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Subject: Biochemistry × Author: Gupta, Palak × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In vitro establishment, biochemical profiling and cytotoxic evaluation in critically endangered herb Nardostachys jatamansi
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-02) Gupta, Palak; Kumar, Vandana A.
    The medicinal herb Nardostachys jatamansi belonging to family Caprifoliaceae is a native of Himalayan region and grows at altitudes of 3300-5000 m asl. The growth of rhizome explant after 40 days of establishment in Woody Plant Medium supplemented with TDZ & GA3 (1 ppm & 0.5 ppm, respectively) showed 4.4 cm shoot length and 10.33 number of leaves. The roots& leaves collected in Oct-Nov (S-1), Jan-Feb (S-2) and June-July (S-3) from natural habitat and extracted in four different solvents viz. methanolic, ethylacetate, acetone and water were screened for phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. The roots of S-3 in methanolic extract showed the highest phytochemical contents like total phenol (63.76mg GAE g-1 extract), total tannin (204.67mg TAE g-1 extract) and ortho-dihydroxy phenol (18.8mg CE g-1 extract) whereas total flavonoid (48.5mg QE g-1 extract) was maximally reported in ethyl acetate. Highest antioxidant activities like total antioxidant (910mg AAE g-1), DPPH radical scavenging (IC50=57.26 μg ml-1), Superoxide radical scavenging (IC50=84.18μg ml-1), Hydrogen peroxide scavenging (IC50=74.34μg ml-1) and protein protective activity against free radical inducer AAPH were observed in S-3 methanolic root extract whereas FRAP (14.67 AAE g-1 extract) and Metal ion chelation (IC50=107.65μg ml-1) was best in S-3 acetone root extract. The highest number of compounds in S-3 root- (36) and leaf- (34) extracts were identified through GC-MS analyses with patchouli alcohol (22.92%) and α-Cadinol (14.17%) as predominant compounds. Highest content of Patchouli Alcohol (23.36 mg g-1 dry weight) was reported in S-3 root methanolic extract. Micronutrient analysis showed that Fe, Ca and Zn (19.95ppm, 10.30 ppm and 0.721 ppm) were highest in S-3 roots and Mn (4.27 ppm) in S-3 leaf was highest amongst the samples of different seasons. All the S-3 root extracts showed lowest MIC (15.62 & 31.25 μg) against gram positive L. monocytogenes and gram negative S. typhi, strains respectively. The maximum inhibition zone diameter (IZD) at par to ampicillin standard against 5 human pathogenic strains i.e., S. aureus (17.1 mm), B. cereus (16 mm), E. coli (8 mm), L. monocytogenes (14 mm) and S. typhi (10 mm) was recorded in S-3 ethyl acetate. The S-3 methanolic root extract showed maximum in vitro cytotoxic potential against three cancer cell lines viz. PK-15 (IC50=55.92μg ml-1), MDCK (IC50=64.55μg ml-1 ) and HEK (IC50=57.71μg ml-1). Results clearly revealed presence of significant amounts of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities due to variety of metabolites in leaves and roots and also in vitro cytotoxic potential against human pathogenic strains and cancer cell lines in roots. The multiutility of this medicinial herb against numerous pathological ailments was attributed to pharmacological activities.