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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × End date: 2006 × Start date: 2006 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Toxicity studies of fungal isolates from sorghum straw in rats, mice and calves
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2006-11-03) NIRMALA G. C.; N. B. SHRIDHAR; K. JAYAKUMAR; S. G. RAMACHANDRA; SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    Millions of tones of forage consumed by animals is contaminated with fungal species invading forage plants prior to harvest or during storage as hay, straw or silage (Gremmels, 2005). The species of fungi affecting the forage are of two groups, namely: field fungi and storage fungi (storage molds). Field fungi are those, which invade the crop when it is still in the field, and require 20-21 percent moisture. These include species of Fusarium, Alternaria, Clodosporium, Diplodia, Gibberella and Helminthosporium. The storage molds are those that invade the fodder during storage and need less moisture (13-18%) than field fungi. These include species of Aspergillus and Penicillium (Elizabeth, 2005). These fungi produce mycotoxins, when favorable conditions allow the fungi to grow on crops in the field, at harvest, in storage or during the processing of feed (Palmgren and Lee, 1986). Mycotoxins are the fungal secondary metabolites formed by consecutive series of enzyme-catalysed reactions from a few biochemically simple intermediates (Bohra and Purohit, 2003). These mycotoxins are present in foods as natural pollutants, thereby causing acute and chronic toxicities in both human and animals
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TOXICITY STUDIES OF FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM PADDY STRAW IN RATS, MICE AND CALVES
    (Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2006) VEENA, K.
    Ingestion of contaminated feed, straw, etc. with toxigenic moulds causes Mycotoxicosis in animals. The mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp., Stachybotrys spp., Byssochlamys spp are very well known to affect farm animals. Contaminated raw feed ingredients with micromycetes species (fungi or moulds) is a current issue. The contamination of fungi contributes to raw feed, affects the nutritive quality, while the toxins released by these accumulate and endanger animal health and production. The toxic matter (mycotoxins) released by Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera forms the major risk of intoxication to farm animals.