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ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY OF MARKETING CHANNEL MANAGEMENT OF PESTICIDES IN PUNJAB(PAU Ludhiana, 2011) MANPREET SINGH; Ramandeep SinghThe present study was conducted to assess the marketing channel of pesticides in Punjab with price spread in private and co-operative sector and to trend analysis of pesticides consumption for last decade from 2000-01 to 2009-10. The study was confined to Bathinda, Mansa, Muktsar and Ferozepur with maximum land holding under cotton crop, which is consuming more pesticides as compare to other crop. The study was conducted by using a structured, non-disguised schedule to take relevant data on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the research project. Both primary and secondary data were used. The results revealed that pesticides consumption in Punjab has decreased in last decade. The study also indicated that 88 percent of pesticides were channelized through private sector and only 12 percent through co-operative sector. 75 percent of co-operative dealers had their chief source of credit as co-operative banks. On the other hand, 70.83 percent private agencies got loan from commercial banks. Although expenses of private dealers were high than co-operative. But their distributional margin was also quite high to cover all costs.ThesisItem Restricted stUDY OF FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF EXPORTERS OF LUDHIANA(Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) navdeep kaur; Aggarwal, navdeepThe research project ―A study of financial risk management practices of exporters of Ludhiana‖ was undertaken with the objectives of studying the attitude towards financial risk management and the practices for the same. The study was focused on engineering and apparel exporters of Ludhiana. The data was collected from 25 exporters of apparel and engineering each, thereby. The analysis indicates that risk management is considered very important. Though the firms try to manage the financial risks, but still they are not able to combat it fully, due to lack of knowledge about the improved techniques of risk management like financial derivatives. It is found, statistically that there is significant difference in attitude of both engineering and apparel exporters regarding risk managementThesisItem Restricted A STUDY OF MARKETING PRACTICES OF INLAND FISH FARMERS OF PUNJAB(Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) Chopra, Deep; Babita KumarThe study was conducted to analyse the marketing practices and problems faced by inland fish farmers in Punjab. A list of all the fish farmers in Punjab was obtained from Fish Farmers’ Development Authority. The list showed that the farmers were having highest concentration of fish farmers in five districts of Punjab i.e. Bathinda, Sangrur, Patiala, Ludhiana, Ferozepur. For meeting the objectives primary data were collected through a structured, non-disguised questionnaire from a sample was of 100 farmers i.e. 20 farmers from each district which were chosen on convenience basis. The study found that mostly semi-medium and medium farmers are engaged in this activity. Majority of farmers have adopted poultry as a subsidiary occupation along with fish farming. Majority of the farmers had received training in fish farming from state fisheries department. The study revealed that catla, rohu and mrigal are highly reared varieties and the major source of fish fingerlings for farmers is private companies followed by state department of fisheries. Fish farmers were facing problem of inadequate technical help for fish production, losses during handling, improper packaging material and shortage of electricity.ThesisItem Restricted A STUDY OF OPINION AND SKEPTICISM OF ADOLESCENTS TOWARDS T.V. ADVERTISING(Punjab Agricultural University, 2013) Dewan, Esha; Babita Kumarhe present study was conducted to study the opinion and skepticism of adolescents towards T.V. advertising. Opinion and skepticism of selected adolescents towards T.V. advertising was studied with the help of two structured questionnaires. The opinion of the respondents was studied with the help of scale developed by Pollay and Mittal in 1993. It is a thirty item scale which studies the three Personal use factors i.e. product information, social role and image, and hedonic/pleasure and four societal effects i.e. good for the economy, materialism, value corruption, and falsity/no sense. Skepticism of adolescents towards T.V. advertising was studied with the help of a 9 item scale developed by Obermiller and Spangenberg in 1998. The total sample size of 200 adolescents was selected taking 40 students each of class 8th to 12th from 4 schools in Ludhiana City. It was found that the opinion of adolescents towards advertising was quite favourable. Not much skepticism prevailed. They consider advertising to be informative keeping them up to date and entertaining. Although they did believe that advertisements make the society materialistic and corrupts their valuesThesisItem Open Access Study of Momentum Investing in 52-Week High and 52-Week Low Stocks(Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) Ruchika Rajpal; Sachdeva, Y.P.Momentum investing in stock markets has been reported in several developed and emerging stock markets. This study entitled “Study of Momentum Investing in 52-Week High and 52-Week Low Stocks”, aimed to empirically examine the momentum investing in selected stocks. In order to achieve the objectives, a total of 250 stocks comprising 50 stocks every year (25 stocks from 52week high stocks and 25 stocks from 52-week low stocks) from NSE stock universe were selected from 2006 to 2010. The adjusted closing prices were obtained and returns were first compared with zero return (raw comparison). Further relative comparisons with the returns of S&P