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20183
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Subject: Poultry Science × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2018 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Expression and evaluation of immune-potential of recombinant penton base and fibre proteins of Inclusion body Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome (IBH-HPS) virus of domestic fowl
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-07) Trivedi, Raj Narayan; Rajesh Kumar
    Present study deals with epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis, expression and immune potential of recombinant penton base and fibre proteins of IBH-HPS virus isolates recovered from natural outbreaks. Epidemiological analysis revealed that mortality ranged from 0.5% to 20% and disease outbreak was mainly observed in 21 to 42 days old broiler chickens. Twenty samples, found positive for IBH-HPS virus antigens serologically by AGID, were subjected to virus isolation in CEL culture. Followed by DNA was extracted from infected CEL cells (4th passage). Amplification of L1 loop region (~900bp) of hexon gene was done followed by RFLP analysis with six restriction enzymes which revealed two RFLP pattern. L1 loop region of hexon gene amplicon was cloned and sequenced to determine serotype of IBH-HPS isolates, which indicated that nineteen isolates are FAdV- 11/2 while one is FAdV-8b. L1 loop sequence based phylogenetic analysis revealed that our sequences clustered into one major cluster having similarity with the Fowl adenovirus class D, E and C along with strains FAdV-2, 4, 10, 11, 8b. Penton base and fibre genes from selected isolate (Pantnagar/HA-14/R-21) were PCR amplified and amplicons of about 1713bp and 1668bp respectively were obtained. Cloning and sequencing of the penton base and fibre gene was done and checked for the presence of complete ORF. Both the genes were expressed in E.coli and expressed proteins were found to be immunoreactive in western blotting with known serum. Immune – potential of recombinant proteins was evaluated by inoculating with FCA in SPF chicks. Maximum protection (80%) was observed with fibre protein and antibody titre was maximum for fibre protein at every point of time. Virus shedding was observed in feces for shortest period i.e. upto 8th day post challenge in chicks receiving fibre protein.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on socio-economic profile of broiler farmers in foothills of Kumaon region of Uttarakhand
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-06) Neha Parveen; Shive Kumar
    The present study was carried out on 120 randomly selected broiler farms in foothills of Kumaon region, Uttarakhand. Socio-economic profile of the farmers was evaluated by dividing their socio-economic characteristics into different categories and cost and returns were estimated only in 45 farms, considering flock size and education as factor. Both flock size and education status were classified into three categories. Farmers were interviewed personally by using well-prepared questionnaire to analyze the effect of socio-economic factors on communication source and to identify various problems faced in broiler farming and suggestions given by the farmers to overcome those problems. Majority of the farmers were young, male, non-vegetarian, untrained, marginal and Hindu, preferred chicken meat and had no taboos in adopting broiler farming. More than half of the broiler farmers practiced broiler farming as a subsidiary occupation and had large flock size. According to flock size average total fixed cost per broiler was Rs. 4.01, total variable cost Rs. 147.13, total cost Rs. 151.15, gross returns Rs.181.83, net returns Rs. 30.69 and BCR was 1.20. According to education average total fixed cost per broiler was Rs. 4.33, total variable cost Rs. 146.81, total cost Rs. 151.13, gross returns Rs.181.79, net returns Rs. 30.66 and BCR was 1.20. The major items of total variable costs were feed followed by day old chicks. It revealed that flock size and education had significant effect on all the components of cost and returns except in case of interest on variable cost, flock size had no significant effect. Based on benefit-cost ratio, investment on broiler farms found most profitable on the large sized farms and on the farms of highly educated farmers. Flock size, land holding and experience had no significant effect on communication source for adopting broiler farming except education, which means education played major role in getting communication from different sources. High feed cost followed by high cost of day old chicks and more fluctuation in price followed by less organized marketing system were major problems at production and marketing level, respectively. Most of the farmers suggested that feed and day old chicks should be provided at subsidized rates and well-organized marketing system should be available in broiler farming.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of dietary black cumin (Nigella sativa) supplementation on performance of commercial broilers
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-07) Naula, Namita; Singh, C.B.
    In the present investigation, experimental, trial was conducted on 120, day old broiler chicks (cob-400 strain) for a period of 6 weeks, to study the effect of black cumin supplementation on the growth performance, carcass traits and certain hemato-biochemical and health status related parameters. In the investigation, experimental broiler chicks were randomly divided into four dietary groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) each group having three replications consisting of ten broiler chicks each. The different groups were supplemented with black cumin @ 0, 0.05, 0.75 and 1.00 per cent in the experiment. Growth parameters were studied at weekly intervals as well as for starter (I-III week), finisher (IV -VI week) and overall periods (I-VI weeks). At the end of experiment on 42nd day, two broiler chickens from each replicate (six broiler birds/ treatment) were randomly slaughtered for carcass yield, yield of cut up parts, organ weights and processing losses. Representative blood samples were also collected for study of hemato-biochemical parameters. The results of the experiment indicated that dietary inclusion of black cumin in broiler chickens increased body weight gain, increased feed intake, improved feed conversion ratio and performance index significantly (P<0.05), with best performance during all the periods was noted in group supplemented with 0.5 per cent of black cumin. The dressed yield with and without giblet were significantly (P<0.05) affected by black cumin supplementation. Breast and back weight were significantly higher due to supplementation of black cumin. Weight of thigh, drumstick, neck and wings were not significantly affected by black cumin supplementation. Black cumin supplementation significantly improved gizzard weight. Heart and liver weight and processing losses were not affected by black cumin supplementation. Hematological parameters such as TEC, TLC, PCV and Hb values showed significant impact of black cumin supplementation while MCV showed significant decrease and MCH showed non-significant impact of black cumin seeds supplementation in broilers chickens. Decreased concentration of serum glucose, serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides whereas increased concentration of HDL cholesterol was noticed in black cumin supplemented groups. Protein profile showed significant improvement in total protein and globulin with black cumin supplementation and non significant effect on the albumin and albumin-globulin ratio. From the results of present study it can be concluded that, dietary black cumin supplementation at 0.05 per cent level may be advised to improve growth performance and FCR while 1percent level may be advised to improve carcass yield and hemato-biochemical parameters and also decrease in serum total cholesterol and production lean meat of broiler chickens.