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2017 - 20193
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Author: Sharma, Anjali × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Higher order contributions to electron-acoustic solitary waves featuring cairns-tsallis distribution of electrons
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Sharma, Anjali; Parveen Bala
    In this thesis, a homogeneous system of unmagnetized and collisionless plasma constituting of cold electron fluid, immobile ions and hot electrons has been studied. The hot electrons are assumed to obey hybrid Cairns-Tsallis distribution. This distribution is applicable within the range and .Using standard Reductive Perturbation Method (RPM), dispersion relation and Korteweg de-Vries (KdV) equation has been derived. Reductive preturbation method is further extended to include the contribution of higher order terms. Renormalization method is employed in studying the propagation of electron acoustic solitary waves as well as higher order solitary waves. Our present investigation focuses on revealing the dependency of the behavior of these waves on nonthermal parameter( ), hot-to-cold electron density ratio( ), hot-to-cold electron temperature ratio( ), Mach number( ) and nonextensive parameter( ). Only negative potential structures are reported in our plasma model. The numerical results reflects that on taking the higher order correction terms into account, the amplitude of the dressed soliton solution increases however its width narrows. The present plasma model may be helpful in simulating the electron acoustic solitary behavior in the auroral regions and magnetospheric plasmas of earth.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Higher order contributions to electron-acoustic solitary waves featuring cairns-tsallis distribution of electrons
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Sharma, Anjali; Bala, Parveen
    In this thesis, a homogeneous system of unmagnetized and collisionless plasma constituting of cold electron fluid, immobile ions and hot electrons has been studied. The hot electrons are assumed to obey hybrid Cairns-Tsallis distribution. This distribution is applicable within the range and .Using standard Reductive Perturbation Method (RPM), dispersion relation and Korteweg de-Vries (KdV) equation has been derived. Reductive preturbation method is further extended to include the contribution of higher order terms. Renormalization method is employed in studying the propagation of electron acoustic solitary waves as well as higher order solitary waves. Our present investigation focuses on revealing the dependency of the behavior of these waves on nonthermal parameter( ), hot-to-cold electron density ratio( ), hot-to-cold electron temperature ratio( ), Mach number( ) and nonextensive parameter( ). Only negative potential structures are reported in our plasma model. The numerical results reflects that on taking the higher order correction terms into account, the amplitude of the dressed soliton solution increases however its width narrows. The present plasma model may be helpful in simulating the electron acoustic solitary behavior in the auroral regions and magnetospheric plasmas of earth.
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    ThesisItemRestricted
    Development of cotton kurtis using Madhubani motifs
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Sharma, Anjali; Bains, Sandeep
    The present study entitled “Development of cotton kurtis using Madhubani motifs” was carried out in Ludhiana city. Both the cotton fabric and pigment dyes were purchased from the local market of Ludhiana district. An attempt was aimed towards developing new designs for cotton kurtis using Madhubani motifs with pigment dyes utilizing hand painting technique. The researcher documented fifty motifs, sources of natural dyes used by traditional Madhubani painters and also studied the symbolism of Madhubani motifs. Twenty motifs were shortlisted and categorized into animal and bird motif, floral motif, tree of life motif, human motif and sun motif five categories by a panel of ten judges. One motif was selected and adapted from each category of motif for the development of twenty designs using with different colour combinations and placement. The developed designs were shown to a panel of ten judges and were asked to choose one best design for the development of final cotton kurtis. Five cotton kurtis were developed using selected five designs and placements with pigment dyes of red, green, yellow, blue, black, orange and skin colours. The colour fastness grades were evaluated for pigment dyes to various agencies including: washing, light, rubbing and perspiration. Pigment dye black and red shows excellent (5) grades for wash fastness and perspiration. Good (4) rubbing fastness grades and very good (6) light fastness grades were obtained by red and black pigment dyes. An inventory was prepared to record the views of thirty consumers. In this part the consumers preferred the Kurti K1with fish motif the most on the basis of design placement, colour combination and overall appearance. In the case of Kurti K1 the cost price was Rs 1125/- with profit margin 33.3 percent. Majority of the respondents (78.8%) reported that the quoted price was adequate for prepared cotton kurtis. The painting of kurtis can be promoted as an enterprise, where a painter can earn 30-40% profit.