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Open Access
Effect of manual and chemical methods of weed management on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Lavlesh; Manoj Raghav
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the “Effect of manual and chemical methods of weed management on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” at Vegetable Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) during rabi season of 2014-2015. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design consisting of seven treatments replicated thrice. During the study, observations on per cent emergence, plant height, number of haulms per hill, fresh and dry weight of weeds, number of monocot, dicot and total number of weeds at 30, 45, 60 days after planting (DAP) and at de-haulming stage, fresh and dry weight of plants at de-haulming stage were recorded. In addition, grade wise number and weight of tubers per plot and per hectare, total number of tubers and total tuber yield per hectare, marketable yield per hectare, harvest index, dry matter content, protein content and specific gravity of tubers, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash uptake by haulm, tuber, plant and weeds were also recorded. Besides this, to assess the profitability of treatments, cost of cultivation, net profit and benefit: cost ratio were also worked out. The findings of present investigation revealed that performance of potato crop was significantly influenced by different weed control treatments. Among all treatments, herbicide metribuzin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha pre emergence (T6) was found best with respect to overall plant growth, yield and quality parameters with a total yield (305.43 q/ha), net return (`147497.36) and benefit: cost ratio (1.93). Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of Uttarakhand tarai region, herbicide metribuzin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha pre emergence is the best in terms of higher and economic yield of potato. Hence, recommended for commercial cultivation, provided all other scientific management practices are followed.
Open Access
Growth promotory effect of drought tolerant bacteria on wheat crop under drought stress
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Gouri, Vinita; Singh, Ajay Veer
In natural environmental condition plants continuously exposed to various biotic and abiotic factors. Drought is considered as major abiotic stress and adversely affects plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants under drought stress conditions show reduced root length, shoot length, deficiency of nutrients and increases disease susceptibility and hence decreases economic yield of crop. In this context, present study was carried out with the application of drought tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in wheat to promote growth and productivity under drought stress conditions. During study, total sixty bacterial isolates were retrieved and revived from departmental culture collection. On the basis of growth present on tryptic soy broth medium supplemented with 6% poly ethylene glycol and 20% NaCl, fourteen bacterial isolates were selected as drought tolerant. These drought tolerant bacterial isolates were further checked for plant growth promoting activities such as siderophore production, zinc solubilization, phosphate solubilization and ACC deaminase activity and ten best potential bacterial isolates were screened for further study. Afterward, screened potential bacterial isolates were selected and characterized on the basis of cell and colony morphology, biochemical characteristics and carbohydrate utilization tests. Now these potential isolates were characterized functionally and tested for plant growth promoting traits such as exopolysaccaride production, ammonia production, indole acetic acid production and hydrogen cyanide production. Furthermore, potential bacterial isolates were evaluated for antibiosis activity against two pathogenic fungi of wheat, four isolates were able to suppress mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum and three bacterial isolates were able to suppress mycelial growth of Alternaria spp. However, SRPII7 isolate was effective against both the fungi. Furthermore, an in situ greenhouse pot experiment was designed under drought stress with all ten drought tolerant plant growth promoting isolates with early variety of wheat (Triticum aestivum var. UP-2785). Results of green house pot experiment confirmed that all bacterial isolates were significantly able to improve plant growth and productivity in terms of agronomical parameters such as root length, shoot length, dry weight of plant, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000 grains weight and % harvest index, while four bacterial isolates i.e. WRPA13, WRPA26, SRA1 and SRK14 prove more potential compare to all other isolates and helps wheat plant to cope up with drought stresses. In vitro and in situ studies depicted the potentiality of four bacterial isolates for their promising plant growth promoting activity under drought stress. In respect to said results, present study concluded that these four potential bacterial isolates i.e. WRPA13, WRPA26, SRA1 and SRK14 can be employed as bioinoculant/biofertilizer to improve drought tolerance and nutrient enhancement in wheat crop for sustainable agriculture.
Open Access
Bayesian estimation in weighted x gamma distribution
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-12) Agrawal, Priya; Vinod Kumar
In the present study, a new lifetime distribution, named weighted xgamma distribution has been proposed and its distributional properties are investigated. The maximum likelihood estimates of the parameter θ have been obtained by means of Newton-Raphson method. The expressions for various distributional properties of weighted xgamma distribution including its moment generating function (mgf), cumulant generating function (cgf), characteristic function, moments etc. have been derived. The Bayes estimators of its parameter (θ), reliability function R(t) and hazard rate function h(t) are obtained using Tierney and Kadane method of approximation under two priors namely uniform and gamma. The results obtained have been illustrated by means of several randomly generated data sets from the proposed model, each sample replicated 10,000 times The Bayes Risks have been evaluated by using Squared Error Loss Function (SELF). A real life data set has also been used to establish its utility. It is concluded that gamma prior is superior to uniform prior for finding Bayes estimates of the parameter θ, reliability function R(t) and hazard rate function h(t) of the proposed weighted xgamma distribution.
