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20222
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Author: Joshi, Himanshu × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Hydrological response of a spring-fed mid-Himalayan micro-watershed using ArcSWAT
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-07) Joshi, Himanshu; Devendra, Kumar
    Morphometry and streamflow have always played a decisive role in the development of water resource programs, thus, making its quantification quite crucial. The present work attempts to determine the attributes of a spring-fed micro-watershed, i.e., Kosi R. headwaters, affecting its hydrological response via morphometric analysis, and using a hydrologic model named SWAT integrated over ArcGIS for the estimation of streamflow through facilely available topographical and hydro-meteorological data. The study area is located from latitude N29°50ʹ30ʺ to N29°52ʹ30ʺ and longitude E79°30ʹ30ʺ to E79°34ʹ30ʺ in the Almora district of Uttarakhand, with a spatial extent of 10.7 sq. km. The morphometric analysis suggests that the study area has a dendritic and sub-dendritic drainage pattern with a coarse drainage texture and large drainage density. The micro-watershed and the main channel slope are very steep (49.65 %) and steep (30.8 %), respectively, corresponding to lower infiltration and higher surface runoff with large flow velocities in the channel section. The drainage area is under the mature development stage, with the avg. HI of 0.495. The results from the SWAT and SWAT-CUP suggested that the developed model performed very well in simulating daily streamflow with the values of NSE, ɸ, and RSR of 0.88, 0.811, and 21.9 and 0.85, 0.86, and -3.8 for the calibration and validation period, respectively. Further, sensitivity analysis suggested that the curve number (CN2), available water capacity of soil layer (SOL_AWC()), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (SOL_K()) affect streamflow generation the most. The study also indicates that the surface runoff and ET are the prime processes of abstraction from the study area, with 49.79 % and 40.56 % of the annual precipitation escaping through these processes. The developed model thus provides a quantitative understanding of various hydrological processes occurring within the study area and can generate scenarios for identifying BMPs in soil and water conservation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Load frequency control of an isolated microgrid using model predictive control and PID with fuzzy logic control
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2022-01) Joshi, Himanshu; Singh, Rajiv
    In distribution network load frequency control and voltage control are major attention for smooth operation of micro grid. The control over load frequency is important mainly when isolated microgrid is remotely operated in rural areas. In isolated mode of operation microgrid operates independently. In this mode of operation, the critical load demand should be provided by the distributed generators present in the microgrid. If any real power mismatch is there between load demand and generation then frequency deviation comes into the picture. It causes flowing of circulating current in the system. The traditional PI/PID controller fails to keep the system deviations minimum over the wide range of working conditions. To overcome this problem this thesis suggests a secure LFC controllers for controlling the output frequency deviations in the isolated micro grid. It presents MPC approach and fuzzy logic control approach to control the deviations in isolated microgrid. Here we are using fuzzy logic with PID controller in order to control the parameters of PID controller for better control of frequency deviation. MPC uses state space model of isolated microgrid which is the combination of controllable and uncontrollable energy sources. For this model of isolated microgrid, MPC predicts the future output and respective input control signals to control the frequency of microgrid. MPC provides fully centralized control over the microgrid. Due to its simple and fast operation there are various application of model predictive control, mostly in industry. It takes less computational time and it can easily handle multiple constraints.