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20202
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Subject: Agricultural Chemicals × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutrient status of different soil samples of Dehradun district of Uttarakhand and their correlation with soil properties
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-12) Rawat, Komal; Tandon, Shishir
    An experiment was conducted to analyze the general soil properties, status of available macronutrients (N, P and K) and to study the relationship between soil properties and macronutrients. Soil samples (0-15cm depth) were collected from 20 different location of Dehradun district Uttarakhand. Different methods of analysis of soil were employed to know the availability of N, P, and K. Available Nitrogen was analyzed by alkaline KMnO4 method, available phosphorus by Olsen’s method, AB-DTPA method, Mehlich-3 method and Morgan method, while available Potassium was analysed by Ammonium acetate, AB-DTPA, Mehlich-3 and Morgan methods. The soil texture ranged from medium texture to fine texture. Soil was found to be acidic to alkaline with pH ranging from 4.3-7.3 while, electrical conductivity was found to be medium ranging from 0.261dSm-1-0.602 dSm-1. The soils were found medium to high in organic carbon content and ranging from 0.60-1.8%. Extractable nitrogen by Alkaline KMnO4 method of study area ranged from 163- 301 kg N ha-1. Phosphorus extracted by Olsen’s, AB-DTPA, Mehlich-3 and Morgan methods ranged from 24.5-100.84 kg ha-1, 4.33-458.6 kg ha-1, 10.71-157.79 and 10.13- 107.69 kg ha-1, respectively. Available potassium extracted by ammonium acetate, ABDTPA, Mehlich-3 and Morgan methods ranged from 100.8-566.94 kg ha-1, 73.92-601.8 kg ha-1, 59.5-563.92 kg ha-1 and 22.0-441 kg ha-1, respectively. The soil pH showed negative and significant correlation with available nitrogen and potassium. The OC also showed significant but positive correlation with available N and EC for the entire area of study. On the basis of calculated nutrient indices, the soils under study were found to be low in extractable nitrogen and medium in extractable phosphorus and potassium.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Decontamination studies of some pesticide residues in okra and chilli
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-10) Neel, Shila; Srivastava, Anjana
    Now a days understanding the impact of the pesticide exposure is an important concern for the consumers. Okra and chilli are the commonly used vegetables which are highly exposed to pesticide usage. The current study is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of different processes for reduction of four commonly applied pesticides on okra and chilli crops. The okra and chilli samples were subjected to seven decontamination treatments namely washing with running tap water, soaking in lukewarm water (50-60°C), soaking in 1% NaCl, soaking in 5% NaCl, soaking in 5% CH3COOH, soaking in 5% NaHCO3 and soaking in 0.01% KMnO4. The extraction of all the pesticides in both the crops (quinalphos, profenophos ethion and lambda-cyhalothrin was done through QuEChER’S method and analysis by GC-ECD. In okra, results indicated that soaking in 5% Acetic Acid solution for 10 minutes followed by washing using tap water was more effective in reducing all pesticides tested in comparison to other treatment solutions, whereas in chilli, the treatment of soaking in 5% NaCl solution for 10 min., resulted in the maximum removal of all the pesticides in comparison to the rest of the decontamination treatments. Lambda-cyhalothrin was reduced in higher amounts by all the decontamination processes but the highest removal (97.96%) was by soaking in 5% Acetic acid. In okra the magnitude of reduction of quinalphos, profenophos, ethion and lambda-cyhalothrin was observed in the range of 48.0-95.3, 34.3-87.6, 64.2-97.8, and 40.1-97.1 percent respectively, likewise, in chilli, the magnitude of reduction of quinalphos, profenophos, ethion and lambda-cyhalothrin was observed in the range of 13.11-86.55, 7.00-92.98, 10.73-96.34 and 59.99-97.96 percent respectively. The study confirms the use of simple cost-effective household solutions, to eliminate harmful pesticides from okra and chilli crops.