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2016 - 20202
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Subject: Zoology × Author: Komalpreet Kaur × End date: 2020 ×
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    Eucalyptus oil based hybrid nanoemulsions as larvicidal agents against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2020) Komalpreet Kaur; Vashishat, Nisha
    The growing threat of vector-borne diseases and environmental pollution has prompted the nanotechnology based investigations. The present study aimed to use one of the nanotechnological applications with larvicidal potential against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) by preparing aqueous hybrid nanoemulsions of zinc and copper sulfide nanoparticles with non polar nanoemulsion of Eucalyptus globulosa oil by sonication. GC-MS analysis revealed presence of total 22 compounds with major composition of 1, 8-cineole (42.16%) and Pcymene (14.81%). 1:2 and 1:5 ratio of non polar oil emulsion and both nanohybrids were found to be most stable after thermodynamic stability tests. TEM studies of non polar oil nanoemulsion, CuS and ZnS based nanohybrids were found to have average size of 20-40, 80100 and 50-70 nm with spherical, globular and rectangular shapes respectively. The larvicidal activity of prepared nanoformulations were tested at different concentrations (in triplicate) and 70, 6.5 and 9.5 ppm of oil nanoemuslion, CuS and ZnS based nanohybrids were found to be the most effective concentrations as 100% mortality was observed within 24 hours. LC50 and LC90 values were calculated to be 51.95 and 64.21 ppm, 5.00 and 5.81 ppm, 7.63 and 9.22 ppm for non polar oil nanoemulsions, CuS and ZnS based nanohybrids after 24 hrs respectively. The toxicological data was assured by SEM, histological and biochemical results. Under simulated conditions, nanohybrids treatment demonstrated optimum larvicidal potency after 48 hrs of exposure. These nanohybrids did not show toxicity in Scapholebris kingi and Mesocyclops spp. Thus, the following research is a step towards safe and efficient approach against Aedes aegypti
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Growth and breeding biology of Tatera indica in relation to its management practices
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Komalpreet Kaur; Singla, Neena
    During present study on growth and breeding biology of Indian gerbil, Tatera indica, a gradual increase in body weight and length of different body parts was observed in gerbils of both sexes collected from crop fields. All the mature females were found cyclic with average duration of one oestrous cycle to be 3.0 days. Laboratory breeding of mature male and female gerbils resulted in 88% success with average litter size of 5.14 and gestation period of 22.45 days. Postpartum oestrous was observed immediately after parturition in female gerbils not separated from males resulting in back to back pregnancy. Observations on postnatal growth of pups of seven different age groups (30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days old) of each sex revealed significant increase in body weight, length of different body parts, weight of reproductive organs (testis, epididymis, ovary, uterus) and accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles and prostate gland), level of sex hormones (testosterone and estradiol) and specific activity of enzymes (17 β-HSD and 3β-HSD) with increasing age. In males, descending of testes to scrotum, preputial separation and presence of spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules and cauda epididymis were observed at the age of 105 days onwards. In females, ovulation leading to formation of corpus luteum was observed at the age of 90 days onwards. Present study depicts that sexual maturity in T. indica is attained at the age of 3-4 months. The control measures should therefore be planned before they become sexually mature and start producing next generation.