniformis infestation. Varieties GT 4, Anand 145 and Anand 2 were less preferred hosts while VaSCR was highly preferred by R. reniformis. The rest of the varieties were intermediate.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF LUCERNE (Medicago sativa L.) RUST (Uromyces striatus Schroet.) AND ITS CHEMICAL CONTROL IN SEED PRODUCTION CROP(AAU, Anand, 1982) GHELANI, GANESH K.; Patel, A. J.Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) was found suffering from rust, downy mildew, common leaf spot, Phytophthora root rot and Fusarium wilt in and around Anand area. Rust disease is assuming alarming proportion since last two-three years and causing considerable damage to the crop. Fungus Uromyces striatus Schreet. (Syn. U. striatus var medicaginis (Pass.) Arth.) on lucerne produces ured spores which are one celled, glohoid to broadly ellipsoid, 18-23 x 17-22 µm with 1-2 µm walls, evenly echinulate, yellowish brown with three to four equatorial pores, and on hyaline pedicels (Plate-1).ThesisItem Open Access CHEMICAL CONTROL OF WHITERUST (Albugo Candida (Lev.) Kunze) DISEASE OF MUSTARD ( Brassica juncea (L.) Cozern & Coss)(AAU, Anand, 1981) SOLANKI, V. A.; Patel, A. J.Mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Cozern & Coss.) was found suffering from Whiterust, Downy mildew, Powdery mildow in and around Anand area. Whiterust disease is assuming alarming proportion since few years and causing considerable damage to the crop. Under field conditions sprayings of Ridomil (0.03 per cent) gave highest disease control and yield and was followed by Difolatan (0.2 per cent). With a view to know the effect of spraying fungicides on mustard seed mycoflora, eigh seed samples were tested for associated fungi. The isolations were made on moist blotter technique with and without pretreatment with 0.1 per cent merouric chloride.ThesisItem Open Access MYCOFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH SEEDS OF FOUR OILSEED CROPS AND EFFICACY OF FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROLLING PATHOGENIC FUNGI(AAU, Anand, 1980) Gaikwad, N. Y.; PATEL, A. J.Seed-borne pathogens play a vital role in causing diseases of oilseed crops. Hence, with a view to study mycoflora and their role, seed samples of four oilseed crops viz. Castor (Ricinus communis, L.), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea, L.), sesamum (Sesamum indicum, L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annus, L.) were tested for determining the range of mycloflora associated with seeds. The isolations were made on potato dextrose agar and moist blotting paper with and without pretreatment with 0.1 percent mercuric chloride.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF RHIZOBIAL INOCULANTS FOR ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF INTRODUCED STRAINS IN MEDIUM BLACK SOILS OF PANCHMAHALS(AAU, Anand, 1981) DESAI, K. K.; Sheth, R. D.Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the chief forage crop grown in India. Since alfalfa is inoculated with Rhizobium culture, attempts were made to find out suitable strain of Rhizobium for alfalfa. Rhizobia were isolated from the module of lucerne formed by native rhizobia present in the two soil types, one from the ‘medium black’ soil sample of Panchmahal and other from the ‘Goradu’ soil sample of Anand. A standard inoculant strain TAI-380 was also used for study. Efficiency of isolated rhizobia and standard inoculant strain were studied under glasshouse conditions by using ‘Leonard Jar Technique’ at 30th, 50th and 70th day period of plant growth after inoculation of rhizobia.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON ALTERNARIA BLIGHT [ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA (FR.) KEISSLER] AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF ALTERNARIA BLIGHT AND RAMULARIA BLIGHT OF FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE MILL.)(AAU, Anand, 1981) CHAUDHARI, S. M.; PATEL, A. J.Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is an important cash crop of Gujarat, occupying substantial area amongst non-food crops grown in the State. Among the diseases, Alternaria blight (Alternaria alternata) and Ramularia blight (Ramularia foeniculi) are known to cause considerable damage to this crop. In vitro studies, it is revealed that the pathogen causing blight (A. alternata)grew best at 25-30°C and at pH 6.3 to 6.8. Richard’s solution was found to be the best medium for the profuse growth and maximum sporulation. Among different carbon sources, sucrose was found to be the best for mycelial growth of the fungus followed by glucose.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SEED MYCOFLORA AND THEIR EFFECT ON EMERGENCE OF GROUNDNUT SEEDS(AAU, Anand, 1982) Murthy, V. Krishna; Sheth, R. D.Seed-borne pathogens can cause ample damage to seeds and young seedlings of groundnut. Henee, with a view to study the range of seed myooflora and their effect on germinationf five varieties of groundnut namely GAUG-1, J-11 , Punjab-1, TG-16 and TG-17 which are being grown on a large scale in Gujarat, were tested Potato dextrose agar and moist blotting paper methods were used for isolating the fungi from seeds with ani without pretreatment by 80 per cent alcohol followed by 0.1 per cent mercuric chloride. Fourteen species of fungi were isolated out of which six species viz., Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. tamariii Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina were found to be the most commonly occuring and highly pathogenic fungi.ThesisItem Open Access CONTROL OF DAMPING-OFF AND DOWNY MILDEW OF LUCERNE (Medicago sativa. L.)(AAU, Anand, 1982) VIRPARIA, KANJI D.; Patel, A. J.Lucerne (Medicago sativa, L.) was found suffering from damping off, downy mildew, rust, common leaf spot, foliage blight and fusarium wilt in and around Anand area of Gujarat State. Damping off and downy mildew diseases are assuming alarming proportation since 2-3 years and causing considerable damage to the crop. A glass house trial was undertaken to find out effective control for damping off. Systemic and non-systemic seeddressing fungicides were tried. Agrosan GN, Brassicol and Captan @3g/kg seed gave good germination of seeds, whereas Agrosan GN, Brassicol and Bavistin controlled post-emergence damping off effectively.