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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × Author: Goswami, Ajay Puri × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of storage conditions, treatments and threshing methods on seed quality parameters in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-01) Goswami, Ajay Puri; Vishunavat, Karuna
    Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is an important source of vegetable oil and plant protein. Soybean is an orthodox seed and it deteriorates rapidly under high RH and Temperature and causes various physiological and biochemical seed quality losses. To study the effect of storage conditions, treatments, and threshing methods on seed quality in soybean, a series of laboratory and field experiment were conducted in Department of Plant Pathology and at NEB Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Distt- U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand) in 2013 and 2014. Studies on natural aging of seed material, variety PS 1347 treated with following seed coating treatments: T0 (Control), T1 (Polymer coating diluted with 5 ml of water), T2 (Flowable thiram @2.4ml/kg), T3 (Polymer+Flowable thiram @2.4 ml/Kg seed), T4 (Vitavax 200 @2g/Kg seed), T5 (Polymer+Vitavax 200 @2g/Kg seed) and stored in cloth bag (C1) and polythene bag (C2) (700 gauge) at ambient conditions at different storage periods. Studies on accelerated aging consisted of four soybean varieties viz., PS 1347 (V1), PS 1042 (V2), PK 472 (V3) and PK 262 (V4) and aged for five aging periods viz., 1 days accelerated aging (T1), 2 days accelerated aging (T2), 3 days accelerated aging (T3), 4 days accelerated aging (T4) and 5 days accelerated aging (T5) and control (T0). In experiment on effect of threshing methods six soybean varieties viz., JS 335(V1), PS 1347(V2), PK 262(V3), PK 472(V4), PK 327(V5) and V6 (PK564) were used and two methods viz., hand threshing (T1) and stick beating (T2), used explored for their effect on seed quality parameters. Seed moisture content, abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, Aspergillus flavus infection, free fatty acids increase while percent germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling vigour index-I, seedling vigour index-II and percent seed viability, percent oil content, percent protein and field emergence decreased rapidly as the period of storage increases, irrespective of storage containers. The increase or decrease in these parameters was at slower pace in seeds stored in polythene bag under ambient conditions. Among all storage treatments, T5 (Polymer+Vitavax 200@2g/Kg seed) followed by T2 (Flowable thiram (Royal flow 40SC)@2.4ml/Kg) and T4 (Vitavax 200@2g/Kg seed) were found highly effective during storage and maintained highest seed quality parameters over other seed treatments. During accelerated aging, in all four varieties viz., PS 1042, PS 1347, PK 262 and PK 472, electrical conductivity increased but percent germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I, vigour index-II decreased with an increase in accelerated aging periods. Out of all four varieties, variety PS 1042 performed better in respect to seed quality parameters and maintained germination above MSCS level even after 72 hours of accelerated aging. Variety PS 1042 performed better followed by PS 1347 during accelerated aging while PK 262 and PK472 performed poorly. Accelerated aging at 72 hours in variety PS 1347, exhibited the percent germination equal to six months of natural aging of seeds stored in cloth bag, while percent germination equals to ten months of natural aging of seeds, stored in polythene bag. Variety PS1347 and PK262 was found to have minimum seed quality losses when threshed with stick beating. Hand threshing in all the varieties used was remained superior over stick beating. The findings indicates that polythene bag (700 gauge) was found suitable for long term storage of soybean seeds as compared to cloth bag and treatments T5, T2 and T4 performed better during storage. Studies revealed that variety PS 1042 is a good storer, variety PS 1347 an intermediate storer and varieties PK262 and PK472 are poor storer. For stick beating variety PS1347 and PK262 showed maximum resistance and showed minimum seed quality losses.