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ThesisItem Open Access Study of genetic diversity in Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-08) Dhathri, Mondeddula; Singh, D.K.Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L., 2n=2x=22) is a tropical and subtropical vegetable of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia and Africa for its edible fruit. Twenty-eight genotypes including two check varieties Kashi Mayuri and Pant Karela-1 were evaluated in randomized block design during March-July, 2022 at the Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, to study the nineteen growth and yield related characters namely., main vine length(m), number of primary branches per vine, internodal length(cm), number of nodes per vine, days to first male flower, days to first female flower, node number at which first male flower appears, node number at which first female flower appears, days to 50% flowering, sex ratio, days to first fruit harvest, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, number of pickings, fruit yield per plant(kg), fruit yield per hectare(q). The pooled data was subjected to statistical analysis. The result of analysis of variance revealed that difference among bitter gourd genotypes was highly significant for all the characters. High PCV and GCV were recorded for main vine length(m), number of primary branches per vine, number of nodes per vine, node number at which first male flower appears, node number at which first female flower appears, sex ratio, fruit length (cm), fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, fruit yield per plant(kg), fruit yield per hectare(q). High heritability and high genetic advance as percentage of mean reported in the character number of fruits per plant followed by days to first female flower, fruit yield per hectare(q), fruit weight (g), number of nodes per vine, number of primary branches per vine, sex ratio, fruit yield per plant(kg), days to first fruit harvest, fruit length (cm), main vine length(m), days to 50% flowering, days to first male flower, number of seeds per fruit, node number at which first male flower appears, fruit diameter(cm), node number at which first female flower appears, number of pickings and internodal length(cm). Fruit yield per plant(kg) exhibited highly significant and positive association with fruit weight(g), fruit length(cm), fruit diameter(cm), number of pickings and number of seeds per fruit indicating the importance of these traits in selection for yield. The path coefficient analysis reported that highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant(kg) was contributed by the character fruit weight(g) followed by number of fruits per plant, days to first male flower, number of pickings, fruit diameter(cm) and days to first fruit harvest. The inter cluster D2 values of the eight clusters revealed that highest inter cluster generalized distance was observed between cluster VIII and VII indicating that the genotypes in these clusters can be used as parents in hybridization programme to develop high heterotic hybrids. Five genotypes namely Pusa Rasdar, Punjab karela-15, Pusa Vishesh, PBIG-36 and Kashi Mayuri were superior for fruit yield per plant(kg) and these genotypes may be considered as promising ones for the improvement of the bitter gourd cultivars in breeding programme.
