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ThesisItem Open Access Technological Gap in Onion Production in Haveri District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Korishetti, Deepak S.; Nagaraja, M.V.This study was conducted under University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 2014-15 in Haveri district of Karnataka state. Random sampling procedure was used to select 150 farmers and data collected through the personal interview method. Majority of onion growers were middle aged, 42.67 per cent of the onion growers studied up to primary school, 38.67 per cent farmers belongs to semi-medium land holding category, 49.33 per cent of respondents had medium level of farming experience, 52 per cent of respondents had medium level of area under onion crop. 57.33 per cent of farmers belonged to high level of economic orientation. Considerable per cent of respondents belonged to medium level of extension contact, mass media participation, innovative proneness and scientific orientation. The study revealed that cent per cent of onion growers adopted the recommended onion cultivation practices of proper harvesting stage followed by 98 per cent of farmers adopted correct sowing time, spacing and seed rate. 43.33 per cent belonged to medium category of technological gap. 98.00 per cent of technological gap was found in application of plant promoters followed by split application of nitrogen fertilizers. Majority of farmers got the market price information from others, 54.00 per cent farmers sold their produce in APMCs, 56.67 per cent farmers sold their produce immediately after harvest, 82.67 per cent of farmers graded the onion based on size. 70.67 per cent of onion growers indicated lack of knowledge of pest control as major production constraint followed by high cost of inputs. 92.67 per cent of farmers expressed that price fluctuation of onion was major marketing constraint followed by mal practice in weighment and lack of storage facility.ThesisItem Open Access Effectiveness of Krishi Community Radio Station Programmes on Farm Families in Coverage Area(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-10) Naik, Vishwanath S.; Manjula N.The present study on “Effectiveness of Krishi Community Radio Station programmes on farm families in coverage area’’ of 10-15 km radius was conducted during 2015-16. The radio station is located in the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. It was started in 2007. Ex post-facto research, design and experimental research design before and after without control was employed. The villages Yettinagudda, Narendra, Mandihala, Yerikoppa, Kyarkoppa, Chikkamalligewada, Garag and Chikbyalikatti were purposively selected in the coverage area of Krishi CR FM 90.4 MHz for the study. From each village 15 listeners were randomly selected for the study. Thus, total sample size constituted 120 listeners. The important findings indicated that 37.50 per cent of listeners had high perception towards the KCRS programmes. Listener’s income, land holding, family size, extension participation and innovativeness had significant positive correlation with their perception. The most preferred KCRS programmes were “varada basanna” and “krishi chintana” with the rank of 1st and 2nd respectively. The difference in the knowledge gain in pre and post test was highly significant (36.3) with respect to the all the dramatized KCRS programmes where as all the programmes broadcasted in KCRS showed a significant difference in the gain in knowledge viz., Integrated pest management (30.4), Mogadalli nagu chimmisuva “mekhejola” maize (22.3), Jeevanakke daari “jola” sorghum (20.5), Vaanijya bele “soya avare” soya (19.33), Kesaru gadheya hasiru bele “bhatta” paddy (17.6) and Soil test (10.27). The study indicated that majority (74.20 %) of the listeners expressed lack of content and quality in the programme and 75.83 per cent of KCRS listeners. suggested that there is need to increase the coverage area of Krishi Community Radio Station.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of Drip Irrigation on Grapes and Sugarcane Growers in North Karnataka(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-08) Gowtham M.S.; Manjula N.The study was conducted on grapes growers in Vijayapura and sugarcane growers in Belagavi districts of North-Karnataka during the year 2014-15. Ex-post facto- research design was employed for this study. From each district, two taluks and from each selected taluk, two villages having maximum area under drip irrigation were selected. A sample consisting of 10 adopters and 10 non-adopters of drip irrigation was selected randomly from each selected village. Thus sample size constituted 160 farmers. The important findings on both the crops were, Majority (55.00%) of drip adopters belonged to middle age group followed by old age (30.00 %). Where as, (48.75 %) of non-adopters belonged to old age group followed by middle age (38.75 %). Majority of the respondents strongly perceived that drip irrigation has higher relative advantage. Majority of respondents expressed that high initial cost, complexity in obtaining subsidy, inter-cultivation are the major constraints in drip irrigation. Among the grape growers, most of adopters (45.00 %) of drip irrigation belonged to high level knowledge category, followed by medium (40.00 %) and low (15.00 %) knowledge level category respectively. Where as, 47.50 per cent of the non-adopters had medium knowledge level, followed by low (27.50 %) knowledge level. The average yield of grapes among adopters was 11.32 t/ac, but in case of non-adopters it was 9.69 t/ac indicating difference of 1.62 t/ac. Among drip adopters, the average gross income per acre of grapes was 3,20,436/-, whereas for non-adopters it was 2,00,834/acre. Whereas the average yield of sugarcane among adopters was 53.60 t/ac, while that for non-adopters it was 44.80 t/ac indicating difference of 8.80 t/ac. Among drip adopters, the average gross income from per acre of sugarcane was 72,350/-, where for non-adopters it was 53,580/acre.ThesisItem Open Access A Study on Knowledge and Adoption Behaviour of Capsicum Growers of Belagavi District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-08) Bharath