Loading...
Thesis
Browse
2 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Embargo Effect of foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and quality attributes of hull-less seeded pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca)(Punjab Agricultural University, 2023) Monika; Dhatt, A.S.The present investigation entitled „Effect of foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and quality attributes of hull-less seeded pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca)‟ was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during spring season 2021 and 2022. The experiment was laid down in Randomized complete block design with thirteen treatments viz., T1 control (water spray), T2 (ZnSO4 @0.5%), T3 (MgSO4 @ 0.5%), T4 (KNO3 @ 0.5%), T5 (B @ 0.5%), T6 (ZnSO4 @ 1.0%), T7(MgSO4 @ 1.0%), T8 (KNO3 @ 1.0%), T9 (B @ 1.0%), T10 (ZnSO4 + MgSO4 +KNO3+B @0.5%), T11 (ZnSO4+MgSO4+KNO3+B @ 1.0%), T12 (Salicylic acid @ 100ppm) and T13 (Salicylic acid @ 200 ppm), replicated thrice. Among, horticultural trait, maximum vine length was observed in foliar application of ZnSO4 + MgSO4 + KNO3+B @ 0.5% (T10). Foliar application of salicylic acid @ 200 ppm (T13) gave higher leaf length, leaf width and petiole length. Minimum days to 50 % male and female flowering as well as harvest were observed in foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% (T2). ZnSO4 + MgSO4 +KNO3+B @ 0.5% (T10) and MgSO4 @ 0.5% (T3) significantly affected the fruit yield traits like polar diameter of fruit, equatorial diameter of fruit, flesh thickness, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per plot, fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per plot and seed yield traits viz., number of seeds per fruit, 100seed weight and seed yield per plant. Quality traits like seed colour, dry matter, oil content, protein content, ash content, fibre, total sugar and reducing sugar too were maximized by foliar application of T10 (ZnSO4+ MgSO4 + KNO3 +B @ 0.5%) and T3 (MgSO4 @ 0.5%). Correlation analysis revealed that polar and equatorial diameter, flesh thickness, fruit weight, vine length and number of primary branches per plant significantly and positively contributed towards fruit yield per plot while, seed yield was directly correlated with number of seeds per fruit, 100-seed weight, dry matter, oil content, ash content and reducing sugar. Suggesting focus on these characters for further improvement of seed yield and quality of hull-less pumpkin. Considering above and the benefit-cost ratio among T3 and T10, T3 (MgSO4 @ 0.5%) can be adjudged as the best treatment for enhancing growth and yield of PAU Magaz Kadoo-1. Therefore, it can be stated that the four foliar applications of MgSO4 @ 0.5% at fortnightly interval with the onset of 50% flowering can significantly improve the growth, yield and quality attributes of hull-less seeded pumpkin.ThesisItem Embargo Analytical study of women engaged in income generation activities(Punjab Agricultural University, 2022) Monika; Sidhu, KiranjotPresent study entitled „Analytical study of Women engaged in Income Generation Activities‟ was conducted to identify the type of income generating activities (IGAs), factors influencing the selection of activity and contributing to success and failure and determine economic and employment generation performance of IGA. Data were collected personally from 200 women who had started IGA and had either continued or discontinued IGA. Largest percentage were young, middle aged, married , matriculate, not members of any organization belonged to nuclear and small families with farming as major source of income. More than half had family income between 100000 - 350000 rupees. Majority were continuers and were sustaining since 8-14 years and were independently functioning. Initial funds were pooled from different sources. Own saving was used by majority and very few took loan from the bank. Largest percentage of continuers were engaged in garment construction and among discontinuers in dairy and processing. Largest percentage of continuers and discontinuers were self-motivated. Low family income and continuity of family IGA were major reasons for starting the IGA. Profitability, previous involvement of family and use of family labor were factors contributed to selection of IGA. Majority of income generating women (IGW) that is 160 earned between 30000-60000 rupees generating 62954 man days of employment. Very few attended formal trainings. Majority of continuers wanted to upscale or continue with the activity. Half of them cited financial independence and enjoyment of being a role model for other as the major reason for it. Unprofitability was major reason to discontinue. Lesser demand, inability to compete, time management and lack of physical support from the family were reasons given by those who had already discontinued. Educational status was negatively and significantly related to duration of sustainability. Higher income from the IGA and number of trainings attended were positively related with duration of sustainability. Employment generation was positively significantly related with family size and percentage of loan returned. It was recommended that women motivated to start IGA should be identified, trained and supported through linkage development with different agencies for managing resources, marketing and other aspects in which women lack desired level of competencies.
