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2011 - 201912020 - 20222
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Author: Jasmeen Kaur × Start date: 2011 ×
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    Genotoxicity and oxidative stress in earthworms in response to pesticides under natural conditions in submountainous undulating zone of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Jasmeen Kaur; Aulakh, R.K.
    The expansion of agriculture and extensive use of pesticides disturb soil ecosystem leading to soil pollution, toxicity and significant population damage to soil organisms. The current study was set out to assess the amount of pesticide residue present inside the tissues of earthworms and how oxidative stress and genotoxicity were induced in earthworms due to excess of pesticide residues in agricultural lands of Hoshiarpur and Gurdaspur districts. Pesticide residue analysis revealed the presence of chlorpyrifos and edifenphos in soil whereas no pesticide residues were found above the limit of quantification in earthworm tissues. Genotoxicity test revealed a tail DNA% of 5.61 in case of earthworms taken from chlorpyrifos contaminated soil and a tail DNA% of 21.66 in case of earthworms taken from edifenphos contaminated soil from Hoshiarpur district and a tail DNA% of 0.01 in case of earthworms taken from chlorpyrifos contaminated soil from Gurdaspur district. Cytogenetic analysis showed no chromosomal aberrations were observed. The antioxidative enzyme activity showed a significant difference between the activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Glutathione-S-Transferase and Acetylcholinesterase was observed from earthworms from Hoshiarpur district. A significant difference between the activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Glutathione-S-Transferase was observed from earthworms from Gurdaspur district. It was concluded that there are less effects of pesticide residues on earthworms under field conditions as compared to the previous studies done under controlled lab conditions due to the dynamic and complex nature of the environment which cannot be stimulated in the lab.
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    Genotoxicity and oxidative stress in earthworms in response to pesticides under natural conditions in submountainous undulating zone of Punjab
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Jasmeen Kaur; Aulakh, R.K.
    The expansion of agriculture and extensive use of pesticides disturb soil ecosystem leading to soil pollution, toxicity and significant population damage to soil organisms. The current study was set out to assess the amount of pesticide residue present inside the tissues of earthworms and how oxidative stress and genotoxicity were induced in earthworms due to excess of pesticide residues in agricultural lands of Hoshiarpur and Gurdaspur districts. Pesticide residue analysis revealed the presence of chlorpyrifos and edifenphos in soil whereas no pesticide residues were found above the limit of quantification in earthworm tissues. Genotoxicity test revealed a tail DNA% of 5.61 in case of earthworms taken from chlorpyrifos contaminated soil and a tail DNA% of 21.66 in case of earthworms taken from edifenphos contaminated soil from Hoshiarpur district and a tail DNA% of 0.01 in case of earthworms taken from chlorpyrifos contaminated soil from Gurdaspur district. Cytogenetic analysis showed no chromosomal aberrations were observed. The antioxidative enzyme activity showed a significant difference between the activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Glutathione-S-Transferase and Acetylcholinesterase was observed from earthworms from Hoshiarpur district. A significant difference between the activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Glutathione-S-Transferase was observed from earthworms from Gurdaspur district. It was concluded that there are less effects of pesticide residues on earthworms under field conditions as compared to the previous studies done under controlled lab conditions due to the dynamic and complex nature of the environment which cannot be stimulated in the lab.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF PACKAGING MATERIAL AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON SHELF LIFE AND QUALITY OF DRIED GINGER
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2011) Jasmeen Kaur; Satish Kumar, Gupta
    The study on the effect of packaging material and storage conditions on shelf life of dried ginger was undertaken to select the suitable package material for extending the shelf-life of dried ginger based on physico-chemical quality and sensory evaluation. The ginger was peeled, cut and dried into three physical forms i.e. dried ginger flakes, dried rhizome and ginger powder and packaged in HDPE films, laminated aluminium films, PET containers and glass containers. These dried and packaged samples were stored under ambient conditions and refrigerated temperature (3+0.5°C). The analysis was carried out to estimate the quality and shelf-life of the stored dried ginger during whole storage period of four months. The parameters evaluated were colour change in terms of L value, chroma & hue angle, volatile oil (%), flavor (hedonic scale), shrinkage/swelling, weight change (g) and moisture content (% wb). Weight change (g) and moisture content (% wb) increased whereas colour change in terms of L value, chroma, lightness, flavour and volatile oil were decreased during storage period. Shrinkage/Swelling remained almost same during the storage period. Based on these physic-chemical quality parameters and sensory evaluation, it was found that the best physical form was powder followed by flakes and rhizome. Glass containers was the best packaging material followed by laminated aluminium films, HDPE films and PET containers for extending the shelf-life and maintaining the quality of dried ginger upto 4 months. Refrigerated conditions were observed as the better storage conditions than the room temperature. The statistical analysis was also done to check the significance of different packaging materials used under different storage conditions.