Thumbnail Image

Theses

Browse

2016 - 201932020 - 20223
Reset filters
Subject: Aquaculture × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of supplementing Safed Musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) root powder on reproductive and haematological parameters of Jayanti rohu, Labeo rohita
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-07) Yadav, Mahendra Kumar; Chauhan, R.S.
    The present study entitled “Effect of supplementing Safed Musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) root powder on reproductive and haematological parameters of Jayanti rohu, (Labeo rohita)” was performed in earthen ponds at Instructional Fish Farm, COF, G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. Four hundred Jayanti rohu specimen of healthy and disease free male and female brooders were stocked in 4 earthen ponds with 100 specimens in each treatment and, the ratio of male and female Jayanti rohu 60:40, experiment was conducted from Feb. to August, 2021. Four protein rich diet combinations were arranged with different level of inclusion Safed Musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) root powder. Diet C (Control) has no supplementation of Safed Musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) powder in feed, whereas in diets Cb1, Cb2, Cb3 had 0.25 g/kg, 0.5g/kg and 0.75g/kg addition of Safed Musli of the feed, correspondingly. Based on the foregoing conclusions, it is clear that safed musli root powder at 0.5 g/kg improves the viability, motility, and survival of Jayanti rohu. The addition of safed musli root powder to feed at a rate of 0.5 g/kg of feed appears to improve the immunological state of Jayanti rohu brood stock. Safed musli root powder has potential reproductive and immunostimulatory properties that can be used in aquaculture. The results exposed that inclusion of dietary safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) in fish diet that had direct relationship of various hematological parameters under study up to the level of 0.5g CB/kg feed. Inclusion of 0.5g/kg safed musli in fish diet would be helpful in maintaining good health of brood stock.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative evaluation of Ferrous sulphate and Zinc sulphate nanoparticles on growth, physiology and gene expression of Jayanti rohu, Labeo rohita
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2022-03) Singh, Gulgul; Chauhan, R.S.
    Nanoparticle tends to show a distinctive property due to nanoscale size, which becomes beneficial in food and medicine. Considering, the study's objective was to understand and compare the effect of dietary incorporation of Ferrous Sulphate nanoparticles and Zinc Sulphate nanoparticles on Jayanti Rohu, Labeo rohita. In the first experiment, Jayanti Rohu, L. rohita with an initial weight of 126.42±2.5 gm were stocked, 15 no. each in the FRP tanks under indoor conditions. Five nanoparticle enriched diets of ferrous sulphate nanoparticle and zinc sulphate nanoparticle each were formulated (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mg/kg) and one control basal diet. During the study period of 30 days, tolerance limit, growth, haematological and antioxidant parameters were analysed. Water quality parameters were periodically monitored. The results showed, tolerance limit for both the nanoparticles to be 30 mg/kg feed as there were significant differences in the survival, growth and antioxidant parameters of fishes given nanoparticle enriched diets at the rate of 40 mg/kg feed and 50 mg/kg feed (p≤0.05). In second experiment, four nanoparticle enriched diets were formulated as T1 (Control diet), T2 (30 mg ZnSO4 Nanoparticle /kg feed), T3 (30 mg FeSO4 Nanoparticle /kg feed), and T4 (15 mg of FeSO4 and ZnSO4 nanoparticle each /kg feed). In the study of 120 days, survival rates were not affected by the dietary treatments. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in the final weights of T1, T2, T3 compared with the control was recorded. Significant increment in the haematological and serum profile of fish fed with the T1 & T2 diet was also observed. The carcass composition indicated increased levels of protein in treated groups. Iron and zinc content of the muscle of fishes were significantly higher in treated groups (p≤0.05). Significant upregulations in the IGF1, IGF2, GHR, SOD, CAT, GPX and immune-related (HSP70, C3) genes were observed among the treated groups. Histological alterations were seen in the T4 group. Overall improvement in the health status and growth was observed in the fishes fed with nanoparticle enriched diets.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of dietary supplementation of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root powder on some reproductive and hematological parameters in male broodstock of Jayantirohu (Labeo rohita)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-02) Arya, Priyanka; Chauhan, R.S.
