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20121
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Subject: Vegetable Science × Author: Ansari, Abdul Majid × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis, gene action and PCR based molecular analysis in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2012-03) Ansari, Abdul Majid; Singh, Y.V.
    Present investigation was carried out at GBPUA&T, Pantnagar. The field trial was conducted at Vegetable Research Centre (VRC) during 2009 to 2011, whereas PCR based molecular analysis work was carried out in PG Laboratory of the Department of Vegetable Science, Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory and Soybean Laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Pantnagar. The thirty six genotypes including eight parents and twenty eight F1s were evaluated in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated for fifteen important characters viz. days to first flowering, number of flowers per inflorescence, number of primary branches per plant, plant height (cm), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), average fruit weight (g), number of healthy fruits per plant, number of infested fruits per plant, total number of fruits per plant, weight of healthy fruits per plant (kg), weight of infested fruits per plant (kg), total yield per plant (kg), early yield per plant (kg) and yield per hectare(q). The data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Further, PCR based molecular analysis of fourteen genotypes of brinjal (thirteen genotypes of S. melongena and one genotype of S. aethiopicum) was done using three molecular markers i.e. RAPD, ISSR and SSR. A wide range of phenotypic variation was observed among the genotypes with regards to plant type and shape, size and colour of flowers and fruits. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all the attributes under study which clearly indicated sufficient variability in the investigation. For fruit yield per hectare the crosses BARI x PB-66, BARI x PR andPB-71 x PS were found most heterotic hybrids over both the years. Pant Rituraj, Pant Samrat, BARI and S.aethiopicum were found good general combiners for different characters. The cross BARI x PB-66, BARI x PR and BARI x PS showed highest sca effect for most of the characters. Other good specific combiners were PB-71 x PR, BARI x PB-71 and S. aethiopicum xBARI. Therefore, these cross combination could be commercially exploited for higher yield. Non allelic interaction of genes were observed on scaling test for all the characters studied, hence six parameter model was applied to all the characters to detect the type of epistasis for each character. Almost all characters showed duplicate type of epistasis, except fruit length and early yield in family 1 and number fruits per plant and early yield in family 4, which showed complementary type of epistasis. Hence, these results could be useful for deciding the most suitable method of breeding programme in future. Three marker systems invariably showed large variation between all genotypes. At 80 % similarity level, RAPD resulted in 7 clusters, ISSR (at 90%) and SSR resulted in 6 clusters for the 14 genotypes. The clustering pattern obtained through combined molecular markers data was almost similar to cluster obtained through ISSR markers data. The result revealed that SSR markers were more effective in discriminating different genotypes during genetic diversity analysis hence may be considered as more efficient marker for genetic diversity studies in brinjal germplasm.