Open Access
Genotype × environment interaction for yield and related traits in some advance lines of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-12) Pal, Deepak; Verma, S.K.
Open Access
Effect of nano-sized gypsum on growth and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-12) Rawat, Anupama; Singh, Vijay Pal
A field experiment entitled “Effect of nano-sized gypsum on growth and productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)” was conducted at the Norman E Borlaug Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (U.S Nagar) From November 2016 to April 2017. Surface Soil (0-15 cm) of the experiment field was silty clay loam in texture, medium in organic carbon (0.72%), low in available N (218.59 kg/ha), medium in available P (12.53 kg/ha) and medium in available K (149.56 kg/ha) with neutral soil reaction (pH 7.3). In addition to the field experiment two laboratory experiment entitled “Effect of nano-sized gypsum on germination of wheat” and “Effect of nano-sized gypsum blended MS media solution on seedling growth of wheat” was conducted simultaneously to investigate the effect of nano-sized gypsum on emergence and initial seedling growth more precisely. The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design with 3 replications while both the laboratory experiment was conducted in CRD each with 3 replications. For the experiment variety DPW 621-50 was used. The laboratory studies suggest that seed treatment with 100ppm nano-sized gypsum enhances germination and further seedling growth of wheat. In the field experiment it was found that 75% of RDF along with nano-sized gypsum and clay based nano-sized gypsum produced yield at par with 100 % RDF, thus saving 25 % of the RDF. Similarly among plant based nano-sized gypsum, Parthenium based nano-sized gypsum along with 75% of RDF gives promising results. High yield in nano-sized gypsum (4 t/ha), Parthenium based (3.73 t/ha) and clay based nano-sized gypsum (4.07 t/ha) was due to high photosynthetic surface i.e. leaf area index and high yield attributing characters. Hence, 75% of RDF along with nano-sized gypsum or clay based nano-sized gypsum can be recommended to the farmer.
Open Access
Influence of silicon solubilizers on physiological and biochemical attributes in rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-12) Joshi, Neeraj; Shankhdhar, S.C.
Rice is a global grain for more than 60% of the world’s population. As the population continues to expand, the demand for food crops also continues to increase. Susceptibility to pest and disease infestation along with environmental stress leads to yield loss. Silicon being, second most abundant element in the earth provides resistance to disease, pest infestation and also alleviates water stress thereby improving resistance of plants against lodging. To study the influence of silicon solubilizers on physiological and biochemical attributes in rice genotypes, a field experiment was conducted in Norman E. Bourlog Crop Research Center, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during kharif season 2016 with different rice genotypes namely, PA-6129, PA-6201, PA 6444, PHB-71, US-312 and BPT-5204. The field experiment was carried out in three separate blocks i.e. control, soil (imidazole) and foliar (silixol) application with randomized block design. All genotypes were transplanted in these blocks with three replications each. The plots were separated from each other with proper spacing (20×10 cm) and the experimental field was bordered by proper bunds. Soil and foliar application of silicon solubilizers was done at tillering, panicle initiation and flowering. Both the form of silicon solubilizer applications showed increase in morphological, agronomical and biochemical parameters except amylose content. Pest and diseases infestation was reduced significantly more in foliar than soil application. Maximum increase in plant height at flowering was recorded for PA-6444 (11.87%) by foliar application. Maximum increase in total dry matter was observed in PA-6444 (49.59%) by foliar application. Foliar application showed maximum increase (19.40%) in panicle weight (g m-2) at flowering. Harvest index showed maximum increase by foliar application 12.39% in PHB-71 compared to control. In foliar application, PHB-71 (94.04%) showed maximum increase in protein content. The maximum decrease in dead heart infestation was observed in foliar application 82.35% as compared to control. From the experiment performed, it was found that PHB-71 and PA-6444 were most efficient in utilizing both the forms of silicon solubilizers as they showed maximum harvest index and reduced disease and pest infestation. BPT-5204 and US-312 were found to be more susceptible as the grain yield was found minimum and maximum disease and pest infestation as compared to other varieties, under soil and foliar application of silicon solubilizers.
Open Access
Development of different modules for management of insect pest in Capsicum under protected cultivation and study of newer insecticidal molecule mixture against insect pest of chilli
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-10) Suman Kumari; Srivastava, R.M.
