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Subject: Aquaculture ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECTS OF DIETARY INCORPORATION OF ORGANIC ACID SALT, SODIUM BUTYRATE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE RESPONSE, DISEASE RESISTANCE AND GUT HISTOLOGY IN AMUR COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO HAEMATOPTERUS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) WALDE SWAPNIL GOPAL; MANJAPPA
    Organic acids in various forms can be used as dietary supplements in aquaculture. The present study was conducted to evaluate the use of a sodium butyrate as a feed additive to enhance growth and health in Amur common carp. A total of 180 healthy Cyprinus carpio haematopterus fingerlings with an average body weight of 4 ± 0.5 g (mean ± SE) were randomly divided into four equal groups (T0, T1, T2, and T3). T0 was fed with basal diet with no organic acid additive taken as the control group, while T1, T2, and T3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 g/kg of sodium butyrate salt respectively. Each group was subdivided in three, with 15 fish in each replication. After 90 days, the growth and survival performance of Amur common carp fingerlings, as well as immunology, infection resistance, body composition, and gut histology, were assessed. T3 had significant (p<0.05) improvements in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and food conversion ratio (FCR) at the end of the feeding period compared to the other groups. T3 had the highest superoxide anion activity and lysozyme activity after 90 days. T3 groups had the highest protein and fat levels throughout their bodies. The widest inhibition zones against Aeromonas hydrophila were at the 30, 40 and 50% concentrations of sodium butyrate. The best protection against challenged Aeromonas hydrophila was in T3. The study indicates the efficacy of addition of sodium butyrate in enhancing the growth and health in Amur common carp, Cyprinus carpio haematopterus. The treatments improved the histological architecture and cellular components of the intestine compared to the control. The study shows that adding sodium butyrate to Amur common carp Cyprinus carpio haematopterus improves their growth and health.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DIETARY INCORPORATION OF ORGANIC ACID SALT, SODIUM ACETATE ON GUT HISTOLOGY AND IMMUNOMODULATION IN INDIAN MAJOR CARP LABEO ROHITA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR., 2021) SURYAKIRAN, M.,; GANAP[ATHINAIK
    Organic acids in various forms can be used as dietary supplements in aquaculture. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of an acetic acid salt, sodium acetate as a feed additive to enhance growth and health in rohu fish. A total of 120 healthy Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average body weight of 5.0 ± 0.5 g (mean SE) were randomly divided into four equal groups (F0, F1, F2, and F3). F0 was fed a basal diet with no organic acid additive taken as the control group, while F1, F2, and F3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 g/kg of sodium acetate salt, respectively. Each group was subdivided in triplicate with 10 fish in each tank. The experimental fish was evaluated after 90 days for growth performance, hematology, immunology, resistance to infection, body composition, gut and liver histology. At the end of the feeding trail, F2 and F3 had significant improvements in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with other groups. The total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and total leukocyte count were significantly increased in F2 and F3 compared to F0 and F1. There were significant differences among the groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration with F2 as highest. After 90 days. F2 and F1 showed highest superoxide anion activity, lysozyme activity, and total serum protein. The lowest values for immune parameters were recorded in F0. The protein and fat contents of the whole body were the highest in F2 followed by F1 groups. The best protection against challenged Aeromonas hydrophila was in F2 followed by F1 groups. The histological architecture and cellular components of gut showed an improvement in the treatments over the control. The study indicates the efficacy of addition of sodium acetate in enhancing the growth and health in rohu fish Labeo rohita.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIETARY PREBIOTIC INULIN ON THE GROWTH, SURVIVAL, IMMUNE RESPONSE, DISEASE RESISTANCE AND HAEMATOLOGY IN AMUR COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO HAEMATOPTERUS)
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR., 2022) PAVAN KUMAR, P.,; Manjappa
    Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. There is a need for enhanced disease resistance, feed efficiency and growth performance of cultured fish species. Dietary supplementation of different feed additives e.g., immunostimulants, probiotics and prebiotics usually in small quantities for the purpose of fortifying it with certain nutrients have been found to be beneficial for improving immune status, feed efficiency and growth performance of finfishes. The study on performance of prebiotic inulin on fish health and growth in Amur common carp were investigated for a period of 90 days. The basal diet in all trials (30% protein) was incorporated with different levels of prebiotic inulin at 5g/kg (T1), 10g/kg (T2), 15g/kg (T3) in triplicates with control diets devoid of inulin. 15 numbers of Amur common carp fingerlings (4±0.5g) were stocked in FRP and fed with 5% experimental diet for a period of 90 days and evaluated for growth performance, hematology, immune response and disease resistance against A. hydrophila. The growth parameters such as weight gain, SGR, FCR, PER and survival was found higher in T2 (inulin at 1%) and showed significant difference between treatment and control group. The treatment T2 fed fish showed higher immune parameters such as NBT assay, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, serum albumin, serum globulin. Highest serum protein and albumin and globulin ratio was observed in T0(control). Fishes challenged against A. hydrophila after 90 days feeding, where, T2 fed fish showed significantly higher resistance than other treatment and control group. The hematological parameters such as RBC, WBC, haemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC showed no significant difference but higher in T2. Among the tested doses, there was no harm or inefficient effects and appear to be safe for usage in fish feeds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT OF SURVIVAL RATE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN THE NURSERY REARING OF AMUR COMMON CARP, CYPRINUS CARPIO HAEMATOPTERUS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) PARVIND KUMAR; MANJAPPA
