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2016 - 201912020 - 20221
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Subject: Zoology × Author: Komalpreet Kaur × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemEmbargo
    Development of integrated rodent pest management module for commensal situations
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Komalpreet Kaur; B.K. Babbar
    Rattus rattus is a predominant pest in commensal situations. There is a need to develop a rodent management module for commensal situations for long term solution to the problem. During present study, andrographolide based baits were tested against house rats under laboratory for their toxic and antifertility effects. However absence of toxic and minor antifertility effects of treated baits indicated need to increase the bioavailability of andrographolide in bait. Experiments were also conducted to study the efficacy of different management methods at selected locations for controlling rodent population either by single method/product or by integrating different rodent pest management methods. Testing of a repellent based formulation (RBF) revealed that single treatment with 5 packets (25g each) is effective to reduce upto 60-80% rodent population for 18-36 days in airtight/enclosed conditions. It was also observed that rats do not develop habituation against RBF. It can be successfully used in situations where rats develop trap and poison bait shyness. Cost of one packet of RBF is Rs 11/-.Double trapping for four days was found to be effective to reduce 45 to 80% rodent population in an area ranging from 135 to 200 sq.ft. for three months with six traps at a cost of Rs 300/- only. Rodent proofing provided 82.46-95.29% reduction in rodent activity during the observation period of 96 days after proofing. Integration of trapping with rodent proofing under conditions where complete rodent proofing is not possible, provided long term solution to the problem. Neem seed and andrograppholide based NSA bait was found to be effective as toxic and antifertility agent even under real commensal situations. Overall these results indicated that integration of rodent proofing with trappingranked 1st followed by rodent proofing, RBF, trapping and integration of trapping with RBF ranked 5th in managing rodent population under commensal situations
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Growth and breeding biology of Tatera indica in relation to its management practices
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Komalpreet Kaur; Singla, Neena
    During present study on growth and breeding biology of Indian gerbil, Tatera indica, a gradual increase in body weight and length of different body parts was observed in gerbils of both sexes collected from crop fields. All the mature females were found cyclic with average duration of one oestrous cycle to be 3.0 days. Laboratory breeding of mature male and female gerbils resulted in 88% success with average litter size of 5.14 and gestation period of 22.45 days. Postpartum oestrous was observed immediately after parturition in female gerbils not separated from males resulting in back to back pregnancy. Observations on postnatal growth of pups of seven different age groups (30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days old) of each sex revealed significant increase in body weight, length of different body parts, weight of reproductive organs (testis, epididymis, ovary, uterus) and accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles and prostate gland), level of sex hormones (testosterone and estradiol) and specific activity of enzymes (17 β-HSD and 3β-HSD) with increasing age. In males, descending of testes to scrotum, preputial separation and presence of spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules and cauda epididymis were observed at the age of 105 days onwards. In females, ovulation leading to formation of corpus luteum was observed at the age of 90 days onwards. Present study depicts that sexual maturity in T. indica is attained at the age of 3-4 months. The control measures should therefore be planned before they become sexually mature and start producing next generation.