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20202
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological aspects of Zinc biofortification in rice through foliar spray of Zinc
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-11) Kothari, Munmun; Guru, S.K.
    Zinc is an essential micronutrient needed for biological metabolism, normal growth and development of plants as well as humans. Zinc deficiency is among the top five micronutrient deficiencies affecting one-third of the world’s population, especially among rural communities. The main reason for this deficiency is the intake of food with low zinc content. Rice, a staple food for majority of the world population is inherently low in zinc concentration. Biofortification of rice grains with zinc can help to combat this micronutrient deficiency to a large extent. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of foliar zinc application on growth, yield and nutritional quality of rice grains. The investigation was carried out in N.E.B. Crop Research Centre, Pantnagar during rainy season 2019-2020. Rice variety Pant Dhan 12 was grown in the field. Zinc was applied at four concentrations (105, 210, 420 and 840 ppm zinc) with the number of sprays varying from one to three at 30, 45 and 60 DAE. The results showed that zinc application had a promoting effects on number of tillers per square metre, LAI, number of panicles per square metre, biological yield, grain yield and straw yield. The maximum increase in biological yield was recorded with three sprays of 420 ppm of zinc. Harvest index and test weight remain unaffected by zinc application. Biochemical analysis revealed that chlorophyll content increased when treated with three sprays of 210 ppm of zinc. The study revealed that three sprays of 840 ppm one each at 30, 45 and 60 DAE was most effective for increasing grain yield as well as the zinc content of leaves, straw and grains.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Nitrogen and γ- Aminobutyric acid application on morphological and physiological parameters in maize (Zea mays L.) under excess soil moisture
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-09) Sudarshana Ranjan; Bains, Gurdeep
    In India, maize is the third most important food crop next to rice and wheat. It is also an important industrial raw material which provides large opportunity for value addition. Waterlogging is one of the major constraints limiting maize (Zea mays L.) production, especially in the Indian subcontinent. It is commonly considered as the crop sensitive for waterlogging, where soil moisture content reaches 80 % of field capacity, maize growth and production gets severely reduced. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a small signaling molecule that accumulates rapidly in plants exposed to various stresses; allows the normal physiological metabolism under hypoxia by inhibiting the GAD activity and maintaining the balance of carbon and nitrogen. Nitrogen element is an essential element affecting crop yield, which plays main role to synthesize the photosynthetic pigments. To evaluate the efficacy of GABA and nitrogen on morphological and physiological characteristics in maize in different planting system under excess soil moisture stress condition, a field experiment was conducted during the kharif season 2019 at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar.The experiment consisting of two planting system, six treatment combinations of GABA and Nitrogen under ponding conditions along with non ponded condition which was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The recommended dose of nutrients was 120: 60: 40 kg N:P2O5:K2O/ha. Plant geometry was 60 cm 25 cm and crop was grown as per practice. Application of GABA and Nitrogen had significant impact on morphological and physiological parameters such as plant height, leaf area index, NDVI, chlorophyll flourescence, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, total soluble carbohydrate superoxide dismutase and malonialdehyde, grain yield, and planting system had significant impact on leaf angle,crop lodging and grain yield. All the parameters showed significant difference between ponded and nonponded condition. Research findings of this study revealed that GABA showed pronounced effect on alleviating excess soil moisture stress but for yield increasing nitrogen is more benefical under excess soil moisture. Among all treatments application of GABA + nitrogen showed best results to overcome the losses due to ponding