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2015 - 20183
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Author: Amarjeet Kumar × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mapping drought tolerance using teosinte derived BC1F2 population of maize (Zea mays L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Amarjeet Kumar; Singh, N.K.
    The present investigation was undertaken with wild progenitor teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis) and a maize inbred line DI-103.The 203 lines of BC1F2 mapping populations were phenotyped in two environmental conditions i.e. irrigated and moisture stress condition during the rabi season 2016-17 for twenty five morpho-physiological traits associated with drought tolerance. Phenotyped data were subjected to single marker analysis using forty three polymorphic markers. A total of 82 QTLs were identified to be associated with twenty four morpho-physiological traits except leaf firing. Out of 82 QTLs, four QTLs were found major QTLs and they were associated with anthesis silking interval, leaf rolling, plant height and thousand kernels weight. One major QTL linked with marker phi113 was detected for anthesis silking interval accounted for 11.79 per cent phenotypic variation. Marker umc1303 was linked with the major QTL responsible for 14.67 per cent phenotypic variation for leaf rolling .Two other minor QTLs were linked with the marker umc1444 and umc1156 explained 3.84 and 2.28 per cent of phenotypic variation for leaf rolling. The major QTL linked with marker umc1171 accounted for 13.25 per cent phenotypic variation for 1000 kernel weight. For the identification of drought tolerant lines rank score was used. The basis of ranking was the least reduction or positive increase between the performance of genotype in irrigated and moisture stress condition. Thirteen morpho-physiological traits from total of twenty five traits associated with the drought tolerance were used for identification of drought tolerant lines. Overall sum of rank scores for thirteen traits associated with drought tolerance revealed that AM-39 was the most drought tolerant genotype among all the 203 lines studied with total score of one hundred eight, followed by AM-64, AM-16, AM-42, and AM-102, whereas, AM-116 was the most susceptible with the least score of thirty four. The molecular characterization of five teosinte derived lines BC1 F4 reflected that the maximum allelic contribution lines from parent teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis) was found in the introgressed line AM-5 (53.4 per cent) followed by AM-12 (48.9 per cent), whereas, least contribution of 34.1 per cent was found in AM-7.The maximum contribution of 53.4 per cent from parent DI-103 was found in introgressed line AM-7 followed by AM-2 (42 per cent) and the least contribution was exhibited by AM-5 (27.3 per cent) followed by 33 per cent in the AM-12.The morphological characterization of teosinte derived BC1F4 lines exhibited that the yield contributing traits namely number of cobs ranged from 2 to 5. The maximum number of cob was found in AM-5 (5.00) followed by AM-2 (4.00). The largest variation in parents among all morphological traits was found in number cobs per plant i.e. inbred DI-103 (1.80), whereas, teosinte had 417 cobs. Ear length varied from 8.00 cm (AM-7) to 13.50 cm (AM-5). It is therefore, present findings might be concluded that the different morpho-physiological character associated with drought tolerance in maize and could be useful to combat the drought tolerance along with domestication of wild alleles.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological, physiological and molecular characterization for heat tolerance traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-06) Amarjeet Kumar; Swati
    Research work on combining ability analysis and gene action for yield and heat tolerance contributing traits along with characterization of wheat genotypes on the basis of morpho-physiological traits and linked SSR markers for heat tolerance of wheat genotypes was carried out using line x tester analysis. Randomized Block Design with three replications in two environments was used to study combining ability, gene action and heterosis, at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. 