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ThesisItem Open Access LAND SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF MAJOR SUGARCANE GROWING SOILS OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) NAIDU, L G K; HUNSIGI, GURURAJABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access SOIL, WATER AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR DIRECT SEEDED LOWLAND RICE(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1976) RAMI REDDY, S; HUKKERI, S B"Investigations were carried out at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during Kharif seasons of 1974 and 1975 with the object of obtaining comprehensive information on soil, water, and weed management practices for direct-seeded lowland rice grown on a sandy clay loam soil. The treatments comprising four methods of soil manipulations, two practices of water management and four methods of weed management were laid out in a split -plot design with soil water management practices in the main plots and weed management practices in the sub-plots and were replicated thrice. The four soil manipulation treatments were, ( 1 ) puddling once immediately before seeding, ( 2) puddling twice immediately before and 15 days earlier to seeding, (3) compaction of surface soil to a bulk density of 1.70 to 1,80 g/cm$ and (4) ordinary field preparation by ploughing. The two water management practices were, (1) continuous submergence (4-0 cm water from establishment to maturity) and (2) partial submergence (4-0 cm water only during critical stages of initial tillering and flowering and maintaining soil moisture at 0,15 bar tension at 15 cm s o i l depth during other stages). The four weed management practices were, ( 1 ) no weeding, ( 2) manual weeding (twice), (3) pre-emergence application of butachlor at 20 kg/ha. and (4) post-emergence application of propanil at 2 1/ha. The study revealed that puddling twice at 15 days interval remarkably increased the growth and yield of rice, reduced the weed infestation, increased the N, P and K uptake by crop, reduced the hydraulic conductivity of soil and increased the water use efficiency of irrigation water. Puddling once and compaction were identical in their effects and were superior to ordinary ploughing but very much Inferior to puddling twice in respect of growth and yield of crop. Puddling twice proved to be the most profitable practice. Continuous submergence increased the yield marginally (about 7 percent) over that of partial submergence, but the latter practice required 37 percent less irrigation water and hence resulted in high water use efficiency. Continuous submergence resulted in a loss while partial submergence was an economical practice. The weeds were effectively controlled by manual weeding under all the soil manipulation practices while butachlor and propanil were found e f fe c t iv e under puddling twice and compaction treatments where the weed growth Was already reduced by about 85 to 87 percent. Manual weeding resulted in maximum growth and yield of rice. Weeds in no weeding treatment decreased the yield by 30 percent as compared with manual weeding and accounted for nearly 50 percent of nutrient depletion. Water use efficiency of irrigation water was increased by about 30 percent due to manual weeding over that of no weeding. The most remunerative cultural practices for direct seeded rice under Delhi conditions were found to be puddling twice with partial submergence followed by either manual weeding or use of herbicides."ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION, MULCH AND ANTI TRANSPIRANTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPRING-SOWN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L. )(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1980) KHANWILKAR, SURESH APPASAHEB; SINGH, N PABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE CULTURAL PRACTICES IN THE CULTIVATION OF MAIZE AND POTATO GROWN ON LATERITIC SOIL(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1965) HUKKERI, SUBHASHCHANDRA BHUPAL; PANDE, H KABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN RAINFED CHILLI + COTTON INTERCROPPING SYSTEM(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) PATIL, M B; PATIL, V CA field experiment was conducted during 1991-92 and 1992-1993 under rainfed conditions at Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. In this experiment, the effect of weed management treatments on the growth, yield and quality of cotton (DCH-32) and chilli (Byadagi kaddi) under chilli + cotton intercropping system was studied. Randomized complete block design was adopted with four replications. Among different weed management treatments, higher weed density at all the stages of crop growth during both the years was observed with weedy check and pendimethalin + oxyfluorfen (tank mix). Owing to the season-long weed-free conditions, cent percent weed control efficiency (WCE) was recorded with