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20043
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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × End date: 2004 × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Live stock waste management strategies: evaluation of therapeutic efficiency of cow urine
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2004-07) Manirajan, P.; Sharma, R.J.
    In recent years, our vision is going to search for various naturally occurring compounds with antimicrobial activities because the development of resistance amongst the pathogens against so many synthetic antibiotics and fungicides. Many advocates claim that urine as a ‘panacea’. Admiration of the cow’s gentleness, products and power led the secular associations with the status of mother. Any place plastered by cow dung and any house sprinkled by cow urine are considered as sacred (or) pollution free. The ancient literature available in ayurveda is full of versions of utilization of cow urine as a potent medicine for various ailments of human beings and also it throws magnificent light on the importance of cow. The antimicrobial properties of cow urine were tested against the E. coli, Staph. aureus and S. enterica and found that the cow urine in pure form have comparatively more antimicrobial effect than in diluted form. In case of pharmacological properties of cow urine were tested in laboratory rats and Ascaridia galli (Poultry intestinal worms). The result on body weight gain weight gain of alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed higher weight gain when compared with other group of rats. Effect of cow urine on plasma glucose level of alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed no definite trend in reduction. The anthelminitc effect of cow urine and its extract on the spontaneous motility of Aseardia galli proved its anthelmintic properties. The cow urine and its extract reduced the blood pressure in rats. Finally, the cow urine extract showed increased amplitude and PR interval on ECG of rats with increased doses. The present studies showed that urine have both antimicrobial and pharmacological properties.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Livestock waste management strategies: Physical and biochemical characterization of cow urine
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2004-06) Davis, Justin; Sharma, R.J.
    India is the world’s largest milk producer and ranks first in cattle and buffalo population. India has 221.90 million cattle and this huge population of cattle produces tonnes of waste products per day. Cow dung and urine are the major livestock wastes in cattle farming. Cow dung is utilized for application as manure to crops, for making of dung patties for burning, composting, bio-gas production etc. Cow urine if collected separately is a valuable product from the cow. There are still no scientific methods for utilization of cow urine. But traditionally cow urine is used therapeutically, as urine or in combinations, as medicine for human and animal treatment and in application on plants as bio-pesticides. Advanced studies on therapeutic efficiency of cow urine will require the knowledge on the properties of cow urine. So the present study was under taken to investigate the physical and biochemical characterization of cow urine produced from different genetic and age groups of cattle. The animals for the study were divided into two genetic groups namely, Sahiwal and crossbred and three age groups namely lactating cows, heifers and calves. The organic solvent extraction of urine was done with dioxane and the urine extracts obtained were also studied. The physical characterization of urine and urine extracts revealed that specific gravity, surface tension and refractive index were higher for crossbreds than Sahiwal, where as the viscosity was higher for Sahiwal than crossbreds. The max of U.V. absorbance showed same values for all groups of animals. The study on age groups showed that lactating cows had highest value followed by heifers and calves incase of viscosity, surface tension and refractive index; whereas heifers had highest value followed by lactating cows and calves for specific gravity. The urine samples had higher values than corresponding urine extracts for surface tension and max of absorbance while the urine extracts had higher values for specific gravity, viscosity and refractive index. The biochemical characterization of urine and urine extracts showed that, among genetic groups, pH, total solid, ash, urea, creatinine, total protein, calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium and manganese concentration were higher for crossbreds while, sodium, copper and zinc concentration for urine and urine extracts were higher in Sahiwal. Among age groups, lactating cows had higher values for pH, urea, creatinine, calcium, magnesium and manganese concentration and heifers had higher values, in case of total solid, ash, total protein, potassium, copper and zinc concentration of urine and urine extracts. The calves had higher values of sodium and iron concentration. The micro minerals namely cadmium, chromium and lead could not be detected in any sample of urine or urine extracts. Urine samples had higher values than urine extracts for total solid, ash, urea, creatinine, total protein and all the macro and micro mineral concentration, where as pH was more in extracts than urine. The present study showed that urine varied for the physical and biochemical characters for the different genetic and age groups under study.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Livestock waste management strategies: Evaluation of therapeutic efficiency of cow urine
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2004-07) Manirajan, P.; Sharma, R.J.
    In recent years, our vision is going to search for various naturally occurring compounds with antimicrobial activities because the development of resistance amongst the pathogens against so many synthetic antibiotics and fungicides. Many advocates claim that urine as a „panacea‟. Admiration of the cow‟s gentleness, products and power led the secular associations with the status of mother. Any place plastered by cow dung and any house sprinkled by cow urine are considered as sacred (or) pollution free. The ancient literature available in ayurveda is full of versions of utilization of cow urine as a potent medicine for various ailments of human beings and also it throws magnificent light on the importance of cow. The antimicrobial properties of cow urine were tested against the E. coli, Staph. aureus and S. enterica and found that the cow urine in pure form have comparatively more antimicrobial effect than in diluted form. In case of pharmacological properties of cow urine were tested in laboratory rats and Ascaridia galli (Poultry intestinal worms). The result on body weight gain weight gain of alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed higher weight gain when compared with other group of rats. Effect of cow urine on plasma glucose level of alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed no definite trend in reduction. The anthelminitc effect of cow urine and its extract on the spontaneous motility of Aseardia galli proved its anthelmintic properties. The cow urine and its extract reduced the blood pressure in rats. Finally, the cow urine extract showed increased amplitude and PR interval on ECG of rats with increased doses. The present studies showed that urine have both antimicrobial and pharmacological properties.