    The present study was carried out to evaluate efficacy of Withania somnifera (Ashwagadha) root powder as a growth promoting, aphrodisiac and immunostimulating agent in the male brooders of Jayanti rohu (Labeo rohita). It is inferred from phytochemical analysis saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids and starch were present in ashwagandha root powder extract. A total of 200 Labeo rohita male brood fishes with average weight 704.455± 0.18g were dispersed randomly into four treatment groups BP1 (control), BP2, BP3 and BP4 @ 50 males/treatment. The ashwagandha root powder was incorporated at three concentrations (1%, 1.5% and 2%) in feed for conducting the experiment. In control diet D1, ashwagandha was not incorporated. BP1 group fishes were fed with D1 diet, BP2 with D2, BP3 with D3 and BP4 with D4 @ 3% body weight per day for 120 days. The values of water quality parameters were within suitable range of tolerance of the stocked fishes. Addition of ashwagandha in feed showed no detrimental effect on health of the fish. Brooders fed with diet D3 achieved significantly (P<0.05) better net weight gain (104.29±25.94 g), SGR (0.152±.03 %/day) and condition factor (1.242±.03). The monthly study revealed that significantly maximum (P<0.05) GSI (3.33±0.25 %) and testosterone level (2.61±0.03 ng/ml) were achieved in the treatment BP3/D3 during the month of July indicating peak breeding period. Similarly, BP3 treatment broodstock showed significantly (P<0.05) higher value of milt volume (3.03±0.21 ml/kg body weight), milt pH (7.31±0.02), sperm motility (88.98±1.07 %), motility duration (92.80±2.96 sec.), spermatocrit (83.40±1.13 %) and sperm concentration (10.03±0.17 no.×109/ ml) as compared to control treatment. Breeding success showed significant variation in fertilization (98.55±.34 %) and hatching percentage (91.20±.82 %) between BP3 and BP1 treatment. The total erythrocyte count (1.62±.02 cell×106 /μl), total leucocyte count (15.48±.06 cell×103 /μl), haemoglobin (7.68±.04 g%), PCV (22.89±.06 %), MCV (141.01±1.84 μm3), MCH (47.34±.47 Pg) and MCHC (34.15±.49 g/dl) showed significant (P<0.05) increment in treatment BP4 (2% ashwagandha inclusion) as compared to other treatments. The total serum protein (3.10±.03 g/dl), albumin (1.05±.02 g/dl), globulin (2.05±.05 g/dl), A/G ratio (0.51±.02) and total immunoglobulin (1.26±.01 g/dl) varied significantly (P<0.05) higher in BP4 as compared to control and other treatments, thus showing better haematological and serological profile in treated fishes over control. Thus, the obtained results indicate that the root powder of ashwagandha has prime importance in improving reproductive performance and immunological status in male Labeo rohita broodstock if included in fish feed @1.5-2.0%.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Thymus linearis plant extract on growth and non-specific immune responses of golden mahseer (Tor putitora) against oomycetes Saprolegnia parasitica
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2019-08) Shah, Tarang Kumar; Avdhesh Kumar
    The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of wild ajwain (Thymus linearis) on growth performance, haemato-biochemical analysis, and non-specific immune responses of golden Mahseer (Tor putitora) against Saprolegnia parasitica. From the results of GC-MS and FT-IT analysis of phytochemicals it was recorded that carvacrol, phytol, caryophyllene, tetradecanoic acid, myristic acid, and palmitic acid, etc. were present in Thymus linearis leaf extract. Antifungal activity of Thymus linearis leaf extract was recorded against Saprolegnia parasitica and Saprolegnia australis. Toxicity level of Wild ajwain on golden mahseer was recorded in 8.79 mg/kg incorporated diet by median lethal dose (LD50) method. The wild ajwain leaf extract was incorporated at three concentrations (0.3, 0.6 and 0.9mg/kg basal diet) in feed for growth and immunity analysis. The first experiment for growth analysis was conducted for 60 days. Golden mahseer fed with Thymus linearis incorporated diets results indicated a significant increase in growth performance (weight and length gain, SGR, FCR, AGR) as compared to the control. Second experiment for haematology, biochemical and non-specific immunity was conducted. At the end of 45 days feeding period, the fish were exposed to the oomycetes S. parasitica for 14 days. Feeding the fish with 0.3 mg/kg (T1) of dietary Thymus linearis leaf extract resulted in better haematology indices (red and white blood cell counts, and PCV and haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, and globulin), and non-specific immunity indices (NBT, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and Antiprotease activity) in comparison with the other treatments and control. A significant reduction in mortality was observed in the treated fish. The lowest mortality was recorded in 0.3 mg/kg (T1) of Thymus linearis plant extract compared to the control following challenging with S. parasitica. The use of Thymus linearis plant extract, particularly at a level of 0.3 mg/kg (T1), in golden mahseer diet was observed to improve growth and immunity parameters as well as boost up fish resistance against S. parasitica contamination. Third experiment for identification of Saprolegnia strain in golden mahseer eggs was conducted. Morphological, Molecular characterization, SEM, and Histopathologically identification confirmed that isolated oomycete belongs to the member of S. parasitica and S. australis, that were studied first time in Uttarakhand.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of dietary utilization of different phytobiotics along with vitamin C and chitosan on growth and immune response in Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-08) Nazir, Iqra; Chauhan, R.S.
