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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Mahara, Soni × End date: 2004 × Start date: 2004 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutrient management for high frequency in vitro regeneration of plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cv. santa rosa and acclimatization of plantlets
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2004-07) Mahara, Soni; Kumar, Vandana A.
    Present study was undertaken for micropropagation of Santa Rosa plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) with high frequency regeneration and successful acclimatization of plants. Whole course of investigation was divided into four stages viz. explant establishment, shoot proliferation, root induction & prehardening of rooted plantlets followed by acclimatization. Nodal segments were collected from mature mother plant during April to July and established in MS medium (with 0.5 mg/l BA; 0.05 mg/l IBA) using three types of containers i.e. test tubes, bottles, culture tubes. Proliferation was done is 3 sequences of subculturings i.e. Flow I, Flow II, Flow III using fourteen media (Pr1 to Pr14) which had different levels of nutrients and PGRs like PG and thiamine and uniform concentration of 0.1 mg/l IBA, 1.0 mg/l BA, 0.05 mg/l GA3. Rooting was done in MS medium (half strength nitrates and rest high nutrients) supplemented with 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/l IBA (Ro2, Ro3, Ro4, respectively) and were prehardened by shifting to hormone and sucrose free Pa medium (photoautotrophic hardening) and loosening of caps (heterotrophic hardening). Chlorophyll and cuticular wax were estimated at different time intervals for the comparison of prehardening treatments. Among four explant collection periods, July month was considered best as it gave 51 percent explant establishment. Test tube with cotton plug supported maximum explant survival (92.31%), hence, considered most suitable culture vessel for explant establishment. During proliferation Flow I, cultures showed initial growth of leaves but not shoot multiplication and also developed nutrient deficiency symptoms, hence rejected. Pr12 medium (high nutrients, PG 162 mg/l, extra thiamine 0.9 mg/&1.2 times iron) was found to be the best and showed 1:38 multiplication ratio after 210 days of implantation in Flow II and 1:41 in Flow III(established nodal segments directly subcultured in Pr12 medium) after 180days of implantation .Hence, Flow III was found most suitable for proliferation. Rooting of proliferated shoots was found early (within a week) and maximum (65.30%) in Ro3 medium (1.5 mg/l IBA, - charcoal). Phtoautotrophically prehardened plants showed 80% survival rate with quick growth response (within 2 days of transplanting in soil). Moreover 2.92 times increase in cuticular wax content (0.17 to 0.4975 mg/cm2 leaf area) and 1.2 times increase in total chlorophyll content (from 116.02 to 138.65 mg/g leaf) was recorded after 21 days of acclimatization including prehardening . The complete micropropagation protocol of Prunus salicina cv. Santa Rosa took 210 days right from explant establishment to field hardening and 1498 shootlets were estimated to be produced from 36 explants.