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Subject: Poultry Science ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF FEEDING NEEM, GINGER AND GARLIC POWDER ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, LIPID PROFILE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE IN GIRIRAJA BIRDS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR – 585 226, 2022) TEJASHREE, L.; H.C. INDRESH
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding neem, ginger and garlic powder on growth performance, lipid profile and immune response in Giriraja birds. A total of 150 day old Giriraja birds were procured and allocated to five experimental groups each consisting of three replicates with ten chicks each. Experimental diets for broiler starter and finisher rations were formulated as per the ICAR (2013) standards.The basal diet (control) T1 was prepared using corn and soyabean meal (as per requirement) without supplementation of garlic, neem and ginger for day 1 to 56 days of experimental period. The experimental diets T2, T3, T4 and T5 were prepared by incorporating basal diet+ 0.5 % garlic powder, basal diet + 0.5 % neem powder, basal diet + 1 % ginger and basal diet + 0.5 % garlic powder + 0.5 % neem powder + 1 % ginger powder, respectively. The results revealed that feeding neem, ginger and garlic powder individually and also in combination resulted in significant improvement in body weight, feed intake and feed efficiency whereas survivability showed no significant difference among different treatment groups. No significant improvement on immune response against Newcastle disease. But significant difference was observed in Infectious bursal disease on the 56th day of the experiment and also showed non-significant (P > 0.05) difference on immune organs weight of birds fed with different treatment groups except Bursa of fabricius which was significant in group fed with 1 % ginger and combination. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein and meat cholesterol was observed. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in E. Coli count compared to control group was observed whereas Lactobacillus count was significantly increased in the groups fed with garlic, neem, ginger and in combination. Significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in carcass characteristics like dressing percentage, breast yield, thigh yield and abdominal fat per cent was observed and no significant difference (P > 0.05) in gizzard, drumstick yield, heart, liver and proventriculus of birds. Based on the above result it was concluded that inclusion of garlic, neem and ginger powder and combination was beneficial in improving growth performance, gut health, carcass characteristics and lowering serum cholesterol in Giriraja birds. However feeding of 1 % ginger and combination of 0.5 % garlic powder, 0.5 % neem powder, 1 % ginger powder have more beneficial effects in Giriraja birds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF FEEDING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF MORINGA LEAF POWDER ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE STATUS AND GUT HEALTH IN RAJA II BROILER CHICKEN
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR –, 2022) SUDHARSHAN K; T.N. KRISHNAMURTHY
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding different levels of Moringa leaf powder on growth performance, immune status and gut health in Raja II broiler chicken. A total of 150 one day old Raja II broiler chicks were distributed into five treatment groups with three replicates in each group and ten chicks in each replicate. Basal diet (T1) prepared following ICAR standards and the experimental diets were prepared by incorporating moringa leaf powder at 2.5 per cent (T2), 5 per cent (T3), 7.5 per cent (T4) and 10 per cent (T5). The results revealed that feeding moringa at 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent resulted in significant difference in body weight, feed intake and feed efficiency and no significant difference in survivability. No significant improvement on immune response against Newcastle disease and Infectious bursal disease on the 42nd day of the experiment and also non-significant difference on immune organ weight. Significant reduction in serum cholesterol and triglycerides in experimental diet containing 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent of moringa leaf meal compared to 2.5 percent moringa leaf meal and control group whereas rest of the serum biochemical parameters viz., LDL and HDL showed no significant difference among different treatment groups when compared to control group. Inclusion of moringa at 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent revealed significant reduction in E. coli count and significantly increased Lactobacillus count compared to control and 2.5 percent moringa fed group. Significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in carcass characteristics like dressing percentage, breast yield, drumstick yield, abdominal fat percentage and gizzard at 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent MOLM when compared to control and 2.5 per cent moringa leaf meal and non-significant difference (P > 0.05) in thigh yield, weight of heart, liver and proventriculus was observed. Based on the above result it was concluded that inclusion of moringa leaf powder at 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent level was beneficial in improving growth performance, gut health, carcass characteristics, lowering serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides in Raja II broiler birds but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) among 5, 7.5 and 10 per cent level of moringa leaf powder, hence it was concluded that limiting 5 per cent rather than higher per cent of MOLM will be beneficial in improving growth performance, gut health, carcass characteristics, lowering serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides in Raja II broiler
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF REARING GIRIRAJA CHICKEN IN BAGALKOT DISTRICT OF NORTHERN KARNATAKA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR – 585 226, 2022) SHIVARAJ. K. KATAKBHAVI; H. C. INDRESH
    Data on profile characteristics of farmers, priorities for adoption, household nutritional security, gender issues, socio-economical contribution and constraints involved in rearing Giriraja chicken were collected from 600 respondents in Bagalkot District of Karnataka State was analyzed. Majority of the respondents were middle aged, women, literates, nuclear families with average family size of 5.64 and belong to other backward classes. Majority of them were marginal farmers followed by small farmers with agriculture and animal husbandry as primary and subsidiary occupations, respectively. Majority of them were having experience in rearing Giriraja chicken. The practices of supplementary feeding; vaccination and treatment; low cost housing or night shelter; and cleaning or disinfection of night shelter were well received and adopted by respondents, while chick production and recycling and brooding of day old chicks were not adopted. The overall adoption behavior of Giriraja chicken was medium with significant (p<0.0001) difference in change in flock size. Considerable nutritional and socio-economic contribution of Giriraja chicken has been reported by majority of respondents. On an average each respondent was consuming 12 gram of chicken and 5.6 eggs per week. The distributional benefits of income through rearing Giriraja chicken were wide and well recognized. Non availability of Giriraja chicks at nearest place, unawareness about proper brooding technique were the major constraints and training on Giriraja chicken rearing, regular chick supply, provision of low cost feed supplements on subsidy and extending mini-incubator facilities to the farmers at subsidy cost were the major suggestions perceived by the respondents. The related implications for further diffusion of Giriraja chicken into the social system were discussed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR – 585 226, 2022) SANGAMESH ANGADI; MALATHI, V.
