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Author: Abraham, Athira × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on genetic variability, inter-character association and genetic diversity for yield and component characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-09) Abraham, Athira; Baskheti, D.C.
    The present experiment entitled “Studies on Genetic Variability, Inter-Character Association and Genetic Diversity for Yield and Component Characters in Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.” was carried out at the N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during kharif 2020. This study was conducted in 32 genotypes of basmati rice for 17 yield and quality characters in complete randomized block design with three replications. The analysis variance of observation on 17 qualitative and quantitative traits, reported the presence of ample amounts of variability in the experimental material for all the characters. Flag leaf area exhibited highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation followed by alkali spreading value, spikelet fertility, number of grains per panicle and number of tillers per plant. Higher heritability and genetic advance was observed for characters like number of grains per panicle, plant height, and alkali spreading value. High heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects. Therefore, selection for these characters may be effective. Character association study under this experiment revealed that grain yield per plant showed highly significant positive correlation with number of tillers per plant (rg=0.368**), spikelet fertility (rg=0.394**), days to fifty percent flowering (rg=0.458), thousand grain weight (rg=0.512), number of grains per panicle (rg=0.424**), kernel length (rg=0.541**), kernel width (rg=0.812**) at genotypic level. So grain yield can be improved by selecting genotypes having higher performance these traits. Path coefficient analysis of direct and indirect effect of yield related traits on grain yield per plant indicates that characters like kernel length (0.829), days to fifty percent flowering (0.540), number of grains per panicle (0.345), plant height (0.222), amylose content (0.097) showed positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. Genetic diversity analysis through cluster analysis was also performed for the 32 genotype. The genotypes were distributed in 7 clusters on the basis of their traits in which Cluster V comprises of maximum (seven) genotypes followed by cluster I and cluster II containing six genotypes. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between cluster I and cluster II; hence hybridization among the genotype of these clusters will give good heterotic recombination. Genotypes RG-1810 and RG-1801 were found best for grain yield per plant and for other component traits. Hence these genotypes may be used as a donor in breeding programme or may be directly used as a variety for commercial cultivation.