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Subject: Dairy Chemistry × Author: HEENA KAUSER × Start date: 2020 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    β-SITOSTEROL TEST AS A TOOL TO DETECT ADULTERATION OF GHEE WITH PALM OIL
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585 401, 2022) HEENA KAUSER; SHILPASHREE B. G.
    Ghee is a very expensive product that is three times the price of edible vegetable oil. It is common for ghee to be adulterated with low-cost vegetable oil (Palm oil). β- sitosterol estimation in ghee to check the purity is mandatory and it should be absent as per FSSR, (2021). Physico-chemical characterization of ghee sample added with palm oil could be detectable using in Reichert-Meissl value (RM) at 20 per cent palm oil. Whereas fractionation technique detects adulteration using RM value (solid fraction), Butyro refractometer Reading (liquid fraction), and Iodine value (liquid and solid fraction) at the same concentration of adulteration. In the present investigation, β-sitosterol was estimated qualitatively using the Reverse phase-thin layer chromatography method (RPTLC) and found better spots in liquid fraction than control ghee even at a 5 per cent level. Therefore, it could be confirmed that β-sitosterol is rich in a liquid fraction which was also correlated with the result of antioxidant activity using the DPPH (1,1, Diphenyl–2, picrylhydroxyl) method in the liquid fraction. Ghee at 30 and 60 °C were investigated for the peroxide value and it was observed that with the increase in the storage days the peroxide value also increases at 30 and 60 °C. Free fatty acid (FFA) content during storage days is prolonged due to the advancement of storage days at both 30 and 60 °C so that FFA value increase. Finally, β-sitosterol could be used as a tool to detect adulteration by adopting the fractionation technique to prevent adulteration.