Kumar R.; Halakatti, S.V.This study was conducted during 2015-16 in two talukas of Belagavi district, Karnataka, India. The data was collected by personal interview method using structured interview schedule. A sample of 150 capsicum growers were selected by using simple random sampling method. The study revealed that majority (64.66 %) of respondents were middle aged, one third (34.66 %) of the capsicum growers studied up to primary school, majority (47.33 %) of the respondents belonged to medium size family, semi-medium land holding (52.66 %), medium level of capsicum growing experience (43.33 %), medium income category (56.00 %), medium mass media exposure (39.33 %), medium level of extension contact category (46.00 %), and 50.00 per cent of capsicum growers belonged to medium market orientation. Majority of the growers had knowledge about recommended varieties (85.33 %), sowing time (94.66 %), seed rate (74.66 %), providing shade to seed bed (90.66 %), seed bed preparation (89.33 %), FYM application (87.33 %), time of transplanting of seedlings to the main field (85.33 %), irrigation (84.00 %), spacing in main field (82.66 %), control measures for these insect (74.43 %). Regarding adoption majority (74.66 %) of respondents had adopted recommended varieties, correct time of sowing (94.00 %), providing shade to seed bed (90.66 %), seed bed preparation (84.66 %), spacing (76.66 %), control measures to pests (61.66 %). Regarding marketing behavior majority (92.00 %) of the respondents expressed that the perishable nature of vegetable was the major reason for selling in local market immediately after harvest, sold their produce to wholesaler through commission agents (89.33 %), selling the produce to the commission agents since they have immediate cash payment (90.00 %). Major constraints expressed by capsicum growers were information related to weather forecasts (94.66 %), high labour charges (100.00 %), high cost of transportation (96.66 %).ThesisItem Open Access Awareness and Adoption of Climate Resilient Practices by Potato Growers of Dharwad District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Hadimani, Prabhavati S.; Halakatti, S.V.The present study was conducted in Dharwad taluk of Dharwad district of Karnataka state during 2015-16 with the sample size of 120 farmers. A well structured schedule was developed and data was collected by personal interview method. The results of the study revealed that, 39.17 per cent of farmers had medium level of awareness of climate resilient practices. Most of the respondents were aware of use of improved high yielding and early maturing varieties (Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Jawahar) (96.66 %) followed by farm pond (91.66 %) and earthing up of potato (90.83 %). In case of adoption of climate resilient practices, nearly 40 per cent of farmers belong to medium adoption category. About 80 per cent of farmers had adopted high yielding and early maturing varieties (Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Jawahar) followed by earthing up of potato (60.00 %) and only 1.67 per cent of farmers had adopted the mulching practices. Further it was observed that, major constraints expressed by potato growers were lack of information related to weather forecasts, low price for their produce, lack of storage facility, perishability of the produce, etc., Majority of the respondents suggested that development department should arrange for timely supply of production inputs like seeds, fertilizers, fungicides, etc., in the villages to mitigate ill effects of climate change. It can be concluded by the findings of the study that, since majority of the farmers belonged to the medium level of awareness and adoption category, there is need to develop the system that provides regular weather information to all potato growers through ICT tools. The line departments should organize workshops, training and demonstrations to create awareness regarding improved and low cost climate resilient practices.ThesisItem Open Access Effectiveness of Information Communication Technology in Promotion of Sri Method of Paddy Cultivation(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Gandroli, Vandana A.; Angadi, J.G.The experimental study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of information and communication technology in promotion of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method of paddy cultivation. The study was conducted in five villages of Kalghatagi tahsil of Dharwad district. Latest teaching methods viz., video screening at once (T1), video screening at defined stages (T2), mobile advisory (T3), video screening once + mobile advisory + expert mediated group discussion (T4) were selected. From each village 25 respondents were selected and exposed to selected teaching methods. The before-after with control group experimental design was used in the study. An educative video on SRI method of paddy cultivation was developed. The content for all selected teaching methods was kept same except few minor changes in framing sentences as per the need of the respective method. Maximum gain in knowledge had occurred as a result of exposure to video screening at defined stages followed by video screening once, video screening once + mobile advisory + expert mediated group discussion. Minimum was observed in case of mobile advisory. Knowledge gained by the respondents was retained to the maximum extent incase of video screening once followed by video screening at defined stages, video screening once + mobile advisory + expert mediated group discussion and mobile advisory after 15 days and 30 days of exposure. Symbolic adoption by the respondents was more in case of video screening once, video screening once + mobile advisory + expert mediated group discussion, video screening at defined stages and least in case of mobile advisory. Education, total land holding, land holding under paddy cultivation, mass media exposure, scientific orientation and annual income exhibited positively significant relationship with gain and retention of knowledge. In case of symbolic adoption education, family size, risk orientation and scientific orientation exhibited positively significant relationship.