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ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Crop Growing Environment Under Climate Change Scenario in Tarai Region of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-09) Goel, Shubhika; Singh, R.K.The study is conducted for Tarai region of Uttarakhand regarding trend analysis of weather parameters namely maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall, sunshine hours and evaporation on annual and seasonal basis over the periods from 1981-2020. The moving averages for 5-year, 10-year interval and pentadal, decadal variation has been studied for the above stated parameters on annual basis. Results revealed that, an increasing trend in maximum and minimum temperature of about 0.0004˚C/year and 0.0180˚C/year respectively by graphical method. A decreasing trend in rainfall, sunshine hours and evaporation is observed of about 1.461 mm/year, 0.042 hr/year and 0.028 mm/year respectively by graphical method. Mann-Kendall test has been also performed for trend analysis of above stated parameters. The results revealed the similar trend in the weather parameters but some changes in the Sen’s slope can be observed i.e., in the magnitude of the trend. Similarly, trend analysis on seasonal basis has also been performed for these parameters and it can be concluded that there is a decreasing trend during monsoon and winter season while increasing trend in post monsoon and summer season for maximum temperature. Increasing trend for minimum temperature was found during all the seasons. Decreasing trend was also observed for rainfall, sunshine hours and evaporation during all the seasons over the periods from 1981-2020 for Tarai region of Uttarakhand. There is a decrease in rainfall of about 28.3 mm during monsoon season over the periods ranging from 1981-2020 by Mann Kendall method. This study also focuses on average weekly water balance and its components for this region based on Thornthwaite Mather model. Results revealed that, there is an increase in the water surplus during 1981-2020 when compared with IMD data for Pantnagar during 1971- 2005. Water surplus is found to be 670.0 mm and water deficit is found to be 440.2 mm. Total potential evapotranspiration is found to be 1339.4 mm, which is calculated by Penman Monteith equation during 1981-2020 and has decreased when compared with the PET calculated by IMD for the year 1971-2005 of about 1463.9 mm. The classification of climate has been done for Tarai region of Uttarakhand based on moisture index, results revealed that humid climate exists in this region and length of growing period is found to be about 225 days which indicated a good crop growth in this region. According to Subramanyam (1982), if MAI (Moisture Adequacy Index) lies below 40% in the region, then crop can only be grown by proving supplemental irrigation to fulfill crop water need.
