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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CO-INOCULATION EFFECT OF ROOT NODULE NON RHIZOBIAL ENDOPHYTES AND Rhizobium IN GREEN GRAM (Vigna radiata L.)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2019) Archana Maruti Dhole; Mrs. H. N. ShelatPresent research was carried out to isolate, characterize and investigate Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) traits of Non Rhizobial Endophytes (NRE) and Rhizobium from root nodules of green gram as well as well as to ascertain their co-inoculation effect in pot and field conditions. Totally, 53 bacteria were isolated from root nodule of green gram collected from five different farms of Anand Agricultural University. Based on screening for antifungal activity, phosphate solubilisation, IAA production and ARDRA profile, two NRE and one rhizobial type isolates were selected and identified through partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Bacillus cereus AAU B6 (MH701892), Bacillus tequilensis AAU B12 (MH701893) and Rhizobium phaseoli AAU B3 (MH701891)ThesisItem Open Access PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOSPHERIC BACTERIAL ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSORTIUM DEVELOPMENT FOR POTASH MOBILIZATION AND ITS EFFICACY IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, ANAND, 2018) Patel Ankitkumar Subhashbhai; Mrs. H. N. ShelatSeries of experiments were carried out to explore plant growth promoting abilities of native rhizospheric potash mobilizing bacterial (KMB) isolates. Total 116 bacteria were isolated, wherein 42 isolates showed prominent efficiency of K mobilization, from which, 17 prominent cultures were selected on the basis of the highest zone of solubilization on Aleksandrov agar supplemented with mica. Isolate M-2 gave the highest potash solubilizing index 8.0 and K release 21.41 μg/ml at 4 days after inoculation in Aleksandrov broth. All the 17 KMB isolates exhibited organic acid and capsular polysaccharides production out of which 14 isolates were positive for acidic exo-polysaccharides.ThesisItem Open Access ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS AND ASCERTAIN THEIR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING EFFICACY IN ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA (L.) DUNAL)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2018) Ramanuj Krupali Bharatkumar; Mrs. H.N. ShelatResearch was carried out to isolate endophytic bacteria from different parts of medicinal plants on various nutrient media and their plant growth promoting abilities was explored at Anand Agricultural University. Out of thirty isolates, five the best cultures were selected on the basis of plant growth promoting abilities viz. phosphate solubilisation, potash mobilization, IAA production, production of various enzymes like ACC-deaminase, cellulase, protease, lipase, chitinase and biocontrol activity against phytopathogenic fungi viz. Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger and Macrophomina phaseolina.ThesisItem Open Access CONSORTIUM DEVELOPMENT FROM PHYLLOSPHERIC AND RHIZOSPHERIC METHYLOTROPHIC BACTERIA OF PADDY AS LIQUID PLANT PROBIOTICS AND ITS EFFICACY ON CV. GURJARI(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) Prajapati Ronakkumar Rameshbhai; Dr. R. V. VyasPhyllospheric methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from leaf surface of paddy from Anand, Thasra and Nawagam Tehshil on NMS medium supplemented with methanol (1%) by Leaf imprinting technique. Three native phyllospheric efficient methylotrophic bacterial isolates (M 3, M 10 and M 15) selected for detailed studies and found compatible with three rhizospheric methylotrophic bacteria (AAU reference strains) viz. Bacillus aerius AAU M 8, Panibacillus illinoisensis AAU M 17 and B. megaterium AAU M 29, and were used for consortium development to test its efficacy on paddy cv. Gurjari. Screening and characterization through 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to identify three selected isolates.ThesisItem Open Access EFFICACY OF NATIVE PGPR CONSORTIUM AND FORTIFIED FORMULATIONS BY PHYTOEXTRACTS FOR MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE DISEASE COMPLEX WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ROOT KNOT NEMATODE IN CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) Panpatte Deepak Gopalrao; Mrs. H. N. ShelatResearch was carried out to develop fortified formulation comprising of bacterial strains Providencia vermicola AAU PR1 (NCBI ACCN: KJ161325), Pseudomonas putida AAU PR2 (NCBI ACCN: KJ161326) and Pseudomonas fluorescens AAU PR3 (NCBI ACCN: KJ161327) with extracts of botanicals viz. A. indica (neem), I. carnea (besharam) and B. juncea (mustard cake) having biocontrol activity. Individual bacterial strains were found compatible with each other as well as phyto-extracts up to 10% aqueous concentration; rather there was an increase in population of bacterial count in presence of phyto-extracts. Fortified PGPR consortium was prepared having initial bacterial count 1.3 x109 and its longevity studied for 12 months maintaining count up to 7.3 x 107 cfu/ml.ThesisItem Open Access Development of Azospirillum liquid bio-inoculants fortified with micronutrients and their assessment on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)(AAU, Anand, 2013) GUPTA, DIPMALA