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of Soil Health Practices on Soybean Productivity of Farmers in Dharwad District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Sushma, J.; Patil, Anasuya T.A study to assess the impact of soil health practices on soybean productivity was conducted in Dharwad district of Karnataka state during the year 2015-16. A sample of 120 farmers were purposively selected from Dharwad, Kalghatagi and Kundagol taluks of Dharwad district by using random sampling method. The data was collected by personal interview method by using prestructured interview schedule. Appropriate statistical methods were used to analyse and quantify the data. The results revealed that all the farmers were practicing general soil health practices such as tillage, bunding, farm yard manure and nitrogen application. Fourty one per cent of the farmers were practicing recommended soil health practices. Large majority of the farmers possessed high knowledge index level on summer ploughing (2.84) and farm yard manure (2.65). Fourty three per cent of farmers were having medium knowledge index on recommended soil health practices. All the farmers adopted summer ploughing, farm yard manure, nitrogen fertilizers and weed management. More than forty per cent of the farmers belonged to medium level of adoption (61.72) index of recommended soil health practices. Results of adoption of recommended soil health practices on soybean productivity was highest in high adopter category with a mean yield of 15.82 q/ha. The constraints expressed by the farmers in adoption of recommended soil health practices were uneven distribution of rainfall (89.16 %), non-availability of sufficient quantity of raw material for manuring (47.50 %), lack of awareness on micronutrients (34.16 %). Knowledge and adoption of recommended soil health practices by the soybean farmers was positively and significantly correlated with the independent variables such as education, material position, cropping pattern, extension contact, risk orientation and achievement motivation.ThesisItem Open Access A Study on Knowledge and Adoption of Post-Harvest Technologies by the Turmeric Growers of Bagalkote District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Naveen Kumar, S.; Gotyal, S.H.The study on knowledge and adoption of post-harvest technologies in turmeric was carried out during 2015-16 in Mudhol and Jamakhandi talukas of Bagalkote district. A sample size of 120 turmeric growers were selected using simple random method. Pre-structured schedule was developed and data was collected through personal interview method. The data was processed by using appropriate statistical methods. The results revealed that all the turmeric growers possessed knowledge about harvesting at right time, manual and mechanical harvesting, availability of different boilers like traditional and steam boilers, sun drying and testing turmeric by stick piercing and hand pressing, packing in gunny bags, cold storage facilities (48.33 %). Adoption of technologies viz., harvesting by manual digging (67.50 %), harvesting using tractor (32.50 %), steam boiling (98.33 %), drum polishing (100 %), sun drying (100 %), grading of turmeric (100 %) and packing in gunny bags (94.17 %). The variables viz., education, annual income, mass media utilization, accessibility to post-harvest equipment and economic motivation had positively significant relationship with knowledge at 1 per cent level. Adoption level was found to be significant at 1 per cent level with education, annual income, mass media utilization and accessibility to post-harvest equipment. Major constraints expressed by turmeric growers was non-availability of labours for harvesting (100 %), exploitation by the middle men and lack of technical guidance (95.83 %), absence of storage facilities (92.50 %), fluctuations in market prices (89.50 %). The suggestions expressed by the turmeric growers were establishment of proper market, establishment of proper storage facility (74.17 %), provide sufficient and timely credit facilities (65.83 %) and provide scientific information about post-harvest technologies (36.67 %).ThesisItem Open Access Decision Making and Sociometry Models in Farming(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Kumbar, Jyoti K.; Yadav, V.S.The study was conducted in Sulla village of Bagalkot district during 2015-16. The sample consisted of 60 farmers selected purposively to identify sources of decision making and sociometry models in farming. The results revealed that majority of the (61.67 %) respondents were in old age, 36.67 per cent were illiterate farmers, 48.33 per cent of the respondents had up to (10 to 20 years) medium farming experience and small land holding (2.51 to 5 acres) and 30.00 per cent of the respondents participated in co-operative society activities. Majority (about 53 to 93 %) of the respondents made self- decision on selection of varieties, choices of crops and loan for farm activities. About 75.00 per cent of the respondents had consulted agricultural officers to make decisions on plant protection measures, soil and water conservation practices; 67.00 per cent of farmers made self-decision on marketing on pulses, oilseeds and cereals. In the analysis of sociogram of the respondents, three sociometry models were identified among the respondents. Sociometry Model I consisted of 20 respondents, 19 most liked and 16 most disliked relationships, sociometry Model II consisted of 17 respondents, 16 most disliked and 13 most liked relationships and sociometry Model III consisted of 23 respondents, 19 most liked and 22 most disliked relationships. The members of sociometry Model I (11) consulted 41 times the members of sociometry Model II. The members of sociometry Model II (19) consulted the members of sociometry Model I 52 times compared to the members of sociometry Model III 19 times. The members of sociometry Model III (41) consulted 51 times with the members of sociometry Model I compared to the members of sociometry Model II 38 times. There is more interdependency among members of sociometry Model I and II and also sociometry Model III and I.
