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20112
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Author: Neeraj Sharma × End date: 2013 × Type: Thesis ×
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    “Studies on improvement of fruit quality through girdling and thinning in Satluj Purple plum”
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2011) Neeraj Sharma; Harminder Kaur
    The present investigation entitled “Studies on improvement of fruit quality through girdling and thinning in Satluj Purple plum” was carried out in the New Orchard, Department of Horticulture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2009. Plants of Satluj Purple plum planted at 3x1.5 m were used as experimental material. In experiment I, Trunk and limb girdling was done at full bloom and 7,14,21,28 and 35 days after full bloom. All the girdling treatments advanced fruit maturity as compared to control. Least number of days taken for maturity were recorded when limb girdling was done 21 days after full bloom. Yield was found to increase and fruit drop was reduced in all the treatments. Maximum yield, fruit weight and size, pulp/stone ratio, colour and better fruit quality in terms of higher TSS, TSS/acid ratio, β-carotene with lower acidity and firmness were observed when limb girdling was done 21 days after full bloom. Healing of the girdle was satisfactory and there was no detrimental effect noticed in any of the treatments. Leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll content were decreased and total carbohydrates were increased with the girdling. In experiment II, Hand thinning was done at fruit set and 7, 14,21and 28 days after fruit set. Hand thinning treatments advanced fruit maturity and also resulted better quality of fruits as compared to control. Higher yield fruit weight, size, colour, TSS, TSS/acid ratio and lower acidity and minimum firmness were recorded when hand thinning was done 14 days after fruit set. Significant increase in β-carotene and diameter of thinned fruits was recorded with hand thinning as compared to control. Leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll content were found to decreased whereas total carbohydrates increase with hand thinning treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES AGAINST Phalaris minor (Retz.) IN RELATION TO CROP GEOMETRY
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Neeraj Sharma
    A field investigation was conducted at Students’ Research Farm, Deptt. of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during rabi 2010-11 to study the competitive ability of different wheat varieties against Phalaris minor (Retz.) in relation to crop geometry. The experiment was conducted using Split Plot Design with four replications. Three spacings (15cm, 22.5cm and 22.5cm × 22.5cm) and two weed control methods (sprayed and unsprayed) were kept in main plots and four wheat varieties viz: PBW 550, DBW 17, PBW 621 and WH 542 were kept in sub plots. The weed count (118 and 130/m2) and weed dry weight (22.6 and 24.0q/ha) was found to be significantly less at harvest under bi-directional (22.5cm × 22.5cm) sowing and closer (15cm) sowing, respectively as compared to normal 22.5cm sowing which resulted in increased grain yield i.e. 56.5q/ha and 52.5q/ha in bidirectional and closer sowing respectively. The plots sprayed with herbicide showed significantly less weed count (112/m2) and weed dry matter (21.5q/ha) at harvest which resulted in increased grain yield in sprayed plots (57.9 q/ha) as compared to unsprayed plots (45.3q/ha). Among four wheat varieties, PBW 621 and PBW 550 were at par with each other in terms of grain (57.1 and 55.4 q/ha) and straw (86.5 and 78.8 q/ha) yield due to more number of effective tillers/m2 (445 and 416), ear length (8.7 and 7.7cm), numbers of grains per ear (53.7 and 50.5) and thousand grain weight (39.1 and 38.2 g) respectively. The weed count (120 and 126/m2) and weed dry matter (22.4 and 23.2 q/ha) was found to be significantly less at harvest for wheat variety PBW 621 and PBW 550, respectively due to more leaf area index and number of tillers/m2 recorded at different growth stages of wheat and proved more competitive against Phalaris minor as compared to DBW 17 and WH 542.