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Subject: Mechanical Engineering × Author: Pankaj Kumar × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Optimization of resistance spot welding process parameters for cold rolled mild steel lap joint based on tensile shear strength
    (G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Pankaj Kumar; Bisht, Neeraj
    Owing to its numerous applications weld characteristics of cold rolled mild steel grade IS 513 CR 1 was investigated. Resistance spot welding, one of the most versatile welding technology was used for the purpose. The three most important parameters of the RSW namely welding current, welding time and electrode pressure were varied and the influence on the Tensile Shear Strength (TSS) was evaluated. The experiments were carried out according to Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array and Taguchi analysis was used in optimization. A lap joint of dimensions 120mm x 30 mm x 1.5mm was welded using a 100 kVA timer, current-controlled CSP-100PR Spot Welder, to create an overlap of 3 mm thickness. According to Taguchi’s L9 OA welding current cycles of 5, 10 and 15 were selected. During the welding process, the welding current was changed by adding 2 kA from 10 to 14 kA and the electrode pressure were taken to be 4, 5 and 6 bar. The Main effects plots revealed the optimal setting for the process parameters as welding current of 14 kA (Level 3), welding time of 15 cycles (Level 3), and electrode pressure of 4 bar (Level 1). The optimized process parameters showed the maximum TSS of the spot weld joint. ANOVA was carried out to identify the significant process parameters affecting the weld strength. Furthermore, the contribution of welding current was found to be 67.38% which had the maximum influence on the TSS of the welded joint. The contour plots showed that on increasing welding current and welding time with decreasing electrode pressure the Tensile Shear Strength of lap joint was increased by 55.78%, 26.27% and 33.65% respectively
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with wintergreen biofuel and diesel with diethyl ether as an additive
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-09) Pankaj Kumar; Tewari, P.C.
    Energy is a fundamental component of social and economic development. A nation's energy strategy aims for productivity and security, as well as providing environmentally friendly access and achievement of primary resources for energy generation. Petroleum fuels will continue to play a dominant role in our country's energy sector in the coming decades. However, conventional fuel resources are limited, non-renewable, and polluting, and should thus be used with caution, whereas renewable energy sources are indigenous, non-polluting, and abundant. As a result, their use should be encouraged in any way possible. The aim of this present work is to blend wintergreen biofuel with diesel and diethyl ether in the proposed percentage and to test performance parameters such as brake power, fuel consumption, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, and emission characteristics (exhaust temperature, smoke density, exhaust gas emissions) experimentally on 3.7 kW rated power, single cylinder four stroke compressed ignition engine. The current study led to the conclusion that wintergreen oil blending in diesel is restricted to 30% for comparable performance and emission characteristics with diesel fuel. Increasing wintergreen biofuel proportion led to increased performance characteristics such as BTE, BSFC and reduced CO emissions and decreased smoke density. It is concluded that wintergreen oil blended 20% in diesel gives best performance and emission characteristics at all loads.