weed-free check. The weed control efficiency showed an increased trend with two hand weeding + two hoeings (30, 60, 90 and 120 DAT) and oxyfluorfen (0.2 kg a.L ha'') followed by glyphosate (1.0 kg a.L ha'') up to 120 DAT and thereafter it declined. The WCE at 30 and 60 DAT was comparatively lower with pendimethalin or fluchloralin each at 1.0 kg a.L ha'' or oxyfluorfen at 0.1 kg a-L ha'' supplemented with OM hoeing and it was effectively brought up at 90 DAT due to hoeing at 75 DAT. The dry matter production and nutrient depletion by weeds also followed a similar trend. Number of weeds, dry matter production and uptake of nutrients by weeds were negatively correlated with chili and seed cotton yield. Significantly higher dry chilli yield was obtained from the plots which were kept weed-free through out the crop growth period (907 kg ha"') that received two hand weedings and two hoeings (870 kg ha') than in all other treatments except oxyfluorfen followed by glyphosate. Similarly, weed-free check plots that received multiple inter cultivation and hand weedings out yielded all other treatments in seed cotton yield. Seed cotton yield per ha obtained with two hand weedings and two hoeings (1284 kg ha') was on par with oxyfluorfen followed by glyphosate (1188 kg ha''). However, these treatments were superior to all other treatments in seed cotton yield. The increase in the dry chilli and seed cotton yield with oxyfluorfen followed by glyphosate or conventional method than other treatments may be ascribed to the increase in growth and yield attributing characters of both chilli and cotton due to effective control of weeds. Due to higher economic yield and market price of chilli and seed cotton, higher net income and benefit to cost ratio was obtained with weed-free check, two hand weedings + two hoeings and oxyfluorfen followed by glyphosate.ThesisItem Open Access INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION IN SOYBEAN BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) H.B. Babalad; ITNAL, C JField experiments were conducted Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1993-96 on integrated nutrient management for sustainable production in soybean-based production systems. The investigations comprised of use of crop residues (OR), cellulose degrading organism Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC), vermicompost (V), vermiculture(VC) and FYM m combination with inorganic fertilizers in soybean + cotton and soybean-safflower cropping systems. The data over a period of 3 years revealed that the influence of crop residues in the first year was not appreciative. While, itsefficacy on crop growth was manifested conspicuously in the second year and reached a level of significance during third year. Incorporation of crop residues regardless of treatment had adverse effects on safflower performance when averaged over two years. Application of RDF + FYM recorded 17 and 11.7 percent higher yield of soybean and cotton kapas respectively over RDF alone with pooled analysis. Continuous application of FYM facilitated the reduction of fertilizer levels with on par productivity of the crop. Similarly, vermicompost with RDF and 50% RDF had a significantly appreciative influence on crop yields over their individual application. The economics of various cropping systems indicated that net returns were significantly higher (Rs. 30,950/ha) with intercropping of soybean + cotton over sequence cropping of soybean - safflower (Rs.25,502/ha). Incorporation of crop residues with and without PC recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs.29,710 and Rs.29,220/ha respectively) as compared no residue (Rs.25,750/ha). Among the manurial treatments, RDF + FYM and 50% RDF + FYM recorded significantly higher net returns (R3.33,430 and Rs.31,970/ha respectively) over rest of the manurial treatments and RDF. The combined application of crop residue, manures and their interactions exhibited significant improvement on organic carbon, available soil N, P and K and as well soil microflora. Similarly, physical properties of the soil such as aggregate stability and infiltration were also improved with integrated nutrient management practices.ThesisItem Open Access PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum) AS INFLUENCED BY BUND PLANTED MULTI PURPOSE TREE SPECIES(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 1999) Patil, Raveendra H; Itnal, C JABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FERTIGATION ON GROWTH, LEA F YIELD AND QUALITY OF MULBERRY AND ITS IMPACT ON SILKWORM LARVAL GROWTH, COCOON AND SILK QUALITY CHAR(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 1997) SHIVA KUMAR, H . R; SHIVASHANKAR, KABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS ON FINGERIVIILLET BASED CROPPING SYSTEM(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 1998) NANJUNDAPPA, G; Shivaraj, BABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE