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Theses

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Subject: Agricultural Engineering × End date: 2013 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Structural analysis of polyhouses and tensiometer based drip irrigation scheduling of off-season cucumber in Pantnagar tarai condition of Uttarakahnd
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-05) Singh, Sapna; Singh, P.K.
    The present study was undertaken to investigate the “Structural Analysis of Polyhouses and Tensiometer Based Drip Irrigation Scheduling of Off-season Cucumber in Pantnagar Tarai Condition of Uttrakhand”. To meet the first objective study was carried out to determine the structural characteristic of six polyhouse located in Pantnagar tarai condition of Uttarakhand. Polyhouse enterprises are widely common in the plain and hilly area of Uttarakhand for growing cutflower and other off-season vegetable cultivation. Information about polyhouse types, material properties, placement and arrangement in the study area was gathered by actual measurement on the site. Loads acting on the trusses of polyhouses were analysed by joint method. On the basis of this analysis compression and tension forces of all trusses were determined to get the safe load of each and every members of polyhouse trusses. Another aspect of the study was to see the response of cucumber to different irrigation levels and fertigation scheduling under a double span naturally ventilated polyhouse. The study was conducted at the experimental site of the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Technology, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The study also included to investigate the economic feasibility of cucumber production under the polyhouse for its off-season production. During the five months of growing period in DS NVPH the average depth of water applied in the irrigation treatment in which the soil moisture regimes was maintained at 20-30 kPa level was 104.2 mm, at 30-50 kPa was 112.2 mm and at 50-70 kPa level was 92.4 mm, whereas in conventional practice (control), depth of irrigation was 155.2 mm. Production of the mean value of cucumber at irrigation treatment of 20-30 kPa, 30-50 kPa, 50-70 kPa and control has been found to be 8.50, 10.60, 12.04 and 6.05 kg/m2 respectively. The average water productivity for cucumber at irrigation levels 20-30 kPa, 30-50 kPa, 50-70 kPa and control were 29.55, 24.39, 25.10 and 41.15 litre/kg, respectively. Production of off-season cucumber under tensiometer based different drip and fertigation treatment was economically feasible at selling price higher than 20 `/kg. However, the production of cucumber under the control (conventional surface irrigation and fertilizer application) was economically feasible at selling price of `30/kg.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Fermentation kinetics studies for optimized blend ratios of horse gram, black soyabean based wari
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-06) Roy, Ankita; Singh, Anupama
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Laboratory studies on soil scour downstream of chute and stepped spillways for varying conditions of flow energy
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-01) Dheeraj Kumar; Akhilesh Kumar
    The study of scour downstream of hydraulic structures such as large dams, stilling basins, diversion works, underflow gates, and culverts constitutes an important field of research due to its frequent occurrence in engineering applications. The performance of a drop structure depends largely upon its capacity to dissipate the hydraulic energy of flowing water. The amount of energy dissipation is the difference between the incoming and outgoing energies and the performance of a stepped spillway is dependent on the size of its individual step at a particular drop and discharge. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to study energy dissipation and its effect on maximum depth of scour and the amount of soil scoured considering different soil materials using a chute spillway and stepped spillway with three selected step sizes for varying discharge conditions. In all cases the total drop was kept constant. Observations were recorded for amount of energy dissipation, outflow energy, maximum scour depth and amount of soil scoured for various combinations of step size and flow rate using different soil materials. To conduct experiments the developed models were installed in the Hydrologic Simulation and Sedimentation Laboratory which is near to Soil and Water Conservation Engineering department. The amount of energy dissipated was minimum for chute spillway while in case of stepped spillway the amount of energy dissipation was found to be the maximum for step size of 2.54 cm and then decreased gradually as the step size increased for a given discharge. The maximum scour depths were found to be increasing with the increase in outflow energy of flow. On the basis of above, the maximum weight of the scoured soil was found to be increasing with the increase in outflow energy of flow. The above findings clearly indicate that scour depth and scour weight of soil downstream of a drop structure are directly related with the energy dissipation. The use of stepped spillway result in better energy dissipation and thereby resulting in lesser scour depth and scour weight.