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ThesisItem Open Access A study of the impact of National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) in Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-12) Adhikari, Komal; Singh, VirendraIndia is a country of villages and its development means the development of the people living in the rural areas. About two-third population of India resides in the rural areas. Due to fast growing population and mismatch between skills and requirements imbalances prevail in the employment opportunities. In view of wide spread poverty a number of schemes have been devised and implemented in the country over time with the objective of uplifting the standard of living of people residing in rural areas. The NRLM was launched by Government of India in the year 2011 with an aim to reduce poverty and to provide gainful employment and income generating opportunities and has been working in mission mode since April 2013. The mission insists on organizing the poor into their grass root level institutions. Uttarakhand, a hilly state, characterized by difficult geographical situations, and meager employment opportunities, therefore there is a need to provide with income generating activities to the people of the state to enable them to lead a better standard of living. Thus, NRLM has been implemented with the expectation that the mission would improve the livelihood of rural people. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect the primary data. From the two regions of state one district each from hills and plains were selected randomly. Further, from the selected districts one community development block was selected purposively with the highest number of self help groups operating under NRLM. From each selected community development block three SHGs were selected randomly; and from each SHG five participant-beneficiaries were selected; and a same number of non-beneficiaries were also selected from the same locality, thus making a sample of 120 respondents. The study was conducted using both primary and secondary data. Analysis was done using binomial logit regression model, livelihood index, Garrett ranking technique along with descriptive statistics. The average age of the participant-beneficiaries (37.35) was lower as compared to the non-beneficiaries (40.63) whereas the educational status of the non-beneficiaries was found to be better than participantbeneficiares. The average family size of the participant-beneficiaries (4.73 persons per family) was significantly larger than that of non-beneficiaries (4.25 persons per family). The average size of holding and annual income were found to be higher in case of non-beneficiaries. The logit model revealed that the family size and social backwardness had a positive relation with the probability of participation in the mission, whereas annual household income exhibited a negative relation with the same. The mission was found to have a significant positive impact on various aspects of livelihood viz. human capital, physical capital, social capital, financial capital and food security after participating in the mission. The findings revealed a poor linkage among the mission participants and the development institutions except banks. The most severe constraint faced by the participant-beneficiaries while participating in the mission was the insufficiency of training opportunities for skill enhancement along with inadequate support for the income generating activities The mission was found to be performing well at the ground level, as it included the deserving people as participants and had a positive impact on various aspects of the livelihood of participant-beneficiaries. Appropriate training facilities should be arranged for the participant-beneficiaries for skill enhancement. Needed facilities and raw materials should be provided along with arranging better marketing facilities for marketing of products produced under the mission.
