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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability and Integrated Management of Spot Blotch of Wheat Caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2017-07) Ashwini, R.; Patil, P.V.
    Laboratory and field experiment were conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad to study the variability and integrated management of spot blotch of wheat. Roving survey conducted in Dharwad, Belagavi, Gadag, Bagalkote and Vijayapura districts during rabi, 2017-18 indicated low severity of spot blotch disease. Variability study in 14 isolates of B. sorokiniana through morphological and cultural characters, pathogenic ability and SSR markers had showed high distinction. Colony colour ranged from whitish black to black. On the basis of pathogenicity, 14 isolates were grouped into two different pathotypes (P1 and P2). Similarity coefficients were ranged from 0.53 to 0.98 representing less than 53 per cent genetic variability among isolates. Under in vitro studies, captan at 0.3 % (86.29 %), hexaconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole at 0.025 %, 0.05 %, 0.1 % (100%), hexaconazole 5 % + captan 70 % WP, carboxin 37.5 % + thiram 37.5 % WP and tebuconazole 50 % + trifloxistrobin 25 % WG at 0.05 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 % (100%), multineemore at 1.0 % (54.81 %) recorded maximum inhibition of mycelial growth. Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens + Bacillus subtilis (3.3 g each/l) concentration, panchagavya (20 %) inhibited 80.44 and 30.29 per cent spore germination, respectively. In Integrated disease management, among the eight spray schedules evaluated under field condition, two sprays of hexaconazole 5 % EC (0.1 %) with 15 days interval reduced the spot blotch severity by 13.40 per cent with highe st grain yield (13.33 q/ha), biomass (8.33 t/ha) and BC ratio (1:1.94). Hexaconazole 5 % EC (0.1 %) was most effective in managing spot blotch disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Fungal and Bacterial Endophytes of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Against the Soilborne Pathogens
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 0200) Brunda, K.S.; Jahagirdar, Shamarao
    A total of 30 fungal and 30 bacterial endophytes were isolated from healthy soybean plants during kharif 2017 from major soybean growing areas of northern Karnataka viz., Belagavi, Haveri, Bidar, Dharwad and parts of Maharashtra viz., Kolhapur and Sangli districts. Maximum number of endophytes were obtained from Belagavi district (21) followed by Dharwad district (15). Mean maximum endophyte association was observed in irrigated condition (1.38 for fungal and 1.63 for bacterial endophytes), black soil (1.31 for fungal and 1.46 for bacterial) and at vegetative stage (1.73 for fungal and 1.27 for bacterial). In dual culture method of screening, the endophytes RF-BV-3, SF-DM-8, RB-KK-6, SB-BS-6 and LB-BU-1 were effective against Sclerotium rolfsii and the isolates SF-DM-8, SB-DG-11 and LB-BiN-8 were effective against Rhizoctonia bataticola. The effective endophytes against Fusarium oxysporum were RF-BV-3, SF-BV-3, SF-DM-8, SF-DS-10, LF-HH-5, LF-DM-10, LF-DD-13, LF-KK-14, RB-HS-1, SB-BiJ-9, LB-BU-1 and LB-BV-2. Based on cultural, morphological and molecular methods, the effective fungal endophytes were identified as Daldinia eschscholtzi (RF-BV-3), Fusarium solani (SF-BV-3 and LF-KK-14), Neofusicoccum parvum (SF-DM-8), Diaporthe phaseolorum (SF-DS-10 and LF-HH-5), Phomopsis sp. (LF-DM-10) and Colletotrichum aenigma (LF-DD-13). The effective bacterial endophytes were identified as Acinetobacter sp. (RB-HS-1), Alcaligenes faecalis (RB-KK-6), Stenotrophomonas sp. (SB-BiJ-9), Bacillus pumilus (SB-DG-11 and LB-BiN-8), Paenalcaligenes sp. (LB-BU-1), Bacillus cereus (SB-BS-6) and Brevibacillus sp. (LB-BV-2). Under glasshouse studies, SF-DM-8 was effective against all the three pathogens (less disease incidence of 21.88 % against S. rolfsii, 27.50 % against R. bataticola and 25.00 % against F. oxysporum) and showed enhanced growth promotion activity (increased plant height, leaflet number etc.) with maximum disease incidence of 100 per cent in untreated check. The endophyte RB-KK-6 was effective against S. rolfsii with less disease incidence (31.25 %). The endophytes RF-BV-3 and SB-BiJ-9 were effective against F. oxysporum with minimum disease incidence of 16.67 per cent.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Nitrogen Levels and Modified Urea on Growth, Yield and Nitrogen use Efficiency in Rainfed Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L).]
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2017-06) Ganapati
    A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen levels and modified urea on growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rainfed pearl millet during kharif 2016 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, Vijayapura, UAS, Dharwad. There were 15 treatment combinations involving three nitrogen levels viz., 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1 and five modified ureas viz., neem coated, tar coated, sulphur coated, vermicompost coated and normal urea. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomised block design with three replications. The results indicated that, application of 75 and 50 kg N ha-1 were at par and recorded significantly higher grain (2,878 and 2,730 kg ha-1, respectively) and stover yields (5.32 and 5.15 t ha-1, respectively) compared to 25 kg N ha-1(2,296 kg ha-1 and 4.00 t ha-1, respectively). Application of neem coated urea recorded significantly higher grain (2,965 kg ha-1) and stover yields (6.13 t ha-1) to normal urea. Net income and benefit cost ratio were higher with application of 75 kg N ha-1 (Rs. 28,815 ha-1 and 2.91, respectively) compared to 25 kg N ha-1 (Rs. 21,366 ha-1 and 2.57, respectively), however it was at par with 50 kg N ha-1 (Rs. 27,517 ha-1 and 2.90, respectively). Among the modified ureas, neem coated urea recorded significantly higher net income (Rs. 32,316 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (3.32) compared to normal urea (Rs. 23,817 ha-1 and 2.69, respectively) and other modified ureas. Application of 50 kg N ha-1 with neem coated urea was found to be optimum in pearl millet crop to achieve higher grain yield, stover yield and economic returns.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heteroic Grouping of Newly Developed Inbred Lines of maize (Zea mays L.)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Kantha Kumar C.S.; Bhat, Jayant S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Investigation on the use of Nano Based Nutrients on Physiological Performance of Sunflower
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-08) Betageri, Shivaputrappa; Janagoudar, B.S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological Effect of Fungicides in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] During Storage and Seed Treatment
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-09) Biradar, Rajashree; Jirali, D.I.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Leaf Blight of Turmeric Caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-09) Savar, Izazahammad; Virupaksha Prabhu H.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Yellow Mosaic Disease of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-09) Gaddeppa; Ashtaputre, S.A.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Value Addition to Wood Apple (Feronia limonia Swingle)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-09) Shyamala Devi V.; Kulkarni, Uma N.