    The effects of supplementation of fibrolytic enzymes on growth performance, carcass characteristics, biochemical parameters and immune status were studied in broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. A total of 156 day old straight run broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatment groups viz., Control (Basal diet) (T1), Basal diet + combination of fibrolytic enzymes @ 250 g/ton of feed (T2), Basal diet + combination of fibrolytic enzymes @ 500 g/ton of feed (T3) and Basal diet + combination of fibrolytic enzymes @ 750 g/ton of feed (T4). The supplementation of different levels of fibrolytic enzymes in broiler diets revealed significant improvement (P≤0.05) in the body weight during the 6th week of experimental period. The average body weight (g) of broilers at the end of experimental period (6th week) were 2172.57±62.32, 2534.46±47.01, 2369.97±45.05 and 2431.76±49.25 in control, T2, T3 and T4 groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in feed consumption and feed conversion ratio among treatment groups. At end of the trial, the effects of supplementation of fibrolytic enzymes on carcass characteristics (mean dressing percentage, mean giblets weight and mean abdominal fat per cent), immune status (mean lymphoid organs weight and antibody titers against NDV and IBDV) and biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and liver enzymes) did not differ significantly (P˃0.05) among the treatment groups. The results indicated that fibrolytic enzymes had a better effect on body weight in broilers. Keywords: Broilers, Combination of fibrolytic enzymes, Carcass, Biochemical profile
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF MAIZE WITH GRADED LEVELS OF MANGO-SEED KERNEL POWDER ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND GUT HEALTH IN GIRIRAJA BIRDS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR – 585 226, 2022) GOVINDAPPA P; H. C. INDRESH
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of replacement of maize with graded levels of mango-seed kernel powder on growth performance, gut health and carcass characteristics in Giriraja birds during 1 to 8 weeks of age. A total of 150 one day old Giriraja chicks were distributed into five treatment groups with three replicates in each group and ten chicks in each replicate. Basal diet (T1) prepared following ICAR (2013) and the experimental diets were prepared by replacing maize with mango-seed kernel powder at 2.5 per cent in T2, 5 per cent in T3, 7.5 per cent in T4 and 10 per cent in T5, respectively. The results revealed that non significant (P > 0.05) difference in body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency and survivability among control and treatment groups. No significant (P > 0.05) improvement on immune response against Newcastle disease and Infectious bursal disease on the 56th day of the experiment and also non-significant (P > 0.05) difference on immune organ weight. Serum biochemical parameters viz., total protein, albumin and globulin showed no significant (P > 0.05) difference among different treatment groups when compared to control group. The results revealed that non significant (P > 0.05) difference in E. Coli count and Lactobacillus count compared to control and other treatment group. Non-significant difference (P > 0.05) in carcass characteristics like dressing percentage, breast yield, thigh yield, gizzard and also in abdominal fat percent, drumstick yield and weight of heart, liver and proventriculus was observed. Based on the above results it was concluded that maize can be replaced with mango-seed kernel powder up to 10 per cent in a diet without any adverse effects on growth performance, gut health and carcass characteristics in Giriraja birds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SUPPLEMENTATION OF Asparagus racemosus (SHATAVARI) ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE STATUS, GUT HEALTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS IN GIRIRAJA BIRDS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, NANDINAGAR, BIDAR-585 401, 2021-03) BHARATH KUMAR N
    An experiment was conducted to study the supplementation of Asparagus racemosus on growth performance, immune status, gut health and carcass characteristics in Giriraja birds. A total of 150 day old Giriraja chicks were distributed into five treatment groups with three replicates in each group and ten chicks in each replicate. Basal diet (T1) and the experimental diets were prepared by incorporating Shatavari at 0.25 per cent (T2), Shatavari at 0.50 per cent (T3), Shatavari at 1.0 per cent (T4) and Shatavari at 1.50 per cent (T5). The results revealed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher body weight, lower feed intake and better feed efficiency compared to control and no significant (P > 0.05) difference in survivability among treatment groups compared to control. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) improvement on immune response against Infectious bursal disease and no significant (P > 0.05) difference on immune response against Newcastle disease was observed. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) increased in weight of bursa of fabricius and non-significant (P > 0.05) difference observed in weight of spleen and thymus. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower serum cholesterol levels and LDL values observed in test diet compared to control group and no significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference observed in HDL. Supplementation of Asparagus racemosus at 1.0 per cent revealed low E. Coli counts and high Lactobacillus spp. counts. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in dressing percentage, breast yield, thigh yield and weight of gizzard, respectively in test diet and non-significant (P > 0.05) difference in abdominal fat percent, drumstick yield and weight of heart, liver, kidney and proventriculus. Based on the above result it was concluded that supplementation of Asparagus racemosus at 1.0 or 1.50 per cent was beneficial in improving body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, immune response, gut health, carcass characteristics and lowering the serum cholesterol content in Giriraja birds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SWARNADHARA BREEDERS FED LOW NON-PHYTATE PHOSPHORUS DIET
    (VETERINARY COLLEGE, HEBBAL, BANGALORE KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585401, 2021-01) SREEDHARA, J. N.; AYANAIK
    Two biological trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase supplementation on growth performance, fertility, hatchability, egg quality parameters, phosphorus retention in Swarnadhara breeders reared from 29th to 48th week and progeny performance up to 6 week. Both trials had 5 treatments with 450 birds (90 birds per treatment) in the trial I and 500 birds (100 birds per treatment) in the trial II. Control diet was formulated according to ICAR (2013) nutrient requirements and the group T2 to T5 had available phosphorus levels viz.,0.12 % in T2, 0.18 % in T3, 0.12 % with 500 IU/kg phytase in T4 and 0.18 % with 500 IU/kg phytase in T5. Weight gain, hen day egg production, shape index, albumen index, yolk index, Haugh unit score, fertility, hatchability, serum calcium and phosphorus, survivability and feed cost per egg produced were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by phytase supplementation. Egg weight was significantly (P <0.05) higher in phase I, III and IV in phytase supplemented groups. Phytase supplementation significantly (P <0.05) reduced nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus (P) excretion and increased (P<0.05) retention of the same and also improved the bone phosphorus per cent in T4 and T5. Shell weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in phytase supplemented groups compared to control in Phase III and IV. Similarly, shell thickness was higher (P<0.05) in phytase supplemented groups compared to control during Phase IV. Cumulative body weight in Swarnadhara chicks in trial II were significantly (P <0.05) higher during week V and VI and survivability in progeny was not significant. However, antibody titre against NDV in progeny was significantly (P <0.05) higher in T5 and lowest in control group. Phytase supplementation improved the shell thickness, shell weight, bone phosphorus, nutrient availability and significantly reduced P excretion in Swarnadhara breeders and improved their progeny performance. Phytase supplementation can reduce the NPP level (0.12 %) in the diet without affecting the egg production and egg quality. Available P level of 0.12 % with phytase is optimum for Swarnadhara breeders to maintain egg production and egg quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETERMINATION OF BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF YEAST CELL WALL EXTRACT IN BROILERS FED DIET CONTAMINATED WITH T-2 TOXIN
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY ANIMAL FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY., 2020) MOHAMMED UBAID AHMED
    An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) on growth performance, organ weights, immune status, serum biochemical and histopathological changes in broilers fed on diets containing 0 ppm and 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin. A total of 240 one-day old commercial male broiler chicks were divided at random into 4 dietary treatment groups each having 5 replicates of 12 chicks each; T1 (control), T2 (basal diet + 0.1 % YCWE), T3 (basal diet + 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin) and T4 (basal diet + 0.5 ppm T 2 toxin + 0.1 % YCWE). Suppl
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETERMINATION OF BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF YEAST CELL WALL EXTRACT IN BROILERS FED DIET CONTAMINATED WITH T-2 TOXIN
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-02) MOHAMMED UBAID AHMED; Dr. JAYANAIK
    An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) on growth performance, organ weights, immune status, serum biochemical and histopathological changes in broilers fed on diets containing 0 ppm and 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin. A total of 240 one-day old commercial male broiler chicks were divided at random into 4 dietary treatment groups each having 5 replicates of 12 chicks each; T1 (control), T2 (basal diet + 0.1 % YCWE), T3 (basal diet + 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin) and T4 (basal diet + 0.5 ppm T 2 toxin + 0.1 % YCWE). Supplementation of 0.1 % YCWE in basal diet (T2) had no adverse effects. Feeding diet contaminated with 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin caused significant reduction in bodyweight and poor FCR. The serum levels of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, anti body titres against NDV and IBDV were significantly reduced whereas, there was a significant increase in the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transamin