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20202
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Subject: Animal Nutrition × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of feeding mustard seed and mango leaf powder on production performance, egg quality and haemato-biochemical parameters in commercial layers
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-10) Uniyal, Diksha; Rahal, Anshu
    Mango and mustard seeds have been consumed worldwide as food and medicine since ancient times. An experiment was conducted on 120 white leghorn layers (18 weeks old) to discern the effect of feeding mustard seed powder and mango leaf powder on production performance, egg quality and haemato-biochemical parameters. 120 birds were divided randomly into 4 groups. Each group consisted of 30 birds and each group was further subdivided into 3 replicates of 10 birds each. A 90 days feeding trial was conducted in a completely randomised block design. The experimental birds were randomly divided into four treatment group’s viz T1(control): basal diet; T2: basal diet supplemented with 0.5% mango leaf powder; T3: Basal diet supplemented with 0.5% mustard seed powder, T4: Basal diet supplemented with combination of mango leaf powder (0.25%) + mustard seed powder (0.25%). Production performance was conducted in three different phases viz., Phase I (20-24 weeks), Phase II (25-28 weeks) Phase III (29-32 weeks). At the end of feeding trial, a metabolic trial was conducted to know the nutrient utilization. Highly significant difference (P≤0.01) was observed in FCR (Phase I and overall), overall average body weight, dry matter utilization, egg weight, egg NFE, egg glucosinolate, serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL while significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed in feed crude protein, ether extract, NFE, glucosinolate, egg production(all phases), feed intake(all phases), FCR (Phase II and Phase III), crude protein utilization and organic matter utilization, egg shape index, egg shell thickness, albumen weight, egg ether extract, egg Ca and P, egg triglyceride, serum SGOT and serum SOD. It may be concluded that mango leaf powder and/or mustard seed powder does not improve production performance in commercial layers although mango leaf powder is beneficial for improving the serum biochemical parameters.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of bael (Aegle marmelos) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass trait and haemato- biochemical parameters in broiler chickens
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-08) Bhatt, Kartik; Anil Kumar
    A feeding trial was conducted to discern the effect of dietary incorporation of different level of bael (Aegle marmelos) leaf powder on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass traits, haematobiochemical parameters, sensory evaluation of meat and economics of broiler chickens production. A total of 120, day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into 4 treatment groups with 3 replicates having 10 broiler chicks per replicate. Chicks of treatment T1 (control) were fed basal diet (starter and finisher), whereas in treatment groups T2, T3 and T4, basal diet was supplemented with 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% of bael leaf powder, respectively as feed additive. The feeding trial lasted for 42 days viz., 0-21 days (starter phase) and 21-42 days (finisher phase). A metabolism trial was conducted during the 6th week of feeding trial to know the nutrient utilization. On the 42nd day of the feeding trial two birds from each replicate were slaughtered and samples of breast and thigh muscle were collected for sensory and proximate analysis. Blood samples were also collected on the same day for haemato-biochemical parameters. During the starter phase (0-21 days), incorporation of bael leaf powder did not influence the feed intake, weight gain, FCR and performance index. During finisher phase (21-42 days), feed intake, body weight gain, FCR and performance index were statistically similar among treatment groups. The average cumulative weight gain was 1731.01, 1772.74, 1719.73 and 1714.14 g in broiler chicks of treatment group T1, T2, T3, T4, respectively and did not differ significantly. Incorporation of bael leaf powder in the diet of broiler chickens did not affect nutrient utilization in terms of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract and crude protein. The various carcass traits in broiler chicks were not affected due to dietary incorporation of different level of bael leaf powder. The chemical analysis of breast and thigh meat revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in crude protein content of thigh and breast muscles and significant (P<0.05) decrease in ether extract content of thigh. Maximum crude protein content was found in treatment group T4, followed by treatment groups T3, T2 and T1, respectively. Minimum ether extract content was found in treatment group T4 and maximum in control group, T1. All the values of hematological parameters were in normal range in broiler chicks of different treatment groups, without any significant effect. There was significant (P<0.05) reduction in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose content and increase in serum total protein, albumin and globulin among different treatment group. Serum cholesterol content was lowest in treatment group T4 (98.21 mg/dl) as compared to control group T1(133.51 mg/dl). Serum triglyceride content was also lowest in treatment group T4 (62.82 mg/dl) as compared to control group T1 (78.37 mg/dl). Maximum serum total protein, albumin and globulin concentration was found in treatment group T4, followed by T3, T2 and T1, respectively. Serum enzyme concentrations ALP, ALT and AST activities was not affected due to dietary incorporation of bael leaf powder. Sensory evaluation attributes were not significant among the different treatment groups. No significant difference was observed in economics of broiler chicken production in terms of feed cost by incorporation of different level of bael (Aegle marmelos) leaf powder. Therefore, it was concluded that incorporation of 1.5 to 2.5% bael leaf powder in the diet of broiler chicks was beneficial in reducing serum cholesterol and triglycerides content and increase in serum total protein, albumin and globulin coupled with reduction in fat content of thigh and increase in protein content of breast and thigh muscles.