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Theses

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2005 - 200922010 - 20165
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Subject: Agricultural Biotechnology × End date: 2016 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and anti-diabetic property of Aloe spp. based on over-expression of glucose transporter (Glut-4)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2006-07) Rajiv Kumar; Anil Kumar
    The world wide epidemic of diabetes has stimulated the search of new concepts, formulations and the targets for the treatment of this disease. As existing conventional treatments for diabetes have several side effects and also they are not able to nullify diabetic complications completely. Aloe spp. claims as diabetes therapeutics has been investigated in vivo by several workers. Their results concluded that Aloe extracts possess anti-diabetic property. Their mode of action and molecular targets are yet to be determined. The objective of the present study was to analyze the influence of Aloe extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) on the cytotoxicity and to evaluate its effect on GLUT-4 gene expression on NIH/3T3 cell line as in vitro model for screening the anti-diabetic properties of plants. Under present investigation, attempts were made to investigate possible compositional differences among Aloe spp, dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Aloe extracts for determining the optimum dosage for in vitro assay and its effect on GLUT-4 gene expression. The in vitro cell culture system developed can be suitably employed for screening of anti-diabetic properties of several herbal formulations and plants. Spectral analysis of Aloe extracts indicated the presence of diverse composition and compositional variations between two Aloe species (Aloe vera & Aloe perryi). Aloe extract showed cytotoxic effects on cell in a dosedependent manner, influenced the doubling time and saturation density of NIH/3T3 cells as shown by growth kinetics in presence and absence of Aloe extracts. The cell‟s viability was also affected in a dose-dependent manner. After determination of optimal dose for in vitro study, GLUT-4 gene expression study was performed at transcript level by using semiquantitative RT-PCR with mouse GLUT-4 specific primers. Under defined culture-conditions and standardization in our Lab, Aloe extracts appear to up regulate the GLUT-4 mRNA expression as compared with untreated cells. Insulin and Metformin was used as standard references. Water soluble Aloe extracts (1 mg/ml) stimulated the GLUT-4 gene expression with their optimal effect at 36 hours of treatment. GLUT-4 expression appears to increase gradually and attained a steady-state after 36 hours of treatment and thereafter a decline in GLUT-4 expression was observed indicating the temporal down regulation perhaps due to gradual increase in apoptotic signal at later stages. Our data suggest that Aloe extract possesses the anti-diabetic activity which might be utilized for drug formulations if suitable molecules get identified. Results also explain why Aloe plants have been used in some traditional medicines to ameliorate the diabetic symptoms.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on cytopathogenicity of egg drop syndrome-76 virus
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2005-08) Srivastava, Gaurangi; Rao, V.D.P.
    In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the cytopathogenicity of Egg drop Syndrome-76 (EDS-76) virus. In this study, VN1 isolate of EDS-76 virus was cultivated in 9-10 days old duck embryo. When infected allantoic fluid was given to laying birds as an antigen, affected birds appeared dull and depressed with diarrhea. The important characteristic was drop in egg production coinciding with production of soft and thin shelled eggs. The virus was isolated from infected allantoic fluid in primary chicken embryo liver (CEL) cell culture. The cytopathic effects characterized by rounding and degeneration of cells were evident from the first passage itself. May Grunwald and Giemsa stained preparations of infected CEL cells culture revealed eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies with distorted nuclei. AGPT performed using infected duck allantoic fluid and standard and experimentally raised hyperimmune sera against EDS-76 virus, revealed precipitin lines. But CIE was unable to detect the presence of virus in infected duck allantoic fluid and infected cell culture supernatants. FAT performed to detect the presence of EDS-76 virus in infected CEL cell culture exhibit intense intranuclear yellow fluorescence. The haemagglutination property of the virus was studied in infected duck allantoic fluid and infected CEL cell culture. The HI test was performed using hyperimmune serum to confirm the specificity of HA test and a 100% correlation was obtained.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Preparation and characterization of finger millet prolamin based nano-delivery vehicle for lipophilic substances
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2015-07) Subin Raj, C.K.; Pandey, Dinesh
    Bioactives such as omega-fatty acids, phytosterols, vitamins, carotenoids are all known to reduce the risk associated with a number of chronic diseases and help in improving public health. However, these bioactive compounds /drugs are exhibit low bioavailability due to their low permeability, biostability, solubility, limited retention time and poor uptake or absorption in human body when they are consumed through food items such as fruits, vegetables etc. These constraints limit their use in development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. In order to overcome the above mentioned disadvantages, the present study was undertaken in the ”Immunobiologicals & Proteomics lab (Dept. of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering)” during the II-semester, 2014-15. This is the first report of a nanodelivery vehicle prepared using finger millet prolamin as the encapsulating matrix over oil in water nanoemulsion of sesame oil containing dissolved β-carotene, which was used as a model bioactive compound. The nanoparticles were prepared in a single step ultrasonication process and did not involve the use of organic solvents and cross-linking agents. Effects of different parameters on prolamin based nanoparticle were investigated. Optimal nanoparticles with regular shape, small size (230- 320 nm), high zeta potential and narrow size distribution were obtained at protein contents upto 2% and oil content upto 4% as characterized by electron microscopy and Zetasizer. The delivery system was shown to have high encapsulation and loading efficiencies. During simulated in vitro digestion, sustained release of β-carotene was observed from the prolamin stabilized nanoemulsion. The cytotoxicity and influence of the nanoparticles was assessed on Caco-2 cells, and the results demonstrated that the nanoparticles were biocompatible and non-toxic to the Caco-2 cells even at concentration as high as 0.5 mg mL-1 . There was observed differentiation in the cells challenged with higher concentrations of the nanoparticles. The use of food grade protein derived from a low agri-input requiring crop, finger millet could provide a platform for value addition, creating a new market for the agri-produce and thereby helping the farming sector. Such products are also beneficial to consumers, providing a better alternative to pharmaceuticals. This delivery oriented food derived nanoparticle system has applications as an oral agent for the controlled release and enhanced absorption of lipophilic bioactives and drugs. It has the potential to be incorporated and developed into various forms for nutraceuticals for general health benefits of the populace.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of T2 transgenic Brassica juncea harbouring MAPK3 gene against Alternaria blight and molecular cloning of WRKY7 transcription factor of Brassica juncea
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Hazra, Abhijit; Gohar Taj
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biosynthetic potential and molecular characterization of endophytic fungi for picrosides from Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex. Benth
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-01) Kannojia, Geetanjali; Gaur, A.K.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of zinc sulfide nanoparticles on the growth and seed yield of Brassica juncea (L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-01) Rajeev Nayan; Arora, Sandeep
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Delineation of the functional role of MAP Kinases and Metacaspases during jasmonic acid mediated defence signalling against Alternaria blight in Arabidopsis thaliana
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-08) Tiwari, Snigdha; Pandey, Dinesh