GOPALBHAI; VYAS, R. V.Present research was carried out to isolate efficient Azospirillum cultures from soil samples of two different locations practicing organic farming viz. Kathwada (Ahmedabad) and Ravipura (Anand). Three strains were screened out from two locations soil. All three native Azospirillum isolates were characterized based on their morphological, biochemical and physiological nature. Isolates As-1, As-2 and As-3 were found gram negative, curved motile rods with optimum pH range 4 to 8 and salt tolerance up to 5 % NaCl concentration. In vitro compatibility of Azospirillum isolates with micronutrients was assessed through qualitative 100 ppm and quantitative tests recommendation dose concentration of micronutrients indicated compatibility with all isolates. In vitro studies on PGPR traits of native potential Azospirillum isolates demonstrated that nitrogen fixing potentiality of these isolates were ranged from 11.1 to 25.0 mg N2 fixed/g of sucrose consumed. Estimation of phosphate solubilization capacity in the liquid medium revealed that all the strains released P from tri calcium phosphate (TCP) and isolate As-3 recorded maximum soluble phosphorous (20.8 µg/ml) at 3 DAI. Among isolates, As-1 and ASA-1 (standard strain) are able to solubilize zinc oxide. lAA production was recorded by all three isolates of Azospirillum at 5 DAI, ranged from 0.30 to 25.85 µg/ml lAA in tryptophan supplemented media. Isolates As-2 and standard ASA-1 showed ACC deaminase enzyme production. Isolate As-1 and As-3 produced yellow-orange color zone on CAS agar plate showing siderophore production. Among the tested isolates, As-2 found to possess cellulase, lipase and chitinase enzyme, while isolate As-1 was found to produce cellulase and lipase enzyme, whereas As-3 showed lipase and chitinase enzyme and among standard strain ASA-1 showed lipase, protease and chitinase activity. Isolate As-1 showed inhibition of Aspergillus and Fusarium and As-2 showed inhibition of all tested plant pathogenic fungi and isolate As-3 inhibited M. phaseolina and standard strain ASA-1 showed inhibition of Fusarium and M. phaseolina. All isolates showed varied results for PGPR activity. Isolate As-1 showed 69% PGPR activity, As-2 has 77% and As-3 has 54% and standard strain ASA-1 has 77 % activity. Cyst based formulation of Azospirillum isolates fortified with micronutrients at desired concentrations showed self-life up to 12 months of storage with 10 to power 8 cell cfu/ml. In laboratory assay on tomato, all native Azospirillum isolates and standard checks showed better growth over un-inoculated control. In pot experiment isolate As-2 along with micronutrient + 75 % RDF was found better to promote different growth parameters of tomato by seed and soil application methods during Kharif 2011 and 2012. Among the application methods, seed application showed better performance. In nursery experiment, also the isolate As-2 along with micronutrient + 75% RDF was found better to promote different growth parameters of tomato during Kharif 2011 and 2012. Micronutrient analysis of plant showed that, mobilization of micronutrient occurred in tomato seedlings when treated with Azospirillum + micronutrients and also showed 25 % possible saving of 'N' fertilizer. Entire consequence of experimentations signifies that, Azospirillum isolate As-2 possesses multiple plant growth promotion traits with best potency on tomato pots and nursery and also found to mobilize micronutrients in tomato seedlings.ThesisItem Open Access ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA COMPRISING PGPR TRAITS FROM CULTIVATED AS WELL AS NON-CULTIVATED SOIL(AAU, Anand, 2012) PATEL, HIREN KUNDANBHAI; VYAS, R. V.Series of experiments were carried out to investigate P solubilization and plant growth promoting abilities of native PSB isolates obtained from cultivated as well as non-cultivated soils of Anand and Panchmahal-Vadodara hilly mining regions. Out of 115 suspected bacterial cultures isolated by modified Sperber's technique, 14 were found efficient for in vitro P solubilization and from which four prominent isolates were selected for further studies based on their efficiency to solubilize P substrates, tri calcium phosphate (TCP) and rock phosphate (RP). Isolate P 19 was most efficient for TCP and RP solubilization, making available 954.76 and 283.03 µg/ml free P. HPLC analysis revealed that P 19 was producing maximum 35,708.78 µg/ml total organic acid amongst four isolates in liquid medium. PSB isolates were characterized through morphological, biochemical as well as molecular methods. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis designated native isolates, A 37 as Burkholdeha sp., A 39 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P 19 as Burkholderia cepacia and P 23 as Bacillus circulans. They were able to tolerate wide range of pH, NaCl concentrations and antibiotics. Additionally, Burkholderia sp. (A 37 & P 19) were found positive for nifH gene with production of IAA up to 58.34 µg/ml. All the four isolates were found positive for PGPR traits like ACC deaminase production, insoluble potash solubilization, siderophore production as well as lytic enzyme production with growth inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi. Among the tested isolates B. cepacia P 19 inhibited 44 % growth of Macrophomina phaseolina. PSB isolates showed significant growth enhancement of