    The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of different stocking densities and protein percentage in the nursery rearing of Amur common carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). The experiment was carried out in two stages viz., spawn to fry and fry to fingerling. The growth results of spawn to fry showed maximum average weight in treatment T2 (190 mg - mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers) followed by T1 (140 mg - mixture of GOC and cow dung), t3 (140 mg-cow dung + SSP and Urea) and control groups T0 (50 mg - cow dung). There was significant difference (P<0.05) observed in between the treatments and control. The survival percentage was observed high in T2 (42.98%) followed by T3 (41.01%), T1 (40.18%) and T0 (34.08%). The better growth and survival in nursery rearing from fry to fingerling for a period of 60 days was observed in T1 (40% protein feed) followed by T0 (35% protein feed) and T2 (30% protein feed). The water quality parameters recorded during the study period and found suitable for seed rearing. High average phytoplankton density (64-140 Nos/l) and zooplankton (59-67 Nos/l) was observed. The result of current experiment clearly demonstrates that use of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture was suitable in spawn to fry development and 40% protein feed helped in better growth and survival from fry to fingerling of Amur carp. Keywords: Amur carp, Spawn to fry, Fry to fingerling, Physico-chemical characteristics
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECTS OF SODIUM PROPIONATE AS GROWTH STIMULANT AND IMMUNOMODULATOR IN THE DIET OF INDIAN MAJOR CARP LABEO ROHITA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR., 2021) KANTHA RAJA, P.,; ganapathi naik
    This study was conducted to evaluate the use of a propionic acid salt, sodium propionate as a feed additive to enhance growth and health in rohu fish. A total of 120 healthy Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average body weight of 7.5 ± 0.5 g (mean SE) were randomly divided into four equal groups (F0, FI, F2, and F3). F0 was fed a basal diet with no organic acid additive taken as the control group, while FI, F2, and F3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 g/kg of sodium propionate salt, respectively. Each group was subdivided in triplicate with 10 fish in each tank. The experimental fish was evaluated after 90 days for growth performance, hematology. Immunology, resistance to infection, body composition, gut and liver histology. At the end of the feeding trail. F2 and F3 had significant improvements in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with other groups. The total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and total leukocyte count were significantly increased in F2 and F3 compared to F0 and F1. There were significant differences among the groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration with F3 as highest. After 90 days. F2 and F3 showed highest superoxide anion activity, lysozyme activity, and total serum protein. The lowest values for immune parameters were recorded in F0. The protein and fat contents of the whole body were the highest in F3 followed by F2 groups. The best protection against challenged Aeromonas hydrophila was in F3 followed by F2 groups. The histological architecture and cellular components of gut showed an improvement in the treatments over the control. The study indicates the efficacy of addition of sodium propionate in enhancing the growth and health in rohu fish Labeo rohita.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIETARY NONI (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE RESPONSE, DISEASE RESISTANCE AND GUT HISTOLOGY OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO)
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) JYOTI; ganapathi naik
    Aquaculture has been growing rapidly for food production in the last few decades. Several commercial fish species have been intensively cultured under conditions of overcrowding or high density, perhaps resulting in a stressful environment and infectious diseases. Fish farmers continue to use large amounts of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. Continuous use of antibiotics, on the other hand, results in drug-resistant bacteria, bioaccumulation and pollution of the environment. Many medicinal herbs have developed effective defences against pathogenic bacteria and there is growing interest in them as natural antibacterial agents. In this context, the 90 days study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary noni (Morinda citrifolia) on growth performance, immune response, disease resistance and gut histology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The basal diet in all trials (30% protein) was incorporated with different levels of noni fruit juice at the rate of 100 ml (T1), 300 ml (T2) and 500 ml / kg (T3) feed respectively in triplicates with control diet (T0) without noni fruit juice. The results showed 100% survival rate in all the groups. At the end of feeding trial T2 showed a significant improved (p ˂ 0.05) improvement in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein retention (PR), better feed conversion ratio compared to control group. Superoxide anion production higher in T2 & lysozyme activity wassignificantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) in T2 compared to other treatments. The best protection challenged against A. hydrophila was in T2 with 100% survival rate. In gut histology, all treatments showed better architecture and control groups showed normal villi, villi height and crypt depth.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DIETARY INCORPORATION OF ORGANIC ACID SALT, SODIUM ACETATE ON GUT HISTOLOGY AND IMMUNOMODULATION IN INDIAN MAJOR CARP LABEO ROHITA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR., 2021) SURYAKIRAN, M.,; M.GANAPATHI
    Organic acids in various forms can be used as dietary supplements in aquaculture. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of an acetic acid salt, sodium acetate as a feed additive to enhance growth and health in rohu fish. A total of 120 healthy Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average body weight of 5.0 ± 0.5 g (mean SE) were randomly divided into four equal groups (F0, F1, F2, and F3). F0 was fed a basal diet with no organic acid additive taken as the control group, while F1, F2, and F3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 g/kg of sodium acetate salt, respectively. Each group was subdivided in triplicate with 10 fish in each tank. The experimental fish was evaluated after 90 days for growth performance, hematology, immunology, resistance to infection, body composition, gut and liver histology. At the end of the feeding trail, F2 and F3 had significant improvements in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with other groups. The total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and total leukocyte count were significantly increased in F2 and F3 compared to F0 and F1. There were significant differences among the groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration with F2 as highest. After 90 days. F2 and F1 showed highest superoxide anion activity, lysozyme activity, and total serum protein. The lowest values for immune parameters were recorded in F0. The protein and fat contents of the whole body were the highest in F2 followed by F1 groups. The best protection against challenged Aeromonas hydrophila was in F2 followed by F1 groups. The histological architecture and cellular components of gut showed an improvement in the treatments over the control. The study indicates the efficacy of addition of sodium acetate in enhancing the growth and health in rohu fish Labeo rohita.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECTS OF SODIUM PROPIONATE AS GROWTH STIMULANT AND IMMUNOMODULATOR IN THE DIET OF INDIAN MAJOR CARP LABEO ROHITA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR., 2021) KANTHA RAJA, P; M.GANAPATHI NAIK
    This study was conducted to evaluate the use of a propionic acid salt, sodium propionate as a feed additive to enhance growth and health in rohu fish. A total of 120 healthy Labeo rohita fingerlings with an average body weight of 7.5 ± 0.5 g (mean SE) were randomly divided into four equal groups (F0, FI, F2, and F3). F0 was fed a basal diet with no organic acid additive taken as the control group, while FI, F2, and F3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10, 20 and 30 g/kg of sodium propionate salt, respectively. Each group was subdivided in triplicate with 10 fish in each tank. The experimental fish was evaluated after 90 days for growth performance, hematology. Immunology, resistance to infection, body composition, gut and liver histology. At the end of the feeding trail. F2 and F3 had significant improvements in final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and food conversion ratio (FCR) compared with other groups. The total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and total leukocyte count were significantly increased in F2 and F3 compared to F0 and F1. There were significant differences among the groups in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration with F3 as highest. After 90 days. F2 and F3 showed highest superoxide anion activity, lysozyme activity, and total serum protein. The lowest values for immune parameters were recorded in F0. The protein and fat contents of the whole body were the highest in F3 followed by F2 groups. The best protection against challenged Aeromonas hydrophila was in F3 followed by F2 groups. The histological architecture and cellular components of gut showed an improvement in the treatments over the control. The study indicates the efficacy of addition of sodium propionate in enhancing the growth and health in rohu fish Labeo rohita
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SUBSTRATE ON HETEROTROPHIC FOOD PRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF LABEO FIMBRIATUS, BARBODES CARNATICUS AND MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021) PATKAR ADITI RAJAN; MANJAPPA N
    In search of low cost aqua farming, a range of substrate based aquatic system has been developed for both fin fish and shell fish culture which provides shelter and increases the periphyton production as food and thereby increases the production. The present study is aimed to assess the growth and survival of fish (Labeo fimbriatus, Borbodes carnaticus) and shell fish (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) in a substrate based system for a period of six months, where the sugarcane bagasse is used as a substrate for the growth of periphyton. The experiment was divided in three treatments, T1 (only substrate), T2 (substrate + feed) and T0 (control) with triplicates. At the end of the experiment, the growth results showed maximum average weight in T2 (L. fimbriatus 141.17 ± 0.66; B. carnaticus 98.07 ± 1.16 and M. rosenbergii 73.95 ± 0.73) compared with T1 and T0 and there is a significant difference (P<0.05) observed between the treatments, the survival percentage was observed high in T2 (89.81 %) followed by T1 (85.19%) and T0 (83.33 %). The yield (Kg/ha) is more in the T2 (932.65) than T1 (708.56) and T0 (728.89). Periphyton growth has influence the water quality parameters viz., pH (6.73 - 8.17), dissolved oxygen (6.70 - 8.50mg/l). Low concentration of Ammonia (0.068 - 0.140 mg/l) and Nitrite (0.046 - 0.082mg/l) was observed in substrate based ponds. The chlorophyll-a concentration was high in periphyton (0.25 - 3.97μg/cm2) than the plankton (0.58 - 2.64μg/l). The periphyton on substrate increased the protein content of the fish and prawn carcass. The results of the experiment showed that the use of sugarcane bagasse as a substrate not only helped for enhancement of growth, survival and production of the fish and prawn but lowered the levels of toxic NH3-N, NO2-N in water columns. Therefore this system is ecofriendly as limited water exchange is carried in this system. Use of substrate reduces the feed quantity so this technique is farmer’s friendly.