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ThesisItem Open Access Toxicity studies of fungal isolates from sorghum straw in rats, mice and calves(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2006-11-03) NIRMALA G. C.; N. B. SHRIDHAR; K. JAYAKUMAR; S. G. RAMACHANDRA; SHRIKRISHNA ISLOORMillions of tones of forage consumed by animals is contaminated with fungal species invading forage plants prior to harvest or during storage as hay, straw or silage (Gremmels, 2005). The species of fungi affecting the forage are of two groups, namely: field fungi and storage fungi (storage molds). Field fungi are those, which invade the crop when it is still in the field, and require 20-21 percent moisture. These include species of Fusarium, Alternaria, Clodosporium, Diplodia, Gibberella and Helminthosporium. The storage molds are those that invade the fodder during storage and need less moisture (13-18%) than field fungi. These include species of Aspergillus and Penicillium (Elizabeth, 2005). These fungi produce mycotoxins, when favorable conditions allow the fungi to grow on crops in the field, at harvest, in storage or during the processing of feed (Palmgren and Lee, 1986). Mycotoxins are the fungal secondary metabolites formed by consecutive series of enzyme-catalysed reactions from a few biochemically simple intermediates (Bohra and Purohit, 2003). These mycotoxins are present in foods as natural pollutants, thereby causing acute and chronic toxicities in both human and animalsThesisItem Open Access TOXICITY STUDIES OF FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM MAIZE HULLS IN RATS AND MICE(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2008) VENKANNA BALAGANURAgricultural economy is changing very fast. Today India produces 87.7 million tonnes of rice and 68.7 million tonnes of wheat and in between these two crops lie 84 million tonnes of milk. Thus India has emerged as largest producer of milk in the world. India has very large livestock population with more than 185.18 million cattle and 97.92 million birffaloes (17^^ Livestock Census 2003, Government of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi).ThesisItem Open Access TOXICITY STUDIES OF FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM PADDY STRAW IN RATS, MICE AND CALVES(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2006) VEENA, K.Ingestion of contaminated feed, straw, etc. with toxigenic moulds causes Mycotoxicosis in animals. The mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp., Stachybotrys spp., Byssochlamys spp are very well known to affect farm animals. Contaminated raw feed ingredients with micromycetes species (fungi or moulds) is a current issue. The contamination of fungi contributes to raw feed, affects the nutritive quality, while the toxins released by these accumulate and endanger animal health and production. The toxic matter (mycotoxins) released by Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera forms the major risk of intoxication to farm animals.ThesisItem Open Access TOXICITY STUDIES OF FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM GROUNDNUT HAY IN RATS AND MICE(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2007) VINAY P. TIKAREMolds are filamentous, fuzzy or dusty looking fungi that occur in many feedstuffs including roughages and concentrates. Fungal growth is typically triggered by warm and wet conditions. Some fungi require continued wet conditions to thrive, while others keep growing even after moisture levels drop. Nearly 90 percent of the fungi are saprobic in their food habitat, while others are dependent on plants and animals for growth and reproduction.ThesisItem Open Access TOXICITY STUDIES OF FUNGAL ISOLATES IN RATS AND MICE FROM PADDY STRAW SUSPECTED TO CAUSE NECROSIS OF EXTREMITIES IN BUFFALOES(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2008) C. YESHWANTH KOMARIn most developing countries, livestock production is an important part of national economy. A major constraint for increased milk production by small and medium dairy farmers is the chronic shortage of affordable feeds of adequate quality and quantity, particularly during the dry season.ThesisItem Open Access TOXICITY STUDIES OF Ficus amplissima IN RABBITS AND RATS(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2007) LOKESHA, L.VPlants have developed different methods to avoid the predators and to keep u p their perpetuation. These defense m ech an ism s include the presence of th o rn s, gummy su b stan c e and some toxic principles su ch as alkaloids, glycosides, toxalbumins, essen tia l oils, resins and bitte r principles.ThesisItem Open Access EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SILK PROTEIN MATERIAL FOR ITS EFFECT ON WOUND HEALING AND SAFETY IN LABORATORY ANIMALS(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2009) SEVRINA RACHANA D'SOUZAWound healing or wound repair is the process that follows injury to the skin and other soft tissues.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTY OF COW URINE IN RATS(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2007) VADIVELAN. NDiabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. These metabolic abnormalities result in part from a deficiency of the blood sugar-lowering hormone insulin or from insulin resistance, a defect in the bodyĆ¢ s capacity to respond to insulin (Chandra et al, 2004)ThesisItem Open Access PHARMACOLOGICAL AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF Asteracantha longifolia IN RATS(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2009) S. SHENBAGAMAsteracantha longifolia Nees. (Syn. Hygrophila spinosa, Hygrophila auriculata) is a common weed growing in marshy and water logged areas. It is an important medicinal herb, widely distributed in India and used by local population for different medicinal purposes