CNX NIFTY, CNX NIFTY JUNIOR and S&P CNX 500 were done for the same time period. The results revealed the presence of nil momentum investing in 52 week high stocks during short term period (30 days). For the intermediate period (90days) and long period (180 days) momentum investing worked particularly in 52 week high stocks. On the other hand in case of 52 week low stocks, momentum investing worked very well in short term period. In term of relative comparison it was found that momentum investing didn’t work at all in 52 week high stocks but was highly effective, although amid slight trend reversals, in 52 week low stocks.ThesisItem Open Access Stock price reaction to announcement of buy back in India: An event study of selected stocks(Punjab Agricultural University, 2013) simardeep kaur; Gupta, Mohitpresent study entitled 'Stock price reaction to announcement of buy back in India: An event study of selected stocks' aims to study the stock price reaction to buy back announcements through open market purchase and tender offer. Secondary data with respect to buy back announcement is collected from January 1st 2006 to December 31st 2012. Sample finally consisted of randomly selected 30 stocks for open market purchase and 30 stocks for tender offer. Event study methodology was applied where the event 'e' was considered as date of announcement of buy back. Stock return parameters i.e., alpha and beta co-efficients were calculated from single index market model including regression of stock returns on appropriate stock index return. The expected returns calculated on the basis of stock parameters from estimation window( e-100 to e-5) were compared with the actual returns in the event window (e-5 to e+5) and post event window (e+5 to e+30) and t test was applied to test the significance of these returns. The cumulative average abnormal return was found to be significant only in case of buy back through open market purchase in pre event window (starting from e-12 days) and extending upto post event window (upto e+6 days).ThesisItem Open Access Mutual Funds Performance Persistence : A Study of Equity Diversified Mutual Funds(Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) harpreet Kaur; Gupta, MohitPerformance persistence has been observed in the mutual fund markets of several developed and developing countries. This study entitled, “Mutual funds Performance Persistence : A Study of Equity Diversified Mutual Funds.” aimed to empirically study the performance persistence of equity diversified funds in Indian context. In order to achieve the objectives, quarterly returns of 116 equity diversified funds, grouped as portfolios, were compared on quarter to quarter basis. Ranks were assigned on the basis of return and rank correlation was evaluated between two quarters. In total 17 comparisons were made on quarter to quarter basis and out of these 10 comparisons depicted high performance persistence, in form of high positive rank correlation. In contrast very less performance persistence has been found using investor style as a control measureThesisItem Open Access OCK INCLUSION IN SELECTED INDICES – A STUDY OF IMPACT ON STOCK RETURNS AND LIQUIDITY MEASURES(Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) Ramandeep kaur; Gupta, MohitStock inclusions and exclusions continuously happen in stock indices and many of the studies have shown that these events have effect on stock market performance in terms of return and volume. Present study “Stock Inclusion in Selected Indices- A Study of Impact on Stock Returns and Liquidity Measures” was undertaken to empirically access the impact of stock inclusions on stock returns and liquidity. Ten inclusions were randomly selected from a list of twenty stock inclusions and such selection was done for each of indices namely sensex representing large cap stocks, BSE mid cap index representing mid cap stocks and BSE small cap index representing small cap stocks. No abnormal and cumulative abnormal returns were found during event window ranging from e-1 through e+1 where „e‟ stands for event day. It was only in the mid cap stocks that significant abnormal and cumulative abnormal returns were found at e-4 day during pre event window upto e-10 days. During the post event window upto e+10 days the significant abnormal returns were found at e+4 day in case of mid cap and e+9 in case of small cap. No significant cumulative abnormal returns were found in post event window. No impact of stock inclusion was seen on liquidity measures of selected eventsThesisItem Restricted Study of Awareness and Attitude towards Incentive Schemes for Exporters of Agricultural Products’’(Punjab Agricultural University, 2013) Garg, Nishant; Babita KumarThe present study was conducted on awareness and attitude towards incentive schemes for exporters of agricultural products. The study was undertaken in five districts of Punjab namely Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Sangrur. The sample of 50 exporters was interviewed with the help of detailed questionnaire. The results of the study show that there are only 27(54%) exporters which were aware of incentive schemes. From them only 17(63%) were availing the schemes. The reasons for not availing the schemes had been the approval formalities of government agencies, documentations and non-willingness of exporters to avail the schemes Those who were availing the schemes were having objectives of increasing their competiveness, profit maximization, financial assistance and brand publicity and advertisement. However, the exporters find many problems in availing the schemes like procedural problems, official regulations and policies and inefficiencies of incentive providing agencies. These problems can be solved by formulating approachable incentive policies so that the exporters can easily avail them and it should be user friendly.