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2010 - 20122
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Author: Davinder Singh × End date: 2012 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Studies to moderate the heat stress effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2010) Davinder Singh
    The field experiment entitled “Studies to moderate the heat stress effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity” was carried out at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2009-10. Results of the investigation indicated that wheat yields in heat stress environment can be raised significantly by modifying agronomic practices. The sowing of 25 November gave significantly higher grain yield than late sowing of 10 December. The crop sown on 25 November with zero tillage in standing stubbles after removal of loose straw and one foliar spray of KNO3 (1%) during anthesis was at par in grain yield than those obtained with conventional tillage without mulching + two foliar spray of KNO3 (1%) during anthesis/one additional irrigation during post anthesis, conventional tillage with mulching + one additional irrigation during post anthesis/ recommended irrigation. It was significantly higher than the crop sown on 25 November and 10 December with other methods of planting and agronomic practices. When crop sown very late on 10 December gave the maximum yield with zero tillage in standing stubbles after removal of loose straw with one/two foliar spray of KNO3 (1%) during anthesis or one additional irrigation during post anthesis conventional tillage without mulching with two foliar spray of KNO3 (1%) during anthesis/one additional irrigation during post anthesis and conventional tillage with mulching with one additional irrigation during post anthesis which was significantly higher than crop sown 10 December with other methods of planting as well as agronomic practices. In heat stress environment the higher yield obtained from the crop sown on 25 November and 10 December with the modifying practices due to the higher growth, yield contributing characters, lower soil and canopy temperature and especially higher use of growing degree days and photo-thermal units by the crop sown on 25 November.
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    MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE DISEASES OF RICE
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2012) Davinder Singh
    The rice crop is prone to several diseases such as bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae), Brown leaf spot (Drechslera oryzae Drechsler), Foot rot (Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon) and Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara). These diseases have become an important constraint in rice production in Punjab during recent years. In vitro and under glass house conditions it was found that Emisan - 6 + Streptocycline and Nativo 75 WG + Streptocycline gave higher germination, minimum microflora and less disease severity among all the chemicals tested. Out of six chemicals evaluated under in vitro conditions for their efficacy against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, D. oryzae, F. moniliforme, P. oryzae and R. Solani. It was found that Streptocycline and Emisan-6 were the most effective against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, Emisan -6 and Nativo 75 WG against D. oryzae and P. oryzae, Nativo 75 WG and Bavistin 50 WP against F. moniliforme and Emisan - 6 and Bavistin 50 WP against R. solani. In field conditions seed treatment with Emisan-6 + Streptocycline, Nativo 75 WG + Streptocycline and Bavistin 50 WP + Streptocycline were the most effective against all seed borne disease of rice which also gave higher grain yield among all the chemicals tested. Amistar 25 SC acts as a growth promoter which results in more root- shoot length, dry and fresh weight and more number of tillers per plant than all the chemicals tested.