Loading...
Theses
Browse
3 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of therapeutic potential of Cichorium intybus using high-throughput computational and heavy metals intoxicated rat models(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-08) Pathak, Abhishek; Singh, S.P.This thesis research work was undertaken to assess the therapeutic potential of Cichorium intybus using high throughput in silico, in vitro phytochemical and antioxidant analysis and in vivo study for lead and nickel induced subchronic toxicity and its amelioration in rats. In silico study revealed that selected phytoconstituents of Cichorium intybus had good oral bioavailability and rutin, cichoric acid, chlorogenic acid, lactopicrin and quercetin had highest binding affinity for CYP3A1 protein. Aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus leaves has highest percent yield followed by hydroethanolic extract (70%). Minerals like Ca+2, Mg+2 and Fe+2 were found in higher concentration than others in chicory leaf powder. Total flavonoid and phenolic content were found in higher concentration in hydroethanolic than aqueous and methanolic extracts of Cichorium intybus leaves. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant property of different extracts by DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide free radical scavenging assay showed that hydroethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus leaves (HECL) had minimum IC50 value and highest antioxidant property as compared to aqueous and methanolic extracts. For in vivo study, forty two male Wistar rats were divided equally and randomly into seven groups. Group I served as control and other groups were given orally lead @ 50 mg/kg b wt in group II, nickel @ 40 mg/kg b wt in group III, lead @ 50 mg/kg b wt + nickel @ 40 mg/kg b wt in group IV, lead @ 50 mg/kg b wt + HECL @ 250 mg/kg b wt in group V, nickel @ 40 mg/kg b wt + HECL @ 250 mg/kg b wt in group VI, lead @ 50 mg/kg b wt + nickel @ 40 mg/kg b wt + HECL @ 250 mg/kg b wt in group VII, respectively, daily for 90 days. A significant (p<0.05) reduction was observed in body weight and feed intake while mild to moderate changes in absolute organ weight in lead and nickel alone and in combination exposed rats whereas, HECL treatments did not show any significant changes in body weight and feed intake. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in TEC, TLC, Hb, PCV and platelet counts was observed in lead and nickel alone and combined groups whereas a significant (p<0.05) improvement in TEC, TLC, Hb, PCV and platelet count was observed after treatment with HECL. A significant (p<0.05) increase in serum lipid profile and serum ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and GGT activities while HDL was found to be decreased in lead and nickel alone and combined groups, however, these values were ameliorated in HECL treated groups. Serum creatinine and BUN level were increased significantly (p<0.05) in lead and nickel exposed rats while combined group showed more increase in concentration of these parameters which were significantly (p<0.05) restored by the HECL treatment. A significant (p<0.05) increase in erythrocyte and tissue lipid peroxidation was observed while decrease in GSH content, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activities in lead and nickel alone and in combination groups whereas a significant (p<0.05) improvement was observed in these parameters following simultaneous medication with HECL for 90 days. Exposure to lead and nickel alone and in combination induced DNA fragmentation in liver whereas treatment with HECL showed partial improvement. mRNA expression of CYP3A1 gene significantly (p<0.05) inhibited in lead and nickel alone and in combination groups whereas treatment with HECL significantly (p<0.05) restored mRNA expression of CYP3A1 gene in lead and nickel alone groups. Testicular injury biomarkers (LDH and GGT) activities were significantly (p<0.05) increased. A significant (p<0.05) decrease in live sperm percent, sperm motility and sperm count while increase in dead sperm percentage, HOST positive sperm and total number of abnormal sperms due to lead and nickel toxicity and combined group showed reproductive toxicity whereas HECL significantly (p<0.05) restored these parameters toward normalcy in lead and nickel alone treatment groups. Testicular injury biomarker (LDH and GGT) activity was significantly (p<0.05) increased in lead, nickel alone and combined exposed groups whereas HECL significantly (p<0.05) restored these enzyme activities. Histopathology changes in liver, kidney and testes and ultrastructure changes in liver by lead and nickel were also reversed by treatment with HECL. It is concluded from this investigation that HECL @ 250 mg/kg b wt reversed lead and nickel orally administered @ 50 and 40 mg/kg b wt alone and in combination, induced haemotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, alteration of drug metabolizing enzyme gene expression and reproductive toxic effect in a 90 days study in rats.ThesisItem Open Access Ameliorating potential of Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. and Chenopodium album Linn. in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene induced mammary tumour in wistar rats(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Nirbhay Kumar; Ahmad, A.H.Evaluation of ameliorating potential in terms of anticancerous and antioxidant properties of aerial parts of Trianthema portulacastrum and Chenopodium album was conducted in DMBA induced mammary tumorigenesis model in Wistar rats. The results of the quantitative phytochemical analysis of different extracts of both the plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, reducing sugars, glycosides, proteins, fixed oils and fat. Total phenolics and flavonoids in various extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album revealed maximum content in the hydroethanolic extract. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays for different extracts were also found to be highest in the hydroethanolic extract. In vitro studies in HeLa cell lines revealed better cytotoxicities and apoptotic effects in the hydroethanolic and hydromethanolic extracts for both the plants. Based on the findings of in vitro studies, the hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album were selected for in vivo studies. High doses of T. portulacastrum were found to be toxic in rats. The mammary tumours were induced in animals by oral administration of DMBA in two divided doses @ 50 and 30 mg/kg at an interval of one week. The curative anticancer study was done in DMBA induced mammary tumour bearing animals by giving two doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum (TPHE) and C. album (CAHE) for 30 days. The parameters evaluated included clinical, haematological and serum biochemical; oxidative stress related parameters like lipid peroxidation, GSH, catalase, SOD, and glutathione reductase; mRNA expression studies for apoptosis related genes like caspase-3, Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α; flow cytometry studies involving mitochondrial transmembrane potential and annexin V and propidium iodide was done for detecting percentage of apoptotic cells. The results revealed that TPHE and CAHE extracts were able to counteract the DMBA induced carcinogenesis. Comparatively, better curative anticancer activity was shown by TPHE 400 treated animals. The antioxidant status of TPHE 400 treated group was also found to be better than other groups. The protective study for evaluating the ability of these two extracts in preventing the development of mammary tumours was conducted by giving TPHE and CAHE extracts @ 200 mg/kg along with DMBA (50 and 30 mg/kg at interval of one week) treatment for 60 days. The results revealed that T. portulacastrum was having a comparatively better cancer preventing ability than C. album. Thus, it can be concluded from the present study that hydroethanolic extracts of T. portulacastrum and C. album has ameliorating potential against DMBA induced carcinogenesis.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of anticancer and antioxidant effects of Melia azerdarach and Cuminum cyminum in Wistar rats(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-04) Anu Gopal; Ahmad, A.H.
