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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: Maletha, Deeksha × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of protective efficacy of Cichorium intybus leaf powder in Imidacloprid intoxicated WLH cockerels
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-09) Maletha, Deeksha; Singh, S.P.
    This study was designed to evaluate the protective efficacy of Cichorium intybus leaf powder (CILP) following its administration @ 5000 ppm in feed alone and simultaneously with imidacloprid (IM) @ 100 ppm in feed for 8 weeks in WLH cockerels by determining hematological, biochemical and antioxidant parameters. Hydroethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extract of the leaves of Cichorium intybus was prepared for phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of antioxidant potential. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, reducing sugar, glycosides, proteins, fixed oils and fats, respectively. In vitro antioxidant evaluation by DPPH and ABTS assay showed that the hydroethanolic extract caused maximum inhibition of DPPH and ABTS and exhibited minimum IC50 in comparison to other extracts. For evaluation of protective efficacy of Cichorium intybus leaf powder (CILP) in imidacloprid (IM) intoxicated WLH cockerels, thirty male white leghorn chicks weighing 300-350 gm of 6-8 weeks of age were divided equally and randomly into five groups viz. I, II, III, IV and V. Group I served as control. Other groups were fed medicated ration containing CILP @ 5000 ppm in group II, IM @ 100 ppm in group III, IM @ 100 ppm plus SM @ 100 ppm in group IV and IM @ 100 ppm plus CILP @ 5000 ppm in group V, respectively, for 8 weeks in WLH cockerels. Hematobiochemical parameters were recorded at 4 and 8 weeks intervals and antioxidant parameters after 8 weeks, respectively. A significant (P<0.05) decline in body weight was recorded in imidacloprid treated cockerels in group III as compared to control group I, whereas CILP treatment alone and in combination with imidacloprid in groups II and V showed a significant(P<0.05) increase in body weight. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in Hb, TEC, TLC was observed in imidacloprid treated group III in comparison to control group I and the simultaneous administration of CILP in imidacloprid intoxicated cockerels in group V significantly improved the Hb, TEC and TLC levels. A significant (P<0.05) increase in ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, LDH, CK-MB, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, BUN, creatinine, triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and a significant (P<0.05) decline in HDL-cholesterol were observed in cockerels of imidacloprid treated group III. A significant (P<0.05) decline in value of these parameters was observed in simultaneously fed CILP groups V. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in CK-MB, BUN, triglycerides levels and a significant (P<0.05) increase in HDL-cholesterol level were observed in CILP group II as compared to control group I. A significant (P<0.05) decline in total serum protein, albumin, and globulin was seen in imidacloprid treated cockerels of group III as compared to control group I, whereas the simultaneous administration of CILP in imidacloprid intoxicated cockerels in group V showed a significant (P<0.05) improvement in values of these parameters and the values were at par with that of group IV and group I. Moreover, no significant difference was observed in group II as compared to control. A significant (P<0.05) decline in catalase, GSH and SOD and an increase in LPO in RBCs was observed in group III which, however, returned to normalcy following simultaneous administration of CILP in group V after 8 weeks, whereas the administration of CILP alone in group II significantly elevated the catalase, GSH and SOD activity as compared to control group I. A significant increase (P<0.05) in LPO, whereas a significant (P<0.05) decline in catalase and SOD levels in liver, kidney, testes, brain, spleen and heart were observed in group III intoxicated with imidacloprid whereas no significant difference was observed in group I and II, however, the simultaneous administration of CILP in group V modulated these parameters and restored them towards normalcy after 8 weeks in experimental WLH cockerels. It is concluded from this study that the extract of CILP exhibited the antioxidant property. Administration of imidacloprid @ 100 ppm in feed for 8 weeks produced haemotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic effects and oxidative stress, which were ameliorated following simultaneous administration of Cichorium intybus leaf powder (CILP) @ 5000 ppm for 8 weeks in white leghorn cockerels. CILP alone also improved general health following 8 weeks feeding trial in WLH cockerels.