20 characters were used viz., days to 75% heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), tillers per plant, flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), spikelets per spike, grains per spike, grain weight per spike(g), 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield per plant (g), grain yield per plant (g), harvest index (%), awn length, grain filling duration, heat susceptibility index, chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression and relative injury (%). Field and molecular screening of genotypes was undertaken to classify the genotypes according to thermo tolerant and thermo sensitive response. JOB666 was identified as best general combiner for maximum number of traits spike length , number of productive tillers per plants, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, grain filling duration followed by HD3091 for heat susceptibility index, relative injury (%), chlorophyll content at 15 days after at anthesis, peduncle length, WAXWING for plant height, awn length, chlorophyll content at anthesis and HPW211 for number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, spikelets per spike in timely sown condition(E1) whereas, in late sown (E2) HD2961was recognized as good general combiner for maximum number of traits viz., grains per spike, canopy temperature depression (CTD) at anthesis, tillers per plant, spikelets per spike followed by HD3091 for relative injury (%), harvest index, peduncle length, WH1124 for chlorophyll content at anthesis, grain yield per plant, 1000 grain weight and JOB666 for CTD and Chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis. However, JOB666 emerged as best general combiner for maximum number of traits in pooled condition viz spike length, tillers per plant , grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, CTD, grain filling duration followed by HD3091 for peduncle length, harvest index, heat susceptibility index and WH1124 for 1000 grain weight, chlorophyll content at anthesis. Among the tester, WH1105 was best general combiner for chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis. WAXWING x HD3059 were identified as good specific combination for grains per spike, spikelets per spike, WAXWING x HD2967 for 1000 grain weight , grain yield per plant, HD3091 x WH1105 for relative injury (%), DBW90 x HD3059 for CTD at anthesis in E1. CBW12 x HD3059 was good specific combination for grains per spike, spikelets per spike and awn length, CTD at 15 days after anthesis, respectively. Whereas, UP2843xHD3059 for tillers per plant, DBW90 x HD3059 for grain yield per plant and HD2329 x WH1105 for relative injury (%) were good specific combination in E2. However, HD2961 x HD2967 for grain yield, UP2843 x WH1105 for grain filling duration, biological yield per plant, HD2329 x WH1105 for relative injury (%) were good specific combiner. In timely sown condition, JOB666 x HD3059, WAXWING x HD3059, WAXWING x HD2967, HPW211 x WH1105, JOB666 x HD3059, WH1021 x HD3059, WH1021 x WH1105, WAXWING x WH1105, CBW12 x HD2967, MACS6272 x WH1105, WH1124 x HD3059, JOB666 x HD3059, HPW211 x HD2967 and HD3091 x WH1105 were recognized as the best heterotic hybrids over all the levels, for the characters tillers per plant, spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight, weight of grain per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index, chlorophyll content at anthesis, CTD at anthesis, relative injury%, days to 75% heading, grain filling duration, grains per spike and heat susceptibility index, respectively. In late sown condition, HD2961 x HD2967, WH1124 x HD3059, HD2329 x HD3059, WH1124 x HD2967, HD2961 x HD3059, WH1124 x HD3059, JOB666 x HD3059, HD2961 x WH1105, JOB666 x WH1105, HD2329 x HD2967, WH1124 x HD3059, WAXWING x HD3059, HD2329 x WH1105 and HD3091 x WH1105 were recognized as the best heterotic hybrids over all the levels for the characters tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight, weight of grain per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, chlorophyll content at anthesis, CTD at anthesis, Chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis, relative injury %, days to 75% heading, grain filling duration, flag leaf area and heat susceptibility index, respectively. Genotypes HD2329, DBW90, HD3091, JOB666, HD2329, DBW90, JOB666, WH1021 and JOB666 were selected as heat tolerant on the basis of morpho physiological basis. Three primers Xgwm 268, Xgwm 484 and Xcfd 43 showed polymorphic bands out of fourteen primers, which were further used for molecular analysis.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological, physiological and molecular characterization for heat tolerance traits in bread Wheat (triticum aestivum l. em. thell)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-06) Amarjeet Kumar; Swati
