It is generally accepted that a wide variety of specific and non specific microorganisms are present in the cervico-vaginal mucus of cattle which have been responsible for repeat breeding. Uterine infection, mainly of bacterial origin constitutes a major cause of repeat breeding, especially in cross-bred cows in developing countries like
India, probably due to the expanding use of artificial insemination under unhygienic practice (Maurya et al., 1992 and Saini, 1993).
