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Theses

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20174
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Subject: Entomology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of forecasting model for Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) and population dynamics of insects associated with rapeseed-mustard
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Patel, Shweta; Singh, C.P.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on transmission of yellow mosaic virus and management of its vector whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Mogalapu, Swathy; Gaur, Neeta
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioefficacy and use of eco-friendly plant and animal origin formulations for the management of pest complex of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Tukaram, Chavan Vikas; Karnatak, A.K.
    During present investigation different insecticides and plant and animal origin formulations were evaluated against sucking pest and fruit borers, infesting chilli crop. Present study was a documentation of evaluation of newer insecticides and plant and animal origin formulations against insect pests in chilli crop indicated that incidence of aphid, thrips, whitefly, cut worm and fruit borer commenced on crop around 25-30 days after transplanting. Among the different insecticides tested against major insect pests of chilli the treatments Fipronil 200 SC 250 ml/ha, Fipronil 200 SC 200 ml/ha, Fipronil 200 SC 150 ml/ha, Lamda cyhalothrin 5EC 300 ml/ha, Fipronil 5 SC 1000ml/ha, Imidacloprid 200SL 250 ml/ha, were found most effective and the maximum fruit yield of chilli was also obtained in these treatments, while the treatments Lamda cyhalothrin 4.9% CS 15 g a.i./ha and Indoxacarb 14.5% SC60 g a.i/ha least effective. In 2015 Maximum yield of 7.95 q ha-1 and 4.69 q ha-1 was obtained in chilli crop treated with Fipronil 200 SC250 ml/ha and NSKE @ 7% respectively, in 2016 same trend was recorded in chili crop. The infestation of thrips recorded highest in the month of May during 2015.The population of whitefly reached its peak during June month and for aphid was during August. The cut worm population in chilli was maximum in the August during 2015 and for Helicoverpa the peak period of activity was during May and august.Insect pests of chilli as affected by sowing dates as a pest control measure, it is concluded that early sowing (April 1st to 30th April) resulted in low incidence of aphids, thrips, whitefly, cut worms and fruit borers. Such low level of insect pest caused less crop injury which resulted in enhancing green fruit yield of chilli. The appropriate planting time can be April 1st.Also in 2015-16 early sowing recorded less incidence of pests on chilli crop. Significantly less mean population of sucking pests viz., aphids, thrips, whitefly, cut worm and fruit borer were observe in Module –III (Chemical module) and followed Module-II (Organochemical module), M-1 (Organic module). Significantly higher number of aphids , thrips, whitefly, cut worms and fruit borers were recorded in M-V(untreated control)in 2015 .
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of plant and animal origin products on quality of honey, growth parameters and foraging behavior of honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus in mustard crop
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-03) Bisht, Brijesh; Tiwari, Ruchira
    The preliminary and innovative studies on effect of eco-friendly plant and animal origin products were conducted to evaluate their bio-efficacy on the growth parameters, foraging behaviour of honey bee in mustard crop as well as their comparative toxicities to inner hive bees and outer forager bees with effect on quality of honey samples collected from treated A. mellifera bee colonies during 2015-17 at G.B. Pant university of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. During the field experiments, the data collected on the effect of eco-friendly products on honey bees reared in, both newly drawn and one year old beeswax frames for six generations, vividly suggested that these eco-friendly formulations did not have any adverse effect on the growth aspects of honey bees, in turn the results were showing the synergistic effect of these products as the per cent egg hatching in old frames and new frames for all formulations was above 75%. There was no adverse effect on overall mean weight of all stages of worker honey i.e. (larval, pupal and newly emerged bees) .The overall impact of animal based products namely Desi cow urine, Buffalo urine and Jersey urine on all life stages of honey bees was fruitful, as the mean sealed worker brood areas for six generations was found highest in Desi cow urine for both old and new frame as (304.26 cm2) and (311.63 cm2), respectively. But, Goat urine and plant extracts such as Neem leaf cow urine extracts (NLCUE) and Ajwain seed cow urine extracts (ASCUE ) did not show promotion in growth parameters of honey bee with the least mean sealed worker brood areas calculated ranged from in old bee frames and in new bee frames respectively and require further investigations to validate their outcomes. The effect of eco-friendly plant and animal origin products showed affirmative results for foraging rate and speed of honey bees, A. mellifera in treated mustard crop. The foraging rate of honey bee, showed great variability in different time intervals, the maximum foraging rate of (24 flowers visit/bee/ min) was observed between 12:00-1:00 PM on the mustard crop sprayed with Desi cow urine @ 20%, while the highest foraging speed (5.0 sec/bee/flower) was observed in Holstein cow urine @ 20% sprayed crop both at 12:00-1:00 PM and 3:00-4:00 PM. The minimum visits of 6.67 flowers/bee/min. was recorded in ASCUE @ 2.0% between 3:00-4:00PM. The minimum foraging speed was observed in crop sprayed with goat urine @ 20% with (2.0 sec/bee/flower). The effect of eco-friendly formulations are further justified by the yield of the mustard crop that was observed maximum in Desi cow urine sprayed crop (29.89 (q/ha) and minimum in chemical Imidacloprid treated crop (11.35 q/ha) with average yield of mustard seeds (23.38 q/ha) was calculated in untreated mustard crop. The laboratory studies on the comparative toxicities of tested eco-friendly plant and animal origin products for inner hive bees and outer forager bees also revealed that the lowest concentrations i.e. animal urine @ 20%, plant based extract @ 1.0% showed less than 50% mortality even after 72 h. The honey samples drawn from the bee colonies treated with eco-friendly formulations does not have any contaminants like heavy metals, microbial load and HMF and the other standard parameters that govern the quality and purity of honey such as moisture, glucose to fructose ratio were also within the prescribed food limit. Thus, it may be concluded from the present investigations that the tested eco-friendly plant and animal origin products are completely safe, readily available, and almost free of cost to farmers and have long term effect without having any adverse effect on honey bees and hive products and can easily be incorporated for honey bee management programme in Beekeeping.