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Subject: Chemistry × Author: Mehra, Nisha × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Chemoprofiling, biochemical and pharmacological screening of various fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) genotypes
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-02) Mehra, Nisha; Viveka Nand
    The present study deals with the investigation of 11 fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) genotypes were evaluated for theirchemical composition, phytochemical assays, nutritional profiling, pharmacological attributes and biological activity. GC-MS analysis in hexane and methanolic extract demonstrated the identification of various phytoconstituents representing 70.79-100% of the total extract. A higher percentage of phytoconstituents was observed in methanolic extract of FNL-PM (100%). Various fatty acids and fatty esters were identified as dominant constituents in addition to minor components. Total phenolic content in hexane, chloroform and methanol extract were ranged (1.43±0.40 to 7.10±0.51), (1.34±0.39 to 0.76±0.01) and (4.78±1.56 to 32.90±0.79) mg GAEg-1. Flavonoid content ranged in hexane extract (0.57±0.26to2.98±0.65),in chloroform extract (0.40±0.19 to 1.95±0.35)and methanol extract (0.57±0.13 to 11.92±1.86)mg CAEg-1.Orthodihydric amount in hexane extract is (1.36±0.14-31.to 75±0.08), in chloroform extract (1.34±0.35 to 49.41±4.3) and methanol extract (22.46±0.26 to 59.57±0.30) mg CLEg-1. Proanthocyanidine content in hexane extracts (0.55±0.24 to 15.59±0.28),in chloroform extract (0.88±0.55 to 22.42±0.21)in methanol extract (10.47±0.17 to 33.62±0.34)mg CAEg- 1. In hexane extract, total tannins content (3.01±0.10 to 5.52±0.07), in chloroform extract (1.03±0.03 to 7.47±0.32)and methanol extract (3.67±0.22 to 8.42±0.32) mg TAEg- 1.Maximum DPPH scavenging activity exhibited in the hexane extract of FNL-PM (IC 50 = 443.88±0.91 μg/ml). Maximum hydroxyl radical scavenging in methanol extract of FNL-117 (IC50=414.74±1.35 μg/ml). High superoxide radical scavenging in the hexane extract of FNL-126 (IC50=420.68±1.09 μg/ml). Maximum nitric oxide radical scavenging potential found in hexane extract of FNL-117 (IC50=557.03±0.86 μg/ml). Strong chelation observed in hexane extract of FNL-118 (IC50=563.07±0.07 μg/ml). The highest FRAP activity observed in the methanol extract of FNL-126 (8.08±0.008 μ mole/g). All fennel genotypes were observed to be effective against bacterial strains in a dose dependent manner while FNL-117 have no inhibitory action against any bacteria. Maximum α-amylase observed in the hexane extract of FNL-125 (IC50=227.77±0.64 μg/ml) and high α-glucosidase activity in the hexane extract of FNL-120 (IC50=230.02±0.62 μg/ml). Higher anti-inflammatory potential observed in the hexane extract of FNL-124 (IB50=663.22±1.98 μg/ml). Proximate analysis in terms of ash, moisture, crude fat, crude fibre, total protein and carbohydrate content showed a rich nutritional value in fennel genotypes. The macro and micro-nutrient were observed in order Ca> K> Mg>Fe> Na> Ni>Cu>Mn>Cr>Co. Fennel genotypes demonstrated moderate herbicidal potential.