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Author: Lovepreet Singh × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Infrastructure, functioning and labour scenario in regulated markets of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Lovepreet Singh; Goyal, Mini
    Agricultural regulated markets have been playing a pivotal role in the overall economic development of a country. Therefore the present study has been designed to examine the status of infrastructure, functioning and labour scenario in the regulated markets of Punjab. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The study was conducted in three agro-climatic zones of Punjab during the year 2019-20 and from each zone three markets i.e. small, medium and large markets were selected. A sample of 10 farmers and 10 labourers were taken from each market. For the selection of e-NAM markets, one market was randomly selected from each zone and a sample of 20 farmers was selected from each market. The study highlighted that number of regulated markets was increased from 1980-81 to 2019-20. Consequently there was a decline in average area and number of villages severed per market which in turn ensured betterment in number of regulated markets in the state. Growth in the number of regulated markets resulted in increase in the procurement of wheat and paddy in the state. Results of infrastructure development index revealed that large markets were equipped with better infrastructure facilities. Problem of lack of space and inadequate covered sheds were the major problems faced by famers. The efficiency of the regulated markets were computed and it was found that large markets were financially and managerially more efficient due to higher income, better management of income, employees, marketed surplus and produce. Markets were not organizationally efficient on the basis of staff strength and distance traveled by farmers. Mandi labourers got total employment for 297 days during a year including 126 days in regulated markets with income of Rs 57261.34 per annum and 171 days in other than market works by earning Rs.45059.64 per annum. In Punjab, about 2.16 lakh farmers, 2288 traders and 8376 commission agent were registered with e-NAM. It was found that e-NAM markets had a positive impact on prices. The factors like availability of electronic equipment’s followed by operational holding, age were the most influential determinants to participate in e-NAM system.