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20201
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Subject: Animal Nutrition × Author: Sati, Anju × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2020 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of supplementation of soybean oil and guava (Psidium guajava) leaf powder on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass traits and haemato-biochemical parameters in broiler chickens
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-09) Sati, Anju; Mondal, B.C.
    A feeding trial was conducted to discern the effect of dietary incorporation of soybean oil and guava (Psidium guajava) leaf powder on growth performance, nutrient utilization, carcass traits, haemato-biochemical parameters, sensory evaluation of meat and economics of broiler chickens production. A total of 120, day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into 4 treatment groups with 3 replicates each i.e. 10 broiler chicks per replicate. Chicks of treatment T1 (control) were fed basal diet (starter and finisher), whereas in treatment groups T2, T3 and T4, the basal diet was incorporated with 1% guava leaf powder, 3 percent soybean oil and combination of 1% guava leaf powder and 3% soybean oil, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 42 days viz., 0-21 days (starter phase) and 21-42 days (finisher phase). A metabolism trial was conducted during the 6th week of feeding trial. On the 42nd day of the feeding trial six birds from each treatment were slaughtered and samples of breast and thigh muscle were collected for sensory and proximate analysis. Blood samples were also collected on the same day for haematobiochemical parameters from 24 birds comprising 6 birds per treatment. During the starter phase (0-21 days), significantly higher weight gain was recorded in broiler chicks of treatment group T2, T3 and T4 fed guava leaf powder and/or soybean oil than T1. Similarly in finisher phase (21-42 days) significant increase (P≤0.05) weight gain was recorded in broiler chickens of treatment group T4 followed by treatment groups T2, T3 and T1. The average cumulative weight gain in finisher phase was 1259.33g, 1278.34g, 1261.62g, 1296.25g in broiler chicks of treatment group T1, T2, T3, T4, respectively. In the whole experimental period (0-42 days), supplementation of soybean oil and guava leaf powder improved broiler chicken performance in terms of body weight gain and performance index. Final body weight was maximum in the T4 (1825.65 g) followed by T2 (1801.70 g), T3 (1780.82 g) and T1 (1760.30 g). Incorporation of soybean oil and guava leaf powder did not affect nutrient utilization in terms of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract and crude protein content. The various carcass traits in broiler chickens were not affected due to dietary supplementation of soybean oil and guava leaf powder. There was significant decrease in ether extract content of breast and thigh muscles whereas crude protein and ash content of breast and thigh muscle did not differ significantly on supplementation of soybean oil and guava leaf powder. Treatment group fed 1% guava leaf powder and 3% soybean oil as well as group fed diet with 1% guava leaf powder significantly increase (P≤0.05) the haemoglobin concentration and hematological parameters viz., packed cell volume and total erythrocyte counts over the control group. There was significant reduction in serum cholesterol in the group fed 1% guava leaf powder (T2) as compare to other treatment group. Triglycerides content reduced in the T2 and T4 group. There was significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the blood glucose in the T4 group followed by T2 group. SGOT and SGPT enzymes significantly decreased (P≤0.05) in the T2 and T4 groups which were supplied with 1% guava leaf powder and combination of 1% guava leaf powder and 3% soybean oil, respectively. Total protein and globulin significantly increased (P≤0.05) in the T2 and T4 groups in comparison with T3 group and control group (T1). Sensory evaluation attributes were not significant among the different treatment groups. From the feeding trial, it was observed that T3 and T4 treatment groups did not prove to be economic growth promoters as the total feed cost and feed cost per kg weight gain of the control (T1) and T2 (fed diet with 1% guava leaf powder plus basal diet) was significantly lower than T3 and T4 groups. It can be concluded that guava leaf powder supplementation in the basal diet reduce serum cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and liver enzymes such as SGOT and SGPT whereas it increases serum total protein, globulin content as well as growth rate but addition of soybean oil alone or with guava leaf powder in the broiler chicken diet was not economical in terms of production performance.