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ThesisItem Open Access An economic analysis of production and marketing of mushroom in Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145, 2022-09) Biswas, Parth; Chandra DevMushroom cultivation could be one of the key auxiliary businesses for increasing the income and employment of small and marginal farmers. Considering the poor employment and income from farming in Udham Singh Nagar District, mushrooms might then be a significant source of additional income and a way to utilise unneeded family labour. Looking to the commercial importance of mushroom cultivation, it is necessary to study its economics so the present study entitled “An Economic Analysis of Production and Marketing of Mushroom in Udham Singh Nagar District of Uttarakhand”. The study was categorized into five objectives, to study the socio-economic status, to analyze cost of and return from mushroom cultivation, to examine the resources use efficiency for various inputs used in mushroom production, to identify different marketing channels and their efficiency and constraints faced by mushroom growers respectively. The study was conducted in the Rudrapur and Khatima blocks of Udham Singh Nagar District of Uttarakhand. For fulfilling different objectives primary data were collected from selected mushroom growers and various concerned offices (Mushroom Training Centre, Pantnagar). For present study 60 mushroom growers were selected by snowball sampling from two blocks viz., Rudrapur and Khatima of Udham Singh Nagar district. The growers were categorised into three categories medium grower, small grower and marginal grower respectively. The data were collected by personal interview of sample mushroom growers with specially designed schedule for the 2021-2022. The sample growers were categories on the basis of production as medium, small and marginal growers. The average family size was of 5.3 member and most of the growers have farming along with mushroom cultivation. The study revealed that the cost of production per unit was maximum in medium growers (Rs. 5.72 lakh) followed by small growers (Rs. 1.85 lakh) and marginal growers (0.46 lakh) the overall cost of production was Rs 1.91 lakh per unit. The average yield per unit from medium growers 8166.67 kg, small growers 2318.52 kg and marginal growers 635.42 kg. The net return from mushroom production was Rs. 273380, Rs. 64398, Rs. 25807 for medium, small and marginal growers, respectively and the net return from overall production was Rs. 73966 per unit. The resource use efficiency estimated for spawn (10.91) which was greater than unity indicated under-utilization of these resources, However, value of MVP/MIC for gypsum (-21.34), which was less than unity revealed the over utilization of the resource. In the study area three dominant marketing channels were observed channel-I (grower-consumer) have 36 growers, channel-II (grower- retailer- consumer) have 17 growers and channel-III (grower- wholesaler- retailer- consumer) have 7 growers, respectively. The price received from marketing channel I Rs. 116.12, channel II Rs. 98.89 and channel III Rs. 92.49. In the study area, the channel-II (2.14) was found more efficient as compared to channels-III (1.28). The most prominent and severe problems were insufficient government assistance, late payments, and a lack of effective produce marketing for the sale of mushrooms at discount prices. A competitive market should exist for the selling of output, and there is an urgent need to reorganise the many entities involved in the promotion and growth of mushroom production. Extension facilities and training should be encouraged and input also provided to mushroom growers.
