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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: Arya, Nidhi × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Screening of leaves of Pongamia pinnata for anti arthritic activity in rats
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-10) Arya, Nidhi; Ahmad, A.H.
    The objective of this study was to screen the hydroethanolic extract of Pongamia pinnata leaves (PPHE) for its antiarthritic activity in Wistar rats. The phytochemical analysis of plant extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates, saponins, phenolic compounds, glycosides, and fixed oil & fats. Forty two rats of uniform age were randomly divided into seven groups comprising six rats in each group and treated as follows: Rheumatic arthritis was induced in rats of group II, III, VI, and VII by sub-planter injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) (0.1ml, 10% concentration single dose) in left hind paw. Treatment protocols were initiated from day 0 post confirmation of arthritis (after 72 hrs) and continue up to 28 days. Group I served as a control throughout the experimental period. Group II served as rheumatoid arthritis control. Group III was administered diclofenac sodium @ 4mg/kg b.wt three days after administration of FCA. Group IV and group V were administered hydroethanolic leaf extract of Pongamia pinnata (PPHE- 1) @ 100mg/kg b. wt and (PPHE-2) @ 200mg/kg b.wt respectively. Group VI and group VII were administered hydroethanolic leaf extract of Pongamia pinnata (PPHE-1) @ 100mg/kg b. wt and (PPHE-2) @ 200mg/kg b.wt respectively, pre-treated with FCA. Body weight, paw thickness, arthritic score, mobility score, antioxidant, sero-biochemical, hematological, radiographical, and histopathological parameters were studied. The results showed that no clinical sign and mortality were observed throughout the study. The PPHE at the dose of 200mg/kg showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in paw thickness, decrease in arthritic score and increase in mobility score, remarkably ameliorated hematological changes like Hb, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, ESR & TLC and sero-biochemical changes like AST, ALT, ALP, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, creatinine & BUN. The antioxidant status (SOD, catalase, GSH, and LPO) of PPHE at the dose of 200mg/kg was also found to be better than PPHE @ 100mg/kg. Furthermore, also showed significant effect in radiographic and histopathological analysis. Thus, it can be concluded from the present study that the higher dose of hydroethanolic extracts of Pongamia pinnata @ 200mg/kg has prominent antiarthritic activity.