soybean in laboratory and pot conditions. In pots, seed + soil and seed + soil + foliar applications of B. cepacia P 19 showed significant growth enhancement over untreated control with 25 % reduction in chemical P fertilizer.ThesisItem Open Access CONSORTIUM DEVELOPMENT FROM PHYLLOSPHERIC AND RHIZOSPHERIC METHYLOTROPHIC BACTERIA OF PADDY AS LIQUID PLANT PROBIOTICS AND ITS EFFICACY ON CV. GURJARI(AAU, Anand, 2017) PRAJAPATI RONAKKUMAR RAMESHBHAI; Dr. R. V. VyasPhyllospheric methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from leaf surface of paddy from Anand, Thasra and Nawagam Tehshil on NMS medium supplemented with methanol (1%) by Leaf imprinting technique. Three native phyllospheric efficient methylotrophic bacterial isolates (M 3, M 10 and M 15) selected for detailed studies and found compatible with three rhizospheric methylotrophic bacteria (AAU reference strains) viz. Bacillus aerius AAU M 8, Panibacillus illinoisensis AAU M 17 and B. megaterium AAU M 29, and were used for consortium development to test its efficacy on paddy cv. Gurjari. Screening and characterization through 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to identify three selected isolates. Beneficial native phyllospheric methylotrophic bacteria have additional ability to promote plant growth through one or more mechanisms (PGPR traits) viz. phosphorus and potash solubilization; ii production of phytohormones like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores production; tolerance to high pH and protection against pathogenic fungi as antagonist and possessing nifH gene for nitrogen fixation. Production of useful enzymes by isolates like methane degradation sMMO and MDH, as well as lipase and protease were confirmed in the laboratory. Plant growth promotion activity of phyllospheric methylotrophic bacterial isolates was studied in vitro through seed treatment of rice seeds were found to improve germination with better root and shoot. The experiment laid out in Randomized block design with four replication at Agricultural Research Station for irrigated crops, Thasra during 2014 and 2015. The treatments comprised of (T1: 100% RDF, T2: 80% RDF, T3: 60% RDF, T4: 80% RDF + consortium, T5: 60% RDF + consortium, T6: Only consortium and T7: Absolute control). The results indicated that T4 treatment showed significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height, chlorophyll content, number of effective tiller/plant, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, yield attributing component viz. number of penicle/hill, length of penicle, number of grain/penicle, grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and higher methylobacterium count with better net return and saving of NPK chemical fertilizers (20%) followed by T1, T2 and T5 treatments over control.ThesisItem Open Access CONSORTIUM DEVELOPMENT FROM PHYLLOSPHERIC AND RHIZOSPHERIC METHYLOTROPHIC BACTERIA OF PADDY AS LIQUID PLANT PROBIOTICS AND ITS EFFICACY ON CV. GURJARI(AAU, Anand, 2017) PRAJAPATI RONAKKUMAR RAMESHBHAI; Dr. R. V. VyasPhyllospheric methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from leaf surface of paddy from Anand, Thasra and Nawagam Tehshil on NMS medium supplemented with methanol (1%) by Leaf imprinting technique. Three native phyllospheric efficient methylotrophic bacterial isolates (M 3, M 10 and M 15) selected for detailed studies and found compatible with three rhizospheric methylotrophic bacteria (AAU reference strains) viz. Bacillus aerius AAU M 8, Panibacillus illinoisensis AAU M 17 and B. megaterium AAU M 29, and were used for consortium development to test its efficacy on paddy cv. Gurjari. Screening and characterization through 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to identify three selected isolates. Beneficial native phyllospheric methylotrophic bacteria have additional ability to promote plant growth through one or more mechanisms (PGPR traits) viz. phosphorus and potash solubilization; ii production of phytohormones like indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores production; tolerance to high pH and protection against pathogenic fungi as antagonist and possessing nifH gene for nitrogen fixation. Production of useful enzymes by isolates like methane degradation sMMO and MDH, as well as lipase and protease were confirmed in the laboratory. Plant growth promotion activity of phyllospheric methylotrophic bacterial isolates was studied in vitro through seed treatment of rice seeds were found to improve germination with better root and shoot. The experiment laid out in Randomized block design with four replication at Agricultural Research Station for irrigated crops, Thasra during 2014 and 2015. The treatments comprised of (T1: 100% RDF, T2: 80% RDF, T3: 60% RDF, T4: 80% RDF + consortium, T5: 60% RDF + consortium, T6: Only consortium and T7: Absolute control). The results indicated that T4 treatment showed significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height, chlorophyll content, number of effective tiller/plant, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, yield attributing component viz. number of penicle/hill, length of penicle, number of grain/penicle, grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and higher methylobacterium count with better net return and saving of NPK chemical fertilizers (20%) followed by T1, T2 and T5 treatments over control.