    Research work on combining ability analysis and gene action for yield and heat tolerance contributing traits along with characterization of wheat genotypes on the basis of morpho-physiological traits and linked SSR markers for heat tolerance of wheat genotypes was carried out using line x tester analysis. Randomized Block Design with three replications in two environments was used to study combining ability, gene action and heterosis, at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. 20 characters were used viz., days to 75% heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), tillers per plant, flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), spikelets per spike, grains per spike, grain weight per spike(g), 1000 grain weight (g), biological yield per plant (g), grain yield per plant (g), harvest index (%), awn length, grain filling duration, heat susceptibility index, chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression and relative injury (%). Field and molecular screening of genotypes was undertaken to classify the genotypes according to thermo tolerant and thermo sensitive response. JOB666 was identified as best general combiner for maximum number of traits spike length , number of productive tillers per plants, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, grain filling duration followed by HD3091 for heat susceptibility index, relative injury (%), chlorophyll content at 15 days after at anthesis, peduncle length, WAXWING for plant height, awn length, chlorophyll content at anthesis and HPW211 for number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, spikelets per spike in timely sown condition(E1) whereas, in late sown (E2) HD2961was recognized as good general combiner for maximum number of traits viz., grains per spike, canopy temperature depression (CTD) at anthesis, tillers per plant, spikelets per spike followed by HD3091 for relative injury (%), harvest index, peduncle length, WH1124 for chlorophyll content at anthesis, grain yield per plant, 1000 grain weight and JOB666 for CTD and Chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis. However, JOB666 emerged as best general combiner for maximum number of traits in pooled condition viz spike length, tillers per plant , grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, CTD, grain filling duration followed by HD3091 for peduncle length, harvest index, heat susceptibility index and WH1124 for 1000 grain weight, chlorophyll content at anthesis. Among the tester, WH1105 was best general combiner for chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis. WAXWING x HD3059 were identified as good specific combination for grains per spike, spikelets per spike, WAXWING x HD2967 for 1000 grain weight , grain yield per plant, HD3091 x WH1105 for relative injury (%), DBW90 x HD3059 for CTD at anthesis in E1. CBW12 x HD3059 was good specific combination for grains per spike, spikelets per spike and awn length, CTD at 15 days after anthesis, respectively. Whereas, UP2843xHD3059 for tillers per plant, DBW90 x HD3059 for grain yield per plant and HD2329 x WH1105 for relative injury (%) were good specific combination in E2. However, HD2961 x HD2967 for grain yield, UP2843 x WH1105 for grain filling duration, biological yield per plant, HD2329 x WH1105 for relative injury (%) were good specific combiner. In timely sown condition, JOB666 x HD3059, WAXWING x HD3059, WAXWING x HD2967, HPW211 x WH1105, JOB666 x HD3059, WH1021 x HD3059, WH1021 x WH1105, WAXWING x WH1105, CBW12 x HD2967, MACS6272 x WH1105, WH1124 x HD3059, JOB666 x HD3059, HPW211 x HD2967 and HD3091 x WH1105 were recognized as the best heterotic hybrids over all the levels, for the characters tillers per plant, spikelets per spike, 1000 grain weight, weight of grain per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index, chlorophyll content at anthesis, CTD at anthesis, relative injury%, days to 75% heading, grain filling duration, grains per spike and heat susceptibility index, respectively. In late sown condition, HD2961 x HD2967, WH1124 x HD3059, HD2329 x HD3059, WH1124 x HD2967, HD2961 x HD3059, WH1124 x HD3059, JOB666 x HD3059, HD2961 x WH1105, JOB666 x WH1105, HD2329 x HD2967, WH1124 x HD3059, WAXWING x HD3059, HD2329 x WH1105 and HD3091 x WH1105 were recognized as the best heterotic hybrids over all the levels for the characters tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight, weight of grain per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, chlorophyll content at anthesis, CTD at anthesis, Chlorophyll content at 15 days after anthesis, relative injury %, days to 75% heading, grain filling duration, flag leaf area and heat susceptibility index, respectively. Genotypes HD2329, DBW90, HD3091, JOB666, HD2329, DBW90, JOB666, WH1021 and JOB666 were selected as heat tolerant on the basis of morpho-physiological basis. Three primers Xgwm 268, Xgwm 484 and Xcfd 43 showed polymorphic bands out of fourteen primers, which were further used for molecular analysis.