    The present study was carried out to evaluate growth promoting, antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effect of Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Tinospora cordifolia, Withania somnifera, vitamin C and chitosan on the fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus. The fingerlings weighing 30.0 ± 2 g were distributed randomly into four treatment groups T0, T1, T2 and T3 of 25 fishes each in triplicate. Four isoproteinous experimental diets were prepared by mixing rice bran, deoiled mustard oil cake, deoiled soybean cake and vitamin-mineral mixture. The phytobiotics, Vitamin C and Chitosan were incorporated into diet. Diet D1 contained control feed + 2.5 g of garlic + 2.5 g of giloy+ 2.5 g of turmeric +2.5 g of ashwagandha per kg feed. The diet D2 had control feed + (2.5 g of each plant) + 25 mg Vitamin C per kg feed. The diet D3 contained control feed + (2.5 g of each plant) + 2.5 g Chitosan per kg feed. T0 group fishes were fed with D0 diet, T1 with D1, T2 with D2 and T3 with D3 @ 5% body weight per day for 122 days. The antibacterial activity of the crude extracts of garlic, giloy, ashwagandha and turmeric against the Aeromonas hydrophila was assessed by the presence and absence of inhibition zones. Fingerlings fed with diet D3 achieved higher net weight gain (17.49 ± 0.2461 g), specific growth rate (0.197 ± 0.018 %), gross conversion efficiency (0.7478 ± 0.0019) and better feed conversion ratio (1.337 ± 0.0057) as compared to other treatments. In the current study, the haematological parameters (TEC, TLC, Hb, PCV etc.) varied significantly (P< 0.05) between the 0th day, pre challenged and post challenged group. The total serum protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, ALT, lysozyme activity and NBT assay resulted in a significant (P< 0.05) increment between the pre challenged and the post challenged groups in all the treatment groups fed with the experimental diet. The water quality parameters like water temperature, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, pH and total alkalinity were within the tolerance range of the experimental fish. The results indicate that the experimented phytobiotics along with vitamin C and chitosan have very good growth promoting and immunostimulatory effect and does not have any adverse effect on health of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus in culture system.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of plant based carotenoids on growth, color development and breeding performance of Red Swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Singh, Raghu Nath; Avdhesh Kumar
    The present experiment was carried out from June 2015 to March 2016 to evaluate the effects of carotenoids through dietary supplementation of beetroot and carrot meal in the fry of red swordtail (Xiphophorur helleri) on growth, color development and breeding performances parameters. Six hundred thirty fish with similar body weight (0.28±0.10 g) were distributed randomly into seven treatment groups T0, BT1, BT2, BT3, CT1, CT2, and CT3 with three replicates. Experimental control diet (D0) was prepared by mixing mustard oil cake 20%, fish meal 20%, soya bean meal 25%, rice flour 20%, wheat flour 14% and vitamin and mineral premix 1%. The beetroot meal was incorporated in to diets BD1, BD2 and BD3 @ 5%, 10% and 15% respectively and carrot meal was incorporated in to diets CD1, CD2 and CD3 @ 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. The fishes of treatment group T0 were fed with diet D0, BT1 with BD1, BT2 with BD2, BT3 with BD3, CT1 with CD1, CT2 with CD2 and CT3 with CD3 @ 5% body weight per day. Beetroot meal at 15% produced the best survival in BT3. In present study higher specific growth rate (0.43%/day) was recorded in BT2, BT3 and CT3 followed by BT1 and CT2 (0.41%/day) and CT1 (0.40%/day) with lowest in T0 (0.39%/day). There was significant difference in the average final weight of the fish among treatments with highest in the BT3 (4.81 g) followed by CT3 (4.79 g) and lowest in T0 (3.74 g). The highest carotenoid content 11.89 µg/g fish tissue was found in BT3 fallowed by BT3 (10.86 µg/g tissue), CT2 (10.64 µg/g), CT2 (9.62 µg/g), BT1 (8.16 µg/g), and CT1 (7.43 µg/g) which were significantly higher (p<0.01) from T0 (3.24 µg/g). Maximum weight of newly born fry was obtained from BT3 (7.80 mg) followed by BT2 (7.33 mg) and lowest in T0 (5.33 mg). With increasing the level of carotenoids from both sources the weight of fry was also increased and found significant difference (p<0.05) between treatments and against control. The fish fed with diet (BD3) produced fry with maximum length (8.17 mm) in BT3 fallowed by BT2 (7.97 mm) and CT3 (7.63 mm) which were significantly higher (p<0.05) from control treatment T0 (7.38 mm). Fish supplemented carotenoids with 15% beetroot meal (BD3) produced highest number of fry (18.29 fry/g body weight) followed by BT2 (17.01 fry), and CT3 (16.85 fry) and lowest in control T0 (12.59 fry) fed without supplemented carotenoid diet (D0). Significant increase in number of fry per gram of brood fish was observed in Treatments (BT2, BT3 and CT3) against control T0. The result of present experiment shows that the carotenoids supplemented through beetroot or carrot meal in fish feed improves growth, color development and breeding performance of red swordtail fish.