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Subject: Wildlife Management × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STANDARDIZATION OF GENETIC CAPTURE-MARK-RECAPTURE TECHNIQUE FOR POPULATION ESTIMATION IN ASIAN ELEPHANTS (Elephas maximus), USING SELECTED FIELD SITES IN KARNATAKA
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021) MARKAD MAYUR VILAS; NAVEEN KUMAR, S.
    A study was conducted to standardize Genetic Capture-Mark Recapture technique for population estimation of Asian elephants. Blood and dung samples were collected from 35 captive elephants of Mathigodu and Dubare camps for genetic diversity study and 138 dung samples were collected from the adjacent forest area of the Mathigodu camp for population density estimation. A panel of 10 microsatellite loci viz., LA04, EMU13, EMU07, EMU8, EMU14, EMU18, EMU02, EMU01, EMU11 and EMU03 were utilized for genotyping. The amplified PCR products were genotyped using an ABI Genetic Analyzer 3500XL. The genetic diversity parameters were estimated using CERVUS software package version 3.0. Out of 35 blood samples, 33.4 ± 0.49 samples showed genotyping results. The allele numbers ranged from 3 (LA04) to 6 (EMU07) with mean number of alleles of 4.3 ± 0.3. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.693 ± 0.06 and 0.654 ± 0.019, respectively. The mean PIC value was 0.586 ± 0.019 and the total combined probability of identity (PID) across all the loci was 4 x 10-8. Out of 35 dung samples, 23.8 ± 1.87 samples showed genotyping results. The allele numbers ranged from 3 (LA04) to 6 (EMU07) with mean number of alleles of 3.8 ± 0.29. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.624 ± 0.073 and 0.572 ± 0.024, respectively. The mean PIC value was 0.489 ± 0.023 and the total combined PID across all the loci was 1.5 x 10-6. Spatially Explicit Capture-Recapture (SECR) package of R statistical software was utilized to estimate the density. In the study area, 21 unique individuals were identified and the density was found to be 13.64 ± 3.68 elephants per 100 Sq. km.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ULTRASONOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN CHELONIANS AND THEIR CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) DIVYA GANESH; RAVI RAIDURG)
    The current study aims at evaluating the application of ultrasonographic techniques in chelonians, and to determine their possible clinica l utility. The study was conducted at the Tiger and Lion Safari, Tyavarekoppa in Shivamogga and Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Gardens, Mysuru. Anatomical features such as the body weight, carapace length, carapace width, height and chest girth of the chelonians (n 19) were studied and classified based on morphometric characteristics. The four species studied incl ude the Indian Black Pond Terrapin (n 11), the Indian Flapshell Turtle (n 2), the Indian Star Tortoise (n 4) and the Red eared Slider Terrapin (n 2). The chelonians were restrained in ventral recumbency for the procedure and ultrasound examination was condu cted through the cervico brachial and pre femoral acoustic windows using a high frequency micro convex probe (6 15 MHz). The location, size, shape, thickness and echotexture of different coelomic organs like the heart, liver, gall bladder, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, urinary bladder and gonads were recorded. Though n o pathological changes were ob served during examination, the recorded data provides a useful standard for comparison to diagnose pathological abnormalities of the coelomic organs in chelonians. Detection of the gonads using sonographic scanning in the Indian Flapshell Turtle proved a helpful identifier to sex specimens in individuals which display no sexual dimorphic characters.