Open Access
Effect of occupational stress on family relationship among police personnel of rural and urban areas of Uttarakhand
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-06) Pooja Rani; Ahuja, Abha
Occupations are a part of everyday life and may even form a part of a person's existence. Occupational stresses have become predominant feature of modern life and it is common to each and every organization. The police organization is no exception to this rather policing is widely recognized as more stressful than any other occupation the nature of work, irregular duty hours and many more factors, which can trigger stress in police personnel. Stress may affect the personnel and professional life of police personnel. Therefore it was felt to study the occupational stress and its relationship with family. The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of occupational stress on police personnel family relation including marital satisfaction and family environment. The study was conducted in the state of Uttarakhand and two districts were selected for this purpose Udham Singh Nagar for urban sector and Pithoragarh for rural sector. From these districts two block were selected, Rudrapur from Udham Singh Nagar and Pithoragarh from Pithoragarh district. Total 140 Police personnel (70 from Rudrapur & 70 from Pithoragarh) were interviewed for this study. Independent variable selected for the study were age, family type, family size, year of job experience and no. of transfer, whereas dependent variable were occupational stress, family environment and marital satisfaction. The data were collected using structured questionnaire for background information, family environment and marital satisfaction and occupational stress index (OSS) by A.K. Srivastav & A.P. Singh (1984). The data obtained was analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t- test, and Chi-square test. The present study revealed that male police personnel had significantly high occupational stress than female police personnel and rural male police personnel had significantly high positive family environment than rural female police personnel whereas urban police personnel had no significant differences in family environment across their gender. Another observation was that male and female police personnel had no significant difference in marital satisfaction. As per the percentage basis, rural sector police personnel had moderate occupational stress, high family environment and high marital satisfaction than urban sector police personnel. Findings also revealed that family environment was not dependent on occupational stress whereas marital satisfaction was depended on occupational stress. The study showed that the police personnel from rural sector were having better family relationship than urban sector police personnel.
Open Access
A comparative study of educational aspirations & achievement motivation of visually impaired & sighted adolescents enrolled under inclusive & exclusive education
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-08) Joshi, Neha; Singh, Ritu
An individual receives impressions of the world through his sense organs. Senses are said to be the gateway to knowledge. More impressions reach the brain through the sense of sight than through all other senses combined. It has been thus, said that “eyes are the windows of the soul”. Thus, lack of sight makes the individual blind and aloof from the physical world. The present study was undertaken to assess the difference, if any, exists in the levels of educational aspirations and achievement motivation of visually impaired and sighted enrolled under inclusive and exclusive education in Uttarakhand. It has been realized that, there is a need to identify whether educational aspirations and motivation in inclusive and exclusive settings of visually impaired adolescent and sighted adolescent does make any differences. The sample for the present study comprised of four groups viz. a) visually impaired adolescents from exclusive educational settings b) visually impaired adolescents from inclusive educational settings c) Sighted adolescents from inclusive educational settings d) Sighted adolescents from exclusive educational settings .50 respondents were randomly selected under each group of sample from the identified locale so as to make a total sample of 200 respondents for the study. Educational aspiration and achievement motivation of the population under study was assessed by employing two tools viz. Level of Educational Aspiration Test (LEAT) developed by Dr. Yashmin Ghani Khan.(1999) and Achievement Motivation Scale (n-Ach) developed by Prof. Pratibha Deo and Dr. Asha Mohan(1985). The present study revealed that Education aspiration was found to be significantly higher in visually impaired adolescents of exclusive education as compared to visually impaired adolescents of inclusive education in all the domains of educational aspiration except reality of aspired goals. In sighted adolescents education aspiration was found to be significantly higher in inclusive education in family support and pupil’s view domain. However for the pupil’s effort and reality of aspired goals domains in sighted adolescents from exclusive education were found to be higher. Achievement motivation was found to be significantly higher in visually impaired adolescents of exclusive education as compared to visually impaired adolescents of inclusive education Socio –demographic and socioeconomic variables also influenced the levels of educational aspiration and achievement motivation. Significant difference was observed in terms of level of educational aspiration across gender in inclusive education of visually impaired adolescents and sighted adolescents of exclusive education, across birth order in inclusive and exclusive education of sighted adolescents, across number of siblings in inclusive and exclusive educational settings of visually impaired adolescents, across visual impairment in exclusive education, across visual impairment onset in inclusive education, across father’s and mother’s education in inclusive and exclusive education of visually impaired adolescents and sighted adolescents. No Significant difference was observed across family income and parent’s occupation. Significant difference was observed in terms of level of achievement motivation of visually impaired adolescents from inclusive education across number of siblings . Across father’s and mother’s education in inclusive and exclusive education of visually impaired adolescents and sighted adolescents, across father’s occupation of visually impaired adolescents under inclusive education, across family income visually impaired adolescents from exclusive education significant difference were found and no significant differences was observed in other